Upgrade to remove ads
Only ₩37,125/year
- Social Science
- Law
- Civil Law
Review terms and definitions
Focus your studying with a path
Take a practice test
Get faster at matching termsHow do you want to study today?
Flashcards
Learn
Test
Match
LAST CHAPTER LETS FUDGIN GOOOOOO AHHHHHH
Terms in this set (119)
Dunlop suggested that in an industrial relations system, conflict between ______ is unavoidable.
workers and managers
According to the labor relations framework, the environment and context refers to forces that impact the labor relations system and include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
globalization
laws
stakeholder needs
Labor unions' greatest positive contribution to society is _____.
institutionalizing industrial conflict resolution
Of the following, which are basic strategies used by management to avoid unionization? (Select all that apply.)
pay employees equitably
actively oppose unionization of workforce
One major goal of a labor union in negotiations is bargaining effectiveness, which provides the union the power and influence to accomplish which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
make the voices of the employees heard
effect changes in the workplace
In his book Industrial Relations Systems, author John Dunlop identified four elements of a successful industrial relations system, including which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a common ideology
shared rules of the game
Goal attainment, according to the labor relations framework, is achieved at which of the following levels? (Select all that apply.)
management
employees and unions
society
Labor unions were designed to _____.
equalize the bargaining power of workers and management
The majority of union members belong to a ______ or international union.
national
Which of the following are reasons management might discourage unionization of its workforce? (Select all that apply.)
fear of being forced to increase employee compensation
profit loss if workers strike
Which of the following is an important component of bargaining power for a union?
the ability to strike
Which of the following are examples of craft unions? (Select all that apply.)
electrical workers' union
plumbers' union
Which of the following union organizations has the greatest number of members?
National Education Association
True or false: Most of the day-to-day interaction between labor and management happens at the local union level.
True
Although not technically a union, the ______ is an association that works to further the common goals of its member unions at the national level.
AFL-CIO
The organizational chart of the AFL-CIO indicates that there are a number of trade and industrial departments that are part of the organization. Which of the following is NOT among those departments?
grocery store trades
A union whose members are linked by their work in a particular field of business is known as a(n) ______ union.
industrial
Which of the following statements are true about local unions? (Select all that apply.)
The administration of the union contract is carried out largely at the local union level.
The local of an industrial-based union may correspond to a single large facility.
The local of a craft-oriented union may cover a region.
Why do unions negotiate checkoff provisions with employers?
to maintain the security and survival of the union
The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) represents labor interests at the ______ level.
national
Which of the following types of union security provisions is illegal under the original terms of the NLRA?
closed shop
According to the organizational chart of the AFL-CIO, building and construction and maritime trades are all examples of ______ departments.
industrial
The union security provision known as a(n) ______ requires a person to join the union within a certain amount of time after being hired.
union shop
One aspect of union security, known as a(n) ______, requires an employer to deduct union dues from employees' paychecks.
checkoff provision
An employee must pay union membership dues but is not required to join the union in a(n) ______.
agency shop
Employees are required to be union members before they are hired by an employer in a(n) ______.
closed shop
The union security provision known as ______ requires union members to remain members of the union for some specified period of time.
maintenance of membership
When applicants can obtain employment prior to being a union member, but are required to join the union within a certain amount of time, this is known as a(n) ______,
union shop
Laws known as ______ make certain union security provisions, such as maintenance of membership, illegal.
right-to-work laws
Why are employers actively resisting unionization?
control cost
maintain flexibility
Which of the following statements regarding agency shops is accurate?
Employees of the firm may choose never to become members of the union.
The Taft-Hartley Act of the NLRA allowed states to disallow the union security provision known as ______.
maintenance of membership
Unions have traditionally _____.
been strongest in urban areas
What were the results when foreign automakers began to present a competitive threat to U.S. companies? (Select all that apply.)
U.S. automakers lost market share.
U.S. autoworker employment was reduced.
