From Ballotpedia Show
All presidential appointments requiring Senate confirmation (PAS) must follow the appointment confirmation process before taking office. Although the number of PAS positions varies by administration, it typically includes all executive department secretaries, undersecretaries, and inspectors general. Some roles in independent agencies and commissions also require confirmation.[1] Recent administrations have included approximately 1,200 PAS positions.[2][3][4] The full list of positions for each administration can be found in the corresponding United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions, commonly referred to as the Plum Book.[5]
Confirmation processNominationSee also: Advice and ConsentBefore any nominations are made, the White House Office of Presidential Personnel vets a list of candidates, including suggestions provided by members of Congress and special interest groups.[6] A chosen nominee then must pass through a series of investigations by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internal Revenue Service, the Office of Government Ethics and an ethics official from the agency to which the position is assigned.[6] The nominee must also fill out the Public Financial Disclosure Report and questionnaires related to his or her background check. The process begins when the president provides a written nomination to the Senate, where it is read on the floor and assigned a number.[1] This starts the Senate's procedure of "Advice and Consent" laid out in Article II of the U.S. Constitution for the appointment of high ranking officials by the president.[1] Committee hearingsThe nomination is passed to the Senate committee with jurisdiction over the appointed position. Some PAS positions require a joint hearing of two or more committees.[1] Committee hearings allow a close examination of the nominee, looking for partisanship and views on public policy. They can also summon supporters and opponents to testify. Committees are permitted to conduct their own investigations into the nominees, as they are not always provided with the information gathered by the White House's investigation.[1][6] Once committee hearings are closed, most committees have a set amount of time before a vote is taken on whether the nominee is reported to the Senate favorably, unfavorably or without recommendation.[1] They also have the option not to take action on the nominee. If action is taken, the committee notifies the executive clerk. The nomination is then given a number and added to the Executive Calendar of the Senate.[1] Only one cabinet position since 1945 has been confirmed by the Senate after being reported as unfavorable by a committee. Henry A. Wallace was confirmed by the Senate by a vote of 56-32 to become the secretary of commerce on March 1, 1945.[7][8] Committee jurisdictionsThe following table outlines jurisdiction of the Senate committees in terms of the presidential appointment confirmation process. The left column indicates the Senate committee, and the right indicates the federal departments and administrations over which the committee has jurisdiