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Terms in this set (137)
Due to globalization, the supply for talented employees exceeds the demand
False
companies cannot gain a competitive advantage solely through their human resource management practices
True
which of the following steps of the training design process involves person and task analysis
conducting needs assessment
the ASTD competency model
describes what it takes for an individual to be successful in the training and development field
which of the following is an example of human capital
work-related competence
There is not one universally accepted instructional systems development model.
true
In a learning organization, improvements in product or service quality stop when formal training is completed.
false
Which of the following steps of the training design process involves person and task analysis?
conducting needs assessment
Which of the following statements is true of training
For training and development to succeed, employees, managers, training professionals, and top managers all have to take ownership.
_____ refers to a systematic approach for developing training programs.
training design process
Quality circles refer to teams that are separated by time, geographic distance, culture, and/or organizational boundaries and that rely almost exclusively on technology to interact and complete their projects.
false
Organizational development professionals in a company primarily focus on identifying the top talent in the company.
false
_____ refer to teams that are separated by time, geographic distance, culture, and/or organizational boundaries and that rely almost exclusively on technology to interact and complete their projects.
virtual teams
Which of the following statements is true of Millennials?
They are believed to have high levels of self-esteem, to the point of narcissism sometimes.
Informal learning cannot replace formal training and employee development.
true
_____ refers to a systematic approach for developing training programs
training design process
Which of the following statements is true of the Instructional System Design (ISD) model?
The model rarely follows a neat, orderly, step-by-step approach of activities.
_____ is a company wide effort to continuously improve the ways people, machines, and systems accomplish work.
total quality management
A(n) _____ is an example of tacit knowledge
employee's experience
According to the ASTD competency model, a business partner:
uses industry knowledge to create training that improves performance.
When training is provided by consulting firms and government organizations, it is said to be
outsourced.
Selected Answer
true
Training and development courses are found in psychology departments at colleges and universities.
true
Social networking facilitates decentralized decision making.
true
The core value of _____ is the prevention of the occurrence of errors in a product or service rather than detection and correction.
TQM
Which of the following is true of tacit knowledge?
Formal training and development programs limit the extent to which tacit knowledge can be acquired.
Treating employees differently based on their age, such as only inviting younger employees to attend training or development programs, can result in adverse legal consequences.
true
Informal learning
leads to the effective development of tacit knowledge
Training and development activities in a company are said to be outsourced when they are provided by _____.
government organizations
The fifth step in the training design process is to develop an evaluation plan that involves identifying
the types of outcomes training is expected to influence.
Team building, conflict avoidance, and change management are typically specialized by _____ professionals.
organizational development
Training design processes should be rigid and not flexible.
false
ISO standards are involuntary
false
_____ refers to the process of moving jobs from the United States to other locations in the world.
offshoring
Training differs from development in that training tends to be more future-focused than development
false
The ADDIE model is most closely associated with
employee training and development
The CEO of a company is responsible for setting a clear direction for learning
true
Line managers spend lesser time managing individual performance and developing employees than midlevel managers or executives do
false
Which of the following positions is characterized by high value and low uniqueness
lab technician
Companies adopting the _____ strategy need to train employees in job-search skills and to focus on cross-training remaining employees.
disinvestment
Business-level outcomes chosen to measure the overall value of training or learning initiatives are referred to as _____
metrics
Which of the following is true of the corporate university model?
The client group includes stakeholders outside the company
As a marketing agent, the CEO of a company is responsible for
promoting the company's commitment to learning by advocating it in speeches, annual reports, interviews, and other public relations tools.
Which of the following is true of centralized training
Centralized training function helps drive stronger alignment with business strategy.
In learning organizations, there is an understanding that failure provides important information
True
Job-based employees are likely to receive less training than knowledge-based employees
True
The strategic training and development initiatives vary by company depending on a company's industry, goals, resources, and capabilities
true
The final step of the strategic training and development process involves
identifying measures or metrics
_____ typically includes information on the customers served, why the company exists, what the company does, the value received by the customers, and the technology used.
mission
The strategic training and development process begins with
identifying the business strategy
For companies in an unstable or recessionary business environment, training programs focus more on correcting skill deficiencies rather than preparing staff for new assignments
true
Business process reengineering refers to the outsourcing of any business process, such as HRM, production, or training
false
Uniqueness refers to
the extent to which employees are rare and specialized and not highly available in the labor market
Development of organizational culture that values creative thinking and analysis is typically the training implication of the _____ strategy
internal growth
Emphasis on the creation of intellectual capital and the movement toward high-performance work systems using teams has resulted in employees performing many roles once reserved for management
true
A centralized training function not only hampers the streamlining of processes but also denies the company a cost advantage in purchasing training from vendors and consultants
false
_____ involves examining a company's operating environment to identify opportunities and threats
external analysis
In _____, financial and other resources are not available for development so companies tend to rely on hiring talent from the external labor market.
fortresses
Which of the following is true of the business-embedded (BE) model
The BE function is customer-focused.
Companies need to restrict learning to classrooms in order to competently help employees acquire knowledge and skills.
false
n learning organizations, there is an understanding that failure provides important information
true
Tacit knowledge developed through experience and shared through interactions between employees is easy to imitate
false
Which of the following is true of roles of managers
Regardless of their level in a company, all managers are expected to serve as spokespersons to other work units, managers, and vendors
Which of the following is true with regard to SWOT analysis
A SWOT analysis provides a company the information needed to generate several alternative business strategies and make a strategic choice
_____ relates change to managers' and employees' ability to obtain and distribute valuable resources such as data, information, or money
control
Companies need to restrict learning to classrooms in order to competently help employees acquire knowledge and skills
false
In highly integrated businesses, training is likely to include rotating employees between jobs in different businesses
true
Uniqueness refers to employee potential to improve company effectiveness and efficiency
false
Seth Mason, a product manager working in a manufacturing firm, is highly anxious about change. When the top management of Mason's firm made it mandatory for all product managers to undergo a series of skills training, he told his superior that he would be uncomfortable with the process. He added that he was certain of not being able to cope with the new developments. In this instance, Seth Mason is demonstrating _____.
resistance to change
Companies adopting the _____ strategy need to train employees in job-search skills and to focus on cross-training remaining employees
disinvestment
GreenTel, a telecom giant, has been using the service of Orpheus Inc. for training its employees. According to a deal signed by the two companies, Orpheus Inc. is not only responsible for training GreenTel's employees but also for providing comprehensive administrative services to the telecom giant. In this instance, GreenTel engages in _____.
outsourcing
The _____ considers four different perspectives: customer, internal, innovation and learning, and financial.
balanced scorecard
The process of identifying and collecting metrics is unrelated to training evaluation
false
_____ refers to the company's decisions regarding where to find employees, how to select them, and the desired mix of employee skills and statuses
Staffing strategy
Which of the following is true of the corporate university model
The client group includes stakeholders outside the company.
Companies must always avoid involving unions in retraining and productivity-improvement efforts.
false
The strategic training and development process begins with:
identifying the business strategy.
Which of the following is true with regard to SWOT analysis
A SWOT analysis provides a company the information needed to generate several alternative business strategies and make a strategic choice.
_____ are more concerned with how training may affect the attainment of financial goals for the particular units they supervise.
Mid-level managers
Which of the following is considered as cognitive ability?
Quantitative ability
Which of the following statements is true of rapid needs assessment?
It opts for methods that provide results in which trainers have the greatest confidences.
Subject-matter experts (SMEs) must have an understanding of the company's language, tools, and products.
true
Questionnaires do not allow many employees to participate in the needs assessment process.
false
the first step in developing a competency model is:
to identify the business strategy
employees' readiness for training identifying whether.
an organization's work environment will facilitate learning and not interfere with performance
___ refers to asking a large group of employees to help provide information for needs assessment that they are not traditionally asked to do
crowdsourcing
no single method of conducting needs assessment is superior to the others
true
questionnaires do not allow many employees to participate in the needs assessment process
false
To motivate employees to learn in training programs, managers should avoid informing the employees about their skill weaknesses or knowledge deficiencies.
false
Determining a job's cognitive ability requirement is part of the task analysis process
true
In the process of developing a competency model, the job or position to be analyzed is identified after:
the business strategy and goals are identified
In which of the following instances is training required for employees?
Employees lack the knowledge and skill to perform a job, but the other factors are satisfactory
Which of the following statements is true about age and generation in the context of training?
gen Xers dislike close supervision
the first step in developing a competency model is
to identify the business strategy
In task analysis, the next step after selecting the job or jobs to be analyzed is to
develop a preliminary list of tasks performed on the job by talking to those who have performed a task analysis.