In states that adopted right-to-work laws, which of the following union security provisions are illegal? (Select all that apply.)
union shops
agency shops
maintenance of membership
Over half of all charges against employers in unfair labor practice cases involving unions concerns a refusal to ______.
bargain
Which of the following statements about union membership in the United States since the 1950s is true?
Union membership has gradually decreased as a percentage of employment.
One way companies utilize human resources management to avoid unionization is to _____.
provide the same benefits a union would provide
Studies show that structural changes in the economy have ______.
caused no more than one-fourth of the decrease in union membership
How does increasing foreign competition influence unions?
It increases employer resistance to unions.
The most common unfair labor practice grievance relates to ______.
failure to bargain
One benefit of union membership that employers cannot provide employees is a(n) ______.
voice that is independent
Western European countries have ______.
more government regulation and higher union membership rates than the United States
Since the 1960s, government regulations have ______.
resulted in fewer areas where unions can provide worker rights beyond those specified by law
Scholars assert that the United States has a more pragmatic, business-oriented unionism due to the absence of ______ like that found in western Europe. (Select all that apply.)
feudalism
class distinctions
Which part of the United States is less heavily organized than the rest?
South
Which of the following employee rights were protected in Section 7 of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)? (Select all that apply.)
the right to join a labor union
the right to bargain collectively
"Concerted activity" is protected by the ______.
National Labor Relations Act
Which of the following are unfair employer labor practices identified in the NLRA? (Select all that apply.)
impeding the creation of a labor union
discriminating against workers who are union members
refusing to bargain collectively with certain unions
The attitude of American workers toward unions ______.
is one of significant interest
Which of the following are factors related to unions themselves that contributed to a decline in union membership? (Select all that apply.)
inability to adjust to structural economic shifts
corruption
What legislation, passed in 1935, ensured that collective bargaining would be the favored method to resolve conflict between managers and workers?
National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
Which of the following are examples of union unfair labor practices as defined by the 1947 Taft-Hartley Act? (Select all that apply.)
threatening employees with physical violence to coerce them to join the union
picketing in a way that prevents nonstriking workers from entering company premises
Taking action on behalf of a group in order to address working conditions is an example of ______, regardless of whether employees are represented by a union or not.
concerted activity
Which of the following are the major functions of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)? (Select all that apply.)
to stop labor practices that are unfair
to manage and verify representation elections of unions
Unfair labor practices by employers are identified and spelled out in which section of the NLRA?
Section 8
True or false: The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), when passed in 1935, did not spell out any unfair labor practices by labor unions.
True
When considering union membership, people question if there is a gap between actual compensation and what they ______.
believe they should receive
True or false: The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) does not commence actions when unfair labor practices occur, but instead responds to formal requests for action.
True
Which of the following may occur when more than 50 percent of employees in the bargaining unit sign authorization cards?
The union may request that the employer voluntarily recognizes it.
Which of the following are examples of conduct that would require the NLRB to discount an election? (Select all that apply.)
A manager makes a speech on company time to workers less than 24 hours before an election.
A union representative promises workers that the union will increase workers' pay.
A union representative uses physical force against a worker to influence how she votes.
A form of union membership by which the union receives dues in exchange for services but does not provide representation in collective bargaining is referred to as a(n)______ union membership.
associate
What are the two questions that are asked when people decide to join a union? (Select all that apply.)
Is there a mismatch between employment circumstances and expectations?
Is union membership the most effective means of change?
A union initiates a corporate campaign to raise the wages for miners in the United States. What types of pressure can this exert on mine owners and operators? (Select all that apply.)
political
public
financial
The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) holds a union representation election when at least ______% of employees in the bargaining unit sign authorization cards?
30
When negotiating a first contract, unions are unable to accomplish this task in ______% of cases.
27-37
Which organization works to make sure that employees have the ability to make up their own minds regarding union membership?
