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Aim: investigate the long-term relationship between poverty or low socioeconomic status, cumulative risk factors and physiological stress
Procedure: 200 7 year olds. Measured blood pressure and cortisol levels. Stress regulation was assessed by measurement of the heart's reactivity to a standard acute stressor, and recovery after exposure to the stressor. Exposure to risk factors such as substandard housing, and family violence were included to have a measure of cumulative stress factors.
Results: there was a positive correlation between long-term exposure to a social risk factors on physiological measure of stress. A greater number of years spent living in poverty correlated with more elevated cortisol levels and more problems for the heart to recover after exposure to the stressor.
Conclusion: there is a negative effect on the stress regulation system in children from poor backgrounds an that this effect can be explained by the cumulative risk
factors associated with chronic poverty in children. Socioeconomically deprived children are exposed to a number of social stressors that disadvantage their development and health.
- experience more family violence, separation from their families, and chaotic households
Accumulation of risk factors and the lack of protective factors associated with poverty seem to have long-term effects on both physical and mental health