Age, or even the generation an employee belongs to, does not affect how they prefer to learn.
Selected Answer:
false
If the critical job issue, process issue, and business issue are related, training should be a top priority
true
analysis involves determining the appropriateness of training, given the company's business strategy, its resources available for training, and support by managers and peers for training activities
organizational
One of the most powerful ways to motivate employees to attend and learn from training is to communicate the personal value of the training.
true
Which of the following statements is true of competency models
traditionally, need assessment failed to focus on competencies
Which of the following statements is true of needs assessment
The role of the needs assessment process is to determine if training is the appropriate solution
Task analysis should be undertaken only after the organizational analysis has determined that the company wants to devote time and money for training
true
The importance of cognitive ability for job success increases with job complexity
true
Questionnaires do not allow many employees to participate in the needs assessment process
false
Which of the following statements is true of needs assessment?
The role of the needs assessment process is to determine if training is the appropriate solution.
Which of the following is considered as a part of "input" in the process for analyzing the factors that influence employee performance and learning?
social support
The first step in task analysis is to
select the job or jobs to be analyzed
Job incumbents should be included as SME's in the needs assessment process since they tend to be the most knowledgeable about the job
true
Upper-level managers are not usually involved in identifying which employees need training or the tasks for which training is needed
true
In the needs assessment process, organizational analysis deals with identifying
the training resources that are available
involves determining whether performance deficiencies result from lack of knowledge or skills
person analysis
In the learning processes, semantic encoding typically involves
providing learning guidance to the learners
According to the _____, transfer will be maximized to the degree that the tasks, materials, equipment, and other characteristics of the learning environment are similar to those encountered in the work environment.
theory of identical elements
_____ is a learning process that involves identifying learned material in long-term memory and using it to influence performance
retrieval
The objective of training should not describe performance that cannot be observed, such as "understand" or "know."
true
The stimulus generalization approach emphasizes near transfer of training.
false
Kenneth, an operations manager has been assigned to train a group of older employees in the logistics department. He has to train them to use the new computer software which was installed recently. He does so by reminding them that they were quick in learning to use the previous software. Kenneth is typically trying to _____.
increase the employees' self-efficacy
Which of the following types of learning outcome is reflected through the ability to design and code a computer program that meets customer requirements?
intellectual skills
In the learning processes, semantic encoding typically involves:
providing learning guidance to the learners.
Feedback from trainers and coaches deters training.
false
In error management training, trainees are instructed that errors hamper learning and hence they must be completely avoided.
false
Open skills refer to training objectives that are linked to learning specific skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on their job.
false
The adult learning theory assumes that adults enter a learning experience with a subject-centered approach instead of problem-centered approach to learning.
false
Learner-learner interaction is most appropriate when learners have to:
acquire personal knowledge based on experience.
_____ refers to the learner's involvement with the training material and assessing their progress toward learning.
self-regulation
Which of the following statements is true of closed skills?
They refer to training objectives that are linked to learning specific skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on their job.
_____ is a person's judgment about whether he or she can successfully learn knowledge and skills.
self-efficacy
Less specific feedback provide trainees with better opportunities to learn compared to highly specific feedback.
true
Which of the following is a disadvantage of communities of practice (COPs)?
Employees are reluctant to participate without an incentive and fear sharing their knowledge with others.
Which of the following examples best reflects attitude as a learning outcome?
Choose to respond to all incoming mail within 24 hours.
Which of the following creates a learning orientation in trainees?
Allowing trainees to experiment with new knowledge and skills.
The training implication of _____ theory includes a trainer identifying the outcomes that a learner considers most positive or negative.
reinforcement
Closed skills include prescribed behaviors that are highly influenced by managers, peers, and the work environment.
false
Identical elements theory does not encourage transfer where the learning environment and the training environment are not necessarily identical.
true
According to the _____ theory, models' behavior or skill that is rewarded is adopted by an observer.
social learning
The learning cycle for a trainee begins with a(n) _____.
concrete experimentation
Most educational theories have been developed exclusively to educate children and youths.
true
Behavior modification is a training method that is primarily based on _____.
reinforcement theory
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