NLRB
Which of the following would be a likely reason employees might opt for associate union membership?
They wish to join a union but their workplace is not organized by a union.
The part of the labor-management negotiation process that focuses on dividing a fixed economic "pie" is referred to as ______.
distributive bargaining
Union activities that intend to exert public, financial or political pressure on employers during the union-organizing process are known as ______ campaigns.
corporate
Labor-management contracts vary from each other in their ______.
bargaining structure
The aspect of the labor-management negotiation process that refers to the relationship and level of trust between the negotiators is called ______.
attitudinal structuring
Which of the following are recommendations made by Fossum for management preparing for negotiation with a union? (Select all that apply.)
Agree upon goals to work toward in the negotiation.
Be ready for a strike.
Understand how much saying "yes" to union demands may cost the company.
Which of the following are among the principles suggested by Fisher and Ury in their book Getting to Yes? (Select all that apply.)
Establish that the outcome of the negotiations process should be grounded on an objective benchmark.
Differentiate between the problem and the people involved.
Brainstorm numerous possibilities before deciding what course to take.
The part of the labor-management negotiation process that seeks solutions beneficial to both sides is referred to as ______, bargaining
integrative
An important element in the relative power of employers and unions during collective bargaining is the ability of each party to withstand a(n) ______.
strike
If a company has a number of different production facilities, how able would the company be to deal with a workers' strike?
very able
Considering the attitudinal structure in a given management and labor relationship, when the relationship is poor, it may be difficult for the two sides to engage in which of the following?
integrative bargaining
Fossum recommends that in preparing for a negotiation that management prepare for a potential strike. Which of the following are actions management might consider when completing this planning? (Select all that apply.)
lining up replacement workers
ensuring facilities' security
When negotiating contracts, Fisher and Ury suggest separating the ______ from the problem.
people
The conflicting goals of employers and unions are resolved ______.
through a negotiation process
The impasse resolution procedure that has a facilitator with no formal authority is called _____.
mediation
Which of the following are conditions under which management can weather a strike? (Select all that apply.)
A company is not highly labor-intensive.
Demand for a product is not very strong.
Unemployment rates are high.
A fact finder, a person who reports reasons for labor-management disputes and offers ideas for resolution, is most frequently used in disputes that occur in the _____.
public sector
A procedure for resolving collective bargaining impasses in which a person with no formal authority acts as a facilitator and go-between in negotiations is referred to as _____.
mediation
Which of the following impasse resolution procedures results in a settlement (in theory) every time?
arbitration
As required by the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), the duty of ______ representation is a requirement for all members of a bargaining unit to have equal access to and representation by the union.
fair
A person who reports on the reasons for the labor-management dispute and the views and arguments of both sides and offers a nonbinding recommendation for settling the dispute is called a(n) ______.
fact finder
There are ______ steps in an employee-initiated grievance.
4
Which of the following are objectives for reducing the antagonism in relations between labor and management? (Select all that apply.)
decreasing work rules and increasing management flexibility
increasing worker commitment, motivation, and problem solving
Which of the following are outcomes that are pursued by management in labor relations? (Select all that apply.)
control
costs
increase productivity of workers
______ is a procedure for resolving collective bargaining impasses by which a designated person chooses a solution to the dispute.
Arbitration
What are possible reasons why there may be a lack of employees using the grievance procedure? (Select all that apply.)
Employees are afraid to file a grievance.
Employees do not think the negotiations process can be effectual.
During which step of the grievance procedure is the grievance written down and submitted to the appropriate manager?
Step 2
In 2016 most of the strikes in the United States involved ______.
white-collar workers
Which of the following are programs that seek to decrease the adversarial relationship between labor and management? (Select all that apply.)
profit sharing with employees
labor-management problem solving teams
self-managed employee teams
Which of the following are outcomes that are pursued by labor unions in labor relations? (Select all that apply.)
determining work rules
increasing compensation
Generally, when management deals with employees, they ______.
deal with them as individuals
Data on strikes confirm which of the following statements? (Select all that apply.)
