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Terms in this set (109)
Which is the dominant type of body habitus?
Sthenic
Which adjustment is required while positioning a hypersthenic patient during radiography of the skull?
Elevate the patient's head on a radiolucent pad
Which body habitus has short lungs with apices at or near the levels of the clavicles?
Hypersthenic
How does the radiographer minimize his or her exposure during a radiographic procedure?
Stand behind the fixed barriers
The gallbladder is shown in green in the images below. Which image represents a hypersthenic patient?
A
What is the function of the part indicated in the image?
It protects the breast tissue from radiation exposure
What is the function of the device indicated in the figure?
It protects sensitive tissues.
Which image depicts the radiograph of a hypersthenic patient?
D
Which practice does the radiologic technologist follow when performing a radiographic examination?
Place the contact shield directly on the gonads of the patient.
Where is the central ray located on a chest exam for a hypersthenic patient?
7 inches down from the vertebra prominens
Which shielding devices may increase the risk of cross-infection when performing a radiographic examination?
Contact shields
Which type of device does a radiologic technologist place to the side of the collimator of the X-ray tube on a flexible extension arm?
Shadow shield
Which statement regarding body habitus is true?
Habitus is a variation in shapes of the human body.
Which patient has a hypersthenic body habitus?
D
What is the function of the part indicated by the arrow in the figure?
Protects the patient's gonads
For which patients is appropriate gonadal shielding most important? Select all that apply.
5-year-old children
CorrectB
10-year-old children
CorrectC
15-year-old patients
How does the radiographer protect the gonads of the patient during a fluoroscopy examination?
Instruct the patient to lie on lead rubber
Which structure is most radiopaque?
Bone
Which material are most protective shields composed of for use in radiographic examinations?
Lead
What actions does the radiographer take to reduce gonadal dose during imaging of the knee using the Holmblad method?
Place a lead shield around the patient's waist and extend it to the mid femur level
Which body habitus is characterized by the location of the diaphragm at a higher level?
hypersthenic
Which statement is true regarding the contact shielding used during radiographic imaging procedures?
Lead is placed directly on the gonads during the procedure.
Identify the gonadal shielding device in the image.
B
Which image depicts the thorax of an asthenic patient?
C
Which device is suspended above the beam-defining system casts to reduce scatter radiation and provide gonadal protection?
Shadow shield
While placing a patient in the right anterior oblique (RAO) position for upper gastrointestinal examination, the central ray is centered at about 5 cm above the level of L1 and nearer to the midline, 70 degrees oblique. Which patient requires such placement during the right anterior oblique position?
The patient with a massive body
What precaution does the radiologic technologist take to minimize patient exposure to radiation?
Maintain a maximum effective source-to-image distance.
What precaution should a radiologic technologist take if the x-ray beam is directed toward the abdomen and pelvis of a patient?
Use gonadal shields
Why is a hyposthenic patient's chest elevated during a recumbent radiographic procedure of the skull?
To raise the cervical vertebrae to the correct level
Which patient may require angling of the vertical grid downwards during submentovertical projection?
A patient with a massive body
A radiographic examination requires frequent changes in position of a male patient. Which device ensures effective gonadal shielding during this procedure?
Shaped contact shield
Which material is used along with lead for the preparation of flat contact shields?
Vinyl
Which shields are often combined with clear lead compensating filters during a lumbar spine scoliosis radiograph?
Shadow shield
Which type of shield is depicted in the figure?
Shadow shield
While examining polyps during a barium enema on a patient, the radiographer rotates the patient less than 40 degrees with right anterior body against the table. What is the most likely body habitus of the patient?
Asthenic
Which image depicts the stomach of an asthenic patient?
D
Which is true regarding patients with an asthenic body habitus?
Heart is nearly vertical
Which devices are used as protective shields during a radiographic examination? Select all that apply.
Curtain
CorrectB
Lead
apron
CorrectD
Bucky slot cover
Which body habitus is least frequent in the population?
hypersthenic
Which body habitus is most difficult to classify?
hyposthenic
Which type of shielding can be manipulated to extend into the path of the beam during a radiological procedure?
shadow shielding
A sthenic patient is placed in right anterior oblique position during the examination of ulcers of the pylorus. Where is the central ray centered in the patient?
