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What is a shared derived trait called?
Synapomorphy/homology – a derived trait that is found in some or all terminal groups of a clade, and inherited from a common ancestor, for which it was an autapomorphy (i.e., not present in its immediate ancestor).
What methods are used to determine evolutionary history of a group of individuals?
Phylogenetics is the study of evolutionary relatedness among groups of organisms (e.g., species, populations). RFLP has been used for phylogenetic classification of different members of a species, for example, 18 species of Chinese Allium has been classified on the basis of PCR–RFLP.
What are some methods used to determine evolutionary relationships?
Using morphologic and molecular data, scientists work to identify homologous characteristics and genes. Similarities between organisms can stem either from shared evolutionary history (homologies) or from separate evolutionary paths (analogies).
What is a phylogenetic hypothesis?
Phylogeny is the study of relationships among different groups of organisms and their evolutionary development. Phylogeny attempts to trace the evolutionary history of all life on the planet. It is based on the phylogenetic hypothesis that all living organisms share a common ancestry.