According to the textbook, which of the following ethical questions might be posed specifically in reference to a reversal design?
Is it ethical to remove an effective treatment?
In interrogating the statistical validity of Dr. Anderson’s study, which of the following might be asked?
By what margin did W.J.’s calorie intake improve?
Which of the following is true of the difference between large-N experiments and small-N experiments?
Each person in a small N design is treated as a separate experiment
If a researcher in concerned about external validity, which of the following would you recommend with regard to conducting small N designs?
Compare the results of a small N design with other studies.
In addition to measuring the group of participants who joined a fraternity/sorority, Dr. Fletcher decides to give the same measure to another group of 55 participants who decided to not join a fraternity/sorority. This type of design is known as a/an:
Nonequivalent control group design
In addition to measuring the group of participants who joined a fraternity/sorority, Dr. Fletcher decides to give the same measure to another group of 55 participants who decided to not join a fraternity/sorority. Doing this would help Dr. Fletcher address all of the following threats to internal validity EXCEPT:
In which of the following ways are correlational designs similar to quasi experimental design?
They both suffer from possible threats to internal validity
In conducting quasi experimental designs, researchers tend to give up some____ in exchange for _______.
Internal validity; external validity
Which of the following is an independent groups quasi experimental design
Nonequivalent control group design
The fact that the researcher does not have experimental control over the independent variable and does not randomly assign participants to conditions results in a quasi-experimental design with results in which of the following?
A weaker causal claim than a true experiment
A small N design that involves providing treatment and then removing treatment is known as:
Why do quasi experiments tend to have very good construct validity for the independent variable?
They use real-world manipulations/experiences
Which of the following designs has elements of both a within-group design and an independent-groups design?
Nonequivalent groups interrupted time-series design
In addition to measuring the body concern of the participants who joined a fraternity/sorority both immediately before and immediately after they join Dr. Fletcher measure them for three weeks after. This type of design would be able to better address which of the following threats to internal validity?
Seeing stability in a stable-baseline design can help rule out which of the following threats to internal validity.
Which of the following makes Dr. LaGuardia's quasi-experimental study different from a correlational study?
He used members of a real sports team rather than members of the general population.
Dr. Natchez, a collegue of Dr. Anderson questions whether W.J. simply wrote down less in his journal as the study went on because he grew tired of completing this “measure”. Dr. Natchez believes he has uncovered which of the following threats to internal validity?
Which of the following is true of the difference between large N experiments and small N experiments?
Each person in a small N design is treated as a separate experiment
In addition to measuring the group of participants who joined a fraternity/sorority, Dr. Fletcher decides to give the same measure to another group of 55 participants who decided to not join a fraternity/sorority. This type of design is known as a/an:
Nonequivalent control group design
The degree to which a quasi-experiment supports a causal claim depends on which of the following:
Its design and its results
In addition to measuring the group of participants who joined a fraternity/sorority, Dr. Fletcher decides to give the same measure to another group of 55 participants who decided to not join a fraternity/sorority. Doing this would help Dr. Fletcher address all of the following threats to internal validity EXCEPT:
Which of the following aspects of Dr. Anderson’s study might be susceptible to observer bias?
The conversion by Dr. Anderson of the food journal entries into calories consumed
Which of the following can NOT typically be applied to a small N experiment?
?If Dr. Anderson wanted to keep the same general design, she could use all the following baselines EXCEPT
In addition to measuring the group of participants who joined a fraternity/sorority, Dr. Fletcher decides to give the same measure to another group of 55 participants who decided to not join a fraternity/sorority. After conducting the study, Dr. Fletcher finds out that the people who joined a fraternity/sorority all saw a documentary on body image sponsored by the InterGreek Council the night before recruitment began. This threat to internal validity is known as a:
The fact that the researcher does not have experimental control over the independent variable and does not randomly assign participants to conditions results in a quasi-experimental design with results in which of the following?
A weaker causal claim than a true experiment
A wait-list design is helpful in dealing with which of the following threats to internal validity?