At the level of L1
What practices does the radiologic technologist follow when performing subsequent anteroposterior projection of the hips for a female child?
Cover the entire sacrum of the child with the gonadal shield.
Where is the stomach located in a sthenic patient?
T11 down to L2
Which devices are available in different sizes and are used for various age groups to shield male and female gonads during a radiographic examination?
Flat contact shields
Where is the image receptor centered in a sthenic patient for delayed radiographs during radiographic examination of the small intestine?
At the level of the iliac crests
Which patient requires centering of the image receptor at a level of L2 during a posteroanterior axial projection?
A patient with a sthenic body habitus
Which devices can be used to protect the gonads of a neonate during radiographic examination? Select all that apply.
Contact shields
CorrectD
Shadow shields
How is the Pigg-O-Stat device used?
It provides gonadal protection
A patient has a stomach in the upper left side and an evenly spread colon. The gallbladder is centered on the right side of the patient. Which body habitus is indicated by these findings?
Sthenic
What precaution does the physician take when applying inversion stress during radiography?
Wear a lead apron and gloves while applying inversion stress
Which patient is most likely to be placed in the Trendelenburg position during gastrointestinal intubation for a small bowel study?
asthenic
What is a likely kVp/mAs ratio during a cervical spine examination?
70/40
How does a radiologic technologist protect the gonads of a male child when performing a computed radiographic examination of the child's hips?
Place the gonadal shield over a 15-degree sponge shield.
How does radiologic technologist ensure maximum protection of the patient from exposure to radiation during a cervical spine examination?
Provide lead contact shielding to the patient
Which patient will most likely require tomography during infusion urography procedures?
Hypersthenic
Where is the duodenal bulb located in an asthenic patient?
At the level of L4
How much lead should be used in a shielding device to provide the best protection for a patient?
1 mm
What is the likely body habitus of a patient whose head is elevated on a radiolucent pad to adjust the orbitomeatal line (OML) to the vertical position during skull radiography?
Hypersthenic
Which action exposes the gonads to radiation exposure during radiography?
Placing the contact shield on the abdomen
What is the most likely body habitus of a patient whose large intestine extends to the periphery of the abdominal cavity?
Hypersthenic
Which patient may require a higher degree of rotation while being positioned in the right anterior oblique position for an upper gastrointestinal radiographic examination?
Hypersthenic
Which device is specifically designed to protect male gonads during a radiographic examination?
Shaped contact shields
The arrow in the image depicts the pyloric portion of the stomach. Which body habitus is represented in the image?
Hypersthenic
What is a cardinal principle of patient protection during a radiographic procedure?
Provide gonadal shielding to the patient
Which shaped gonadal shield is selected when preparing a male patient for radiographic exposure?
B
What distance between the gonads and the primary beam requires gonadal shielding during a radiographic examination of a reproductive age adult?
5 cm
Which type of shield is used mostly for adult patients?
shadow shield
For which projection might gonadal shielding obscure essential anatomy for both males and females?
The lateral inferosuperior hip
Which characteristics are noticed in an asthenic patient? Select all that apply.
Frail
body
CorrectB
Long thorax
Which steps should be followed while positioning a hypersthenic patient for a chest exam? Select all that apply.
Care must be taken while centering on the lateral projection.
CorrectD
Care must be taken that the costophrenic angles are not cut off
Which statements are true regarding female gonadal shields? Select all that apply.
They can shield 12 cm superior to the symphysis pubis.
CorrectD
They have a wider upper region with a narrowed bottom.
CorrectE
They can shield 8 cm each way from the pelvic midline.
Which intervention helps simplify the gonadal shielding of an infant with congenital clubfoot?
Elevating the body of the infant to knee height
What is true regarding the gallbladder of a patient with a hyposthenic body habitus? Select all that apply
The gallbladder extends from L3 to L4.
CorrectB
The gallbladder is located near the midline.
CorrectD
The gallbladder is located at the level of the iliac crest.
Which statement is true regarding a shaped contact shield? Select all that apply.
It is cup shaped
It is designed specifically for male patients
Why does the radiologic technologist place lead shielding between the image receptor (IR) back and the forearm when imaging the intertubercular groove of the humerus in a patient using the Fisk method? Select all that apply.