Scant labor hours are lost to strikes in the overall picture.
Strikes tend to be an exception to normal circumstances.
Strikes are more common among white-collar personnel.
How do unions increase productivity?
They allow workers a greater voice to give suggestions to management.
Compared to nonunion workers, union members tend to ______.
earn higher wages
How do unions directly and indirectly affect company profits? (Select all that apply.)
The research and development budget is lower when there are unions.
Strikes can decease profits for suppliers of the struck companies.
Firms become more competitive when unions are weakened.
True or false: The United States has a higher percentage of employees who are unionized than any other country.
False
Public sector workers have ______.
seen substantial union growth among white-collar workers
What are the three ways unions decrease productivity? (Select all that apply.)
Strikes and slowdowns cause lost production.
The contract with the union limits the amount and type of work an employee can do.
Unions have a(n) ______ effect on company profits.
largely negative
A survey showed that about ______ of nonunion workers were covered in a management controlled representation system.
33%
Which of the following countries has the lowest unionization rate (union density)?
United States
Which of the following statements describe the situation with public-sector unions? (Select all that apply.)
Local employees strike more than federal employees.
Teachers have two of the largest unions in the nation.
Federal employee strikes are illegal.
Which of the following decisions is an organization most likely to make at the functional level?
contract negotiations and union organizing
Which of the following statements is true about the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)?
Its jurisdiction is based on the commerce clause of the U.S. Constitution.
At the most general level, the NLRB holds a union representation election if at least ________ of employees in the bargaining unit sign authorization cards.
30 percent
Which of the following parts of the labor-management negotiation process focuses on the conflicting objectives of factions within labor and management?
intraorganizational bargaining
Which of the following is the last step in a typical employee-initiated grievance procedure?
The grievance is appealed to arbitration for a binding decision.
The transformational approach to labor-management relations is
low in frequency of conflicts.
When compared to traditional labor relations, transformational labor relations are associated with
lower costs.
Mishna works as an electrician in a manufacturing company, and he is a member of the local union. When Mishna is assigned work in a new unit where the safety measures are not as good as in the main production unit, he raises his concerns to the management. Mishna can be said to have followed the ________ mechanism.
voice
Which of the following statements is true about unionization and coverage in the United States?
The unionization rate and coverage in the United States are low compared to those in Western Europe.
Which of the following statements is true of union operations in the public sector?
Much of the growth has occurred in the service sector and among white-collar employees.
Sets with similar termsHuman Resource Management Chapter 14
60 terms
ncavalcanti
HRM CH 14
45 terms
denton_bosco
Sets found in the same folderOBHR - Chapter 12
86 terms
star2144
OBHR - Chapter 11
90 terms
star2144
OBHR - Chapter 13
92 terms
star2144
OBHR Chapter 7
126 terms
star2144
Other sets by this creatorACCT3341-Test 3
37 terms
star2144
FIN 3320: Chapters 10-14 Vocabulary
64 terms
star2144
FIN3320 Textbook Terms Ch 6-9
97 terms
star2144
FIN 3320 - DuPont System
15 terms
star2144
Other Quizlet setsNursing 3 Final - F&E
17 terms
derrik-chrisler
Physio 2 Exam 4 Study Guide Labs 22-26
20 terms
NancyLepeshPLUS
PSYCH research and stats
41 terms
Souhiala877
Lab 6 Gases
15 terms
Izzy_xolol
Related questionsQUESTION
When it insures a home loan, FHA tries to minimize its risk by requiring
9 answers
QUESTION
Which court case outlawed segregation in public schools?
14 answers
QUESTION
T/F: When outrageous conduct consists of speech about a public figure, the First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of speech limits emotional distress claims
15 answers
QUESTION
Type 2: Residence with Significant Rental Use ("vacation home" or "hybrid" property)
3 answers