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Terms in this set (75)Nature vs. nurture and conscious vs. unconscious are considered ______ issues addressed by psychologist Key Where is an experimental psychologist most likely to work? University A _______ is a degree that requires the completion of original research, whereas a _____ is a degree for those wishing to focus on the treatment of psychological disorders PhD ______ is an historical approach advocated by William James that concentrated on mental processes and the purposes of the mind and behavior in the individuals adaptation to the environment Functionalism Conscious and unconscious is another major question of psychologists, which concerns how much of our _____ is produced by forces of which we are not completely aware Behavior 5 major perspectives Neuroscience A behaviorist might study Learning through conditioning In the observable behavior vs. internal mental processes debate, which is more important from the cognitive perspective Internal mental processes Determinism is the idea that behavior is a reflection of Factors beyond the control of the individual Free will is the idea that behavior is a reflexion of Choices made by the individual ______ are broad explanations and predictions concerning phenomena of interest Theories A ______ is a prediction stemming from a theory that stated in a way that allows it to be tested Hypothesis A hypothesis that is restated in a way that allows it to be testable is called Operational definition Shari is searching through census documents to determine if there is an increase in the amount of people living in poverty. This is an example of ______ research Archival When conducting a naturalistic observation, it is important that the researchers Not change the situations that they are observing Deidre is asking a sample of people about their opinions regarding women's rights. This is an example of Survey research True or false: case studies often focus on the personality of an individual person or group True A psychologist is studying the effects on education level. Height and education level would be considered Variables Research that involves determining the associating between two variables or two sets of variables is called ______ research Correlational A ______ is an investigation of the relationships between two or more variables by deliberately changing one variable in a controlled situation and observing the effects of that change on other aspects of the situation Experiment In an _____ the variable is manipulated by the experimenter Independent In an experiment, which variable is measured by the experimenter Dependent Random assignment to condition is a procedure where ____ are assigned to either the treatment or control group on the basis of chance Participants A _____ outcome is a meaningful result of an experiment as determined by statistical analysis Significant You are surprised at the outcome of an experiment which comes out very differently than you had anticipated. You should probably ____ the study to see if you get the same results Replicate Determinism is the idea that behavior is a reflection of Factors beyond the control of the individual True or false: a disadvantage of theories is they do not provide a unified, coherent framework with which to understand phenomena False Which is an important difficulty of conducting survey research that can affect the quality of the conclusions that can be drawn Finding a representative sample The results of a ____ study may be based on studying one individual and cannot be easily generalizable to the general population Case What would indicate a negative correlation Amount of time spent at the hospital decreases as the amount of time spent exercising increases The chance that an experimenter deliberately produces in an experiment is the experimental ______ Manipulation An experimental group is any group participating in an experiment that received a _____ Treatment The manipulation implemented by the experimenter is called the _____ Treatment In an experiment, the group that received no treatment is referred to as the _____ group Control The _____ variable is the value being controlled which affects the ______ variable Independent, dependent Latente and Darley experiment showed that as the size of the group witnessing an emergency increased, ____ behaviors decreased Helping Select four step process incluided in the scientific method -question of interest In which types of research are a group of people called the sample asked to compete questionares about their thoughts, feelings and behaviors Survey research It is hoped that advances in ___ allow psychologists to focus more on prevention of psychological disorders rather than only treatment Neuroscience Recent research has found a relationship between body fat and colon cancer in women. This means that There is a correlation between these variables The manipulation implemented by the experimenter is called the Treatment Researchers must protect the rights of participants. These rights include which of the following? Privacy The ____ _____ is the approach used by psychologists to acquire knowledge and increases understanding of studies topics Scientific method True or fase: deception in psychology research is not acceptable False ______ minimizes the risk of harm by telling participants about what to expect before they participate in research Informed consent Disadvantage of using college students in research College students are relatively more homogeneous sample; may not apply to general population Dr. Langley unintentionally transmits his expectations to his participants in an experiment. What bias is occurring Experimental bias If you are a participant in a case study and you think you know how you are supposed to behave this is an example of ____ expectations, whereas an experimenter smiling at you when you do what he or she expects is an example of ______ expectations Participant, experimenter Bias is least likely when conducting a study that involves Both double blind procedure and a placebo y The control group in a study looking at the effects of a drug on behavior would probably be administered a _____ to make them think beg were getting the druv Placebo When considering psychological studies an individual must consider which of the following when assessing whether the results are valid
Are the results due to how the independent variable was manipulated A subfield of psychology that studies how the brain and nervous system determine behavior is called Behavioral neuroscience If you meet a professor who says she studies how the size of the amygdala (a brain structure) affects a child's tendency to become a bully, in want field of psychology is she likely working Behavioral neuroscience In what field of psychology is the following researcher : Dr.White studies the process by which people remember common pieces of info such as name and numbers Cognitive A ____ psychologist might study how best to treat schizophrenia Clinical A _____ psychologist would most likely be interested in how you are adjusting to college Counseling Frank believes that the short temper comes from is family. This approach is an example of _____ psychology Evolutionary ______ genetics focus on the biological areas of psychology such as genes and chromosomes Behavioral _____ neuropsychology focuses on the origin of psychological disorders in biology factors Clinical Most psychologists work in the _____ settings Academic A third of people losing masters degrees in psychology are in ____ Social services I'm the observable behavior vs. internal mental processes debate, which is more important from the psychodynamic perspective Internal mental processes Behavioral perspective suggests that ____ when it comes to determining behavior Internal mental processes are unimportant The ____ perspective studies how people and non humans function biologically Neuroscience Viewing slips of the tongue as an indicator for a person actual feelings would be considered usage of the ____ perspective Psychodynamic Researchers must protect the rights of participants. These rights include Protection from physical and mental harm, privacy Each theoretical perspective has a position on nature vs. nurture. Which would emphasize nurture Humanistic and behavioral Someone taking the nature side of nature vs. nurture debate is arguing for the importance of Inheritance Philosopher ____ believed that the human mind is a blank slate, whereas ____ believed some knowledge is inborn John Locke, Rene Descartes Who was associated with the gestalt movement Max Wertheimer
Unlike other psychological perspectives, humanism focuses on Growth and control The _____ perspective focuses on how people think, understand, and know about the world Cognitive Unlike behavioral neuroscience, ___ neuroscience is a field that uses brain scans and other methods to understand interpersonal dynamics Social What is the major reason researchers sometimes prefer to use animals as opposed to human Im psychological research The shorter lifespan makes it easier to study he affects of aging If you take a class in personality psychology, which of the following topics is most likely to come up? The influence of conscientiousness on grades Recommended textbook solutions
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What are psychologists interested in studying?Psychologists study everything about the human experience from the basic workings of the human brain to consciousness, memory, reasoning and language to personality and mental health.
What would be of greatest interest to a cognitive psychologist?A cognitive psychologist is a mental health professional who seeks to understand the nature of human thought. Cognitive psychologists are generally most interested in topics such as problem-solving, retrieval and forgetting, reasoning, memory, attention, and auditory and visual perception.
What is a behavioral psychologist most likely to study?Behavioral psychology professionals assume that since all behavior is learned through the conditioning that occurs during interactions with an individual's environment, it can be analytically studied and observed. Behavioral psychologists also analyze how human actions affect decision-making processes.
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A(n) _____ psychologist would most likely be interested in how you are adjusting to college.
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