Leg cramps
Prolonged PR interval
Flattened T waves
The major signs and symptoms of hypokalemia include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, sluggish bowel, cardiac arrhythmias, postural hypotension, muscle fatigue, and weakness. Leg cramps are common and, in severe hypokalemia, respiratory muscles can be weakened. On ECG, there is a prolonged PR interval, flattened T wave, and prominent U wave.
- type
of sodium deficiency where Fluids and sodium are lost together
- caused by: vomiting, diarrhea, diuretics, increased sweating, burns, wound drainage, Adrenal insufficiency, osmotic diuresis, diuretics, and salt losing nephritis
- manifestations: dry mucous membrane, poor skin turgor, weak pulse, low BP
Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, sluggish bowel, cardiac arrhythmia, postural hypertension, muscle fatigue, weakness, leg cramps, we can respiratory muscles, decreased or absent deep tendon reflexes
Alcohol abuse, hyperphosphatemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypomagnesiumia, hypo parathyroidism, and Inadequate dietary intake or inadequate vitamin D intake, malabsorption, pancreatitis, sepsis
Drugs: loop diuretics, anticonvulsants, calcitonin, gentamycin, phosphates
Causes rbc, wbc, and platelet dysfunction
Tremors, paresthesias, hyporeflexia, anorexia, dysphagia, muscle weakness, joint stiffness, bone pain, and osteomalacia