To provide radiation protection
CorrectC
To reduce backscatter to the film
What are the advantages of a rare earth screen?
It reduces shielding for the x-ray room.
Which practice does the radiographer follow when performing dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning?
Avoid using additional shielding for the patient
Which patient may have kidneys that extend from T12 to L3?
The patient with a sthenic body habitus
Which radiographic projections are recommended for imaging the sacrum and coccyx in a patient? Select all that apply.
Lateral
CorrectB
Posteroanterior axial
CorrectC
Anteroposterior axial
For which radiographic examinations is gonadal shielding used? Select all that apply.
Coccyx in males
CorrectB
Sacrum in males
Kidneys in females
Which patient may have a partially obscured duodenal bulb during a radiographic examination of the stomach?
A patient with a sthenic body habitus
Which adjustments are required for a hypersthenic patient during radiography of the mandible? Select all that apply.
Adjust the cephalad angulation to 10 degrees of the central ray.
CorrectC
Adjust the midsagittal plane of the patient's skull to 15 degrees.
CorrectE
Adjust the central ray-part angle relationship to 25 degrees.
Which is true regarding characteristics of a hypersthenic body habitus? Select all that apply.
The large intestine extends to the periphery of the abdominal
cavity.
CorrectD
The gallbladder is to the right of midline in the upper abdominal cavity.
Which image depicts the anteroposterior large intestine of an asthenic patient?
B
Where is the central ray located on a chest exam for a hyposthenic patient?
11 cm below the jugular notch
Which statements are true with respect to gonadal shielding? Select all that apply.
It is used only for some radiographic examinations, not all.
It is important to ensure that the contact and shadow shields are properly positioned.
Which position gives the best image of the pyloric canal and duodenum in a hypersthenic patient?
Posteroanterior axial
Which projections give the best image of the duodenal bulb in hypersthenic patients? Select all that apply.
Right lateral
CorrectB
Posteroanterior axial
What cephalic central ray angle is used to prevent superimposition of the stomach and duodenum during a posteroanterior (PA) projection for an UGI procedure of a hypersthenic patient?
35°
Which image depicts a hyposthenic patient with the orbitomeatal line adjusted to vertical position?
A
Identify the Bucky slot cover in the image.
D
Which intervention may increase the patient's radiation dose during radiography?
Placing the shadow shield in contact with the gonads
Which organs are mainly shielded during radiography of acromioclavicular articulations? Select all that apply.
Gonads
Thyroid gland
What is the most likely body habitus of a patient who has a moderately heavy frame with a moderately long abdomen and a small pelvis?
sthenic
Which statements are true regarding gonadal shielding used during radiographic imaging? Select all that apply.
It is used in women only if it does not obscure the essential anatomy.
CorrectB
It is used for radiographic imaging of the kidneys in girls.
CorrectD
It is used for radiographic imaging of the abdomen in boys.
Which is true regarding a patient with a hypersthenic body habitus? Select all that apply.
The heart is nearly transverse.
CorrectD
The colon is around the periphery of the abdomen.
CorrectE
The stomach is transverse and is present in the middle.
Which term describes an elderly, small, frail patient?
asthenic
Which individual may require less exposure during radiography?
asthenic
Which image depicts the hypersthenic body habitus?
D
Which body habitus is depicted in the image?
asthenic
What minimum weight should the radiographic technologist use on each wrist when examining the stress view of acromioclavicular joints with weights in an asthenic patient?
7 lb
How can damage to lead aprons be best identified?
By examining the aprons using fluoroscopy
Which patient may require additional radiographs to show the large intestine?
Hypersthenic
Which type of shielding is preferred during a surgery for which sterile procedure is required?
shadow shielding
Which is a characteristic of a sthenic patient?
The pyloric portion is at level L2 near midline.
Which artifacts can be prevented by adequately shielding the backside of the image receptor? Select all that apply.
Fog
Phantom images
Which patient is most likely to be considered as a base for preparation of radiographic technique charts?
D
Which conditions require compensating filters during radiographic procedures? Select all that apply.
Lateral hip examination in hypersthenic
patients
CorrectB
Pediatrics during lateral projections of the full spine for scoliosis study
CorrectE
Pediatrics during posteroanterior projections of the full spine for scoliosis study
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