A microscope is set to 10x eyepiece and 45x objective. what is the total magnification

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Microscopes magnify the tiniest inhabitants of this world. From the minute details of cells to the delicate cilia of paramecium to the intricate workings of Daphnia, microscopes reveal many miniscule secrets. Calculating total magnification uses simple observation and basic multiplication.

Basic Microscope Design

Microscopes use lenses to magnify objects. A simple microscope uses only one lens; a magnifying glass could be called a simple microscope. The magnification of a simple microscope doesn't need any calculation because the single lens is usually labeled. A hand-lens, for example, might be labeled with 10x, meaning the lens magnifies the object to look ten times larger than the actual size.

Compound microscopes use two or more lenses to magnify the specimen. The standard school microscope combines two lenses, the ocular and one objective lens, to magnify the object. The ocular or eyepiece is found at the top of the body tube. The objective lens points down toward the object to be magnified. Most microscopes have three or four objective lenses mounted on a rotating nosepiece. Rotating the nosepiece lets the viewer change the magnification. Different objective lenses provide different magnification options.

Finding Lens Magnification

Finding the magnification of each lens requires examining the casing of each lens. On the side of the casing is a series of numbers that includes a number followed by x, as 10x. This 10x shows that the lens magnifies an object to appear ten times larger than reality. Depending on the manufacturer, this magnification number may appear at the beginning or at the end of the number sequence. To calculate total magnification, find the magnification of both the eyepiece and the objective lenses. The common ocular magnifies ten times, marked as 10x. The standard objective lenses magnify 4x, 10x and 40x. If the microscope has a fourth objective lens, the magnification will most likely be 100x.

Calculating Magnification

Once the magnification of each individual lens is known, calculating total magnification is simple math. Multiply the magnification of the lenses together. For example, if the eyepiece magnification is 10x and the objective lens in use has a magnification of 4x, the total magnification is:

10\times 4 = 40

The total magnification of 40 means that the object appears forty times larger than the actual object. If the viewer changes to the 10x objective lens, the total magnification will be the ocular's 10x magnification multiplied by the new objective lens's 10x magnification, calculated as:

10\times 10 = 100

Note that calculating magnification in telescopes uses a different equation than calculating magnifiction in microscopes. For telescopes, one magnification calculation uses the focal lengths of the telescope and the eyepiece. That calculation is:

\text{magnification}=\frac{\text{focal length of telescope}}{\text{focal length of eyepiece}}

Like the microscope, these numbers usually can be found on the telescope.

what is the total magnification of a microscope

The total magnification depends upon the power of the ocular times the power of the objective lens. So in a typical lab microscope you would likely find a 10X ocular and three or four objective lenses: 4X, 10X, 40X (45X in some scopes, and 100X. The total magnification for each of these would be 40X, 100X, 400X (450X), and 1000X. Some older scopes have 47X and 97X as objective lenses so those would be 470X and 970X. If you need the total magnification for the microscope you used, you’ll have to get it from the microscope itself! To calculate the total magnification, you multiply the power of the ocular lens by the power of the objective lens. For example, if your ocular lens has a power of 10x and your objective lens has a power of 5x, your total magnification will be 50x. Do that simple task for each of what you asked and you will be good to go. Don’t forget to include the “x” in your answers.

M = Mo x Me
find Mo
the object is placed just outside the focal length of objective lens
Mo = – di/do and di = 16 cm , do = 0.8
Mo = – 16 / 0.8 = -20
find Me
the object (the image from objective lens) is place just inside the focal length
di = -25 cm , do = 2.5 cm
Me = – (-25) / 2.5 = +10
so
M = -20 (+10) = -200

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