The degree to which a quasi-experiment supports a causal claim depends on which of the following:
Its design and its results
What type of small N design has Dr. Anderson used with W.J.?
In which of the following ways are correlational designs similar to quasi-experimental designs?
They both suffer from possible threats to internal validity.
Which of the following people would be of most interest for a small-N design?
A person diagnosed with schizophrenia
Which of the following is a within-groups quasi-experimental design?
Interrupted time-series design
In examining the external validity of her study, Dr. Anderson is probably most concerned about making sure her study generalizes to:
She is probably not very concerned about external validity
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using quasi-experimental design?
They allow researchers to disregard internal validity
How does a researcher who conducts a small-N design address external validity concerns about his study?
Triangulates his findings with other findings
If a researcher is concerned about external validity, which of the following would you recommend with regard to conducting small-N designs?
Compare the results of a small-N design with other studies.
In which of the following ways are correlational designs similar to quasi-experimental designs?
They both suffer form threats to internal validity
Which of the following is a difference between true experiments and quasi-experiments
Quasi-experiments do not use random assignment
The degree to which a quasi-experiment supports a causal claim depends on which of the following:
Its design and its results
Which of the following is NOT a small-N design?
Interrupted time-series design
In addition to measuring the group of participants who joined a fraternity/sorority, Dr. Fletcher decides to give the same measure to another group of 55 participants who decided to not join a fraternity/sorority. Doing this would help Dr. Fletcher address all of the following threats to internal validity EXCEPT:
Which of the following topics would NOT be especially well-suited to a quasi-experimental design?
Does forced evacuation in the face of a natural disaster decrease coping ability?
Dr. Grayson decides to conduct her study again, but in the new study, she studies people at a sit-down restaurant, and she manipulates whether the menu they use at the table has pictures or not. This is known as which of the following?
A researcher in theory-testing mode focuses on ________, while a researcher in generalization mode focuses on ________.
Internal validity; external validity
According to the textbook, which of the following is NOT a component of WEIRD people?
A cultural psychologist would be most interested in which of the following sets of participants?
A sample of Taiwanese grandparents
Dr. Grayson wants to conduct her study again, but this time she wants to conduct it in her laboratory. She wants people to feel and act the same way in her laboratory that they would when facing ordering choices in an actual fast food restaurant. To this end, she must try to enhance which of the following?
Which of the following is NOT a reason that psychologists especially value meta-analyses?
Meta-analyses take less time to conduct.
Mark decides to conduct the exact same study again to ensure that he can find the same difference between the groups a second time. This study is known as a:
Which of the following is true of a scientific literature?
It comprises studies conducted with different methods.
In a conceptual replication, the ________ are the same but the ________ are different from the original study.
Variables; operationalization
Psychologists use which of the following strategies to determine a study’s replicability
When generalizing the results of a sample to a population, which of the following is the most important question to ask?
How were the participants sampled
Which of the following is NOT a major type of replication?
another word for replicable is
Which of the following is true of experimental realism?
It supports external validity.
According to the textbook, what is the problem with WEIRD samples?
They are not very representative of the world’s population.
Who determines the population to which a study’s findings generalize?
What does it mean when a study cannot be replicated by an independent researcher?
The importance of the finding should be interpreted cautiously
A study conducted in the “real world” is often said to be conducted in:
Cindy decides to conduct a meta-analysis examining the relationship between daily stress and cardiovascular health for her senior psychology research project. Which of the following is NOT a step Cindy will do in conducting her meta-analysis?
Mark decides to conduct a variation of the original study in which he measures participants’ ability to solve verbal analogies as the cognitive task instead of measuring their ability to solve math problems. He finds that people who drink caffeine beforehand solve more verbal analogies than those who drink water beforehand, suggesting caffeine consumption causes improved cognitive performance. This study is known as a:
Why do studies conducted in theory-testing mode de-emphasize ecological validity?
Internal validity is the highest priority for theory testing
Which of the following is true of experimental realism
it supports external validity
Which of the following types of study does NOT support external validity?
a study that is a direct replication
The text states that the first in establishing a study's importance is to establish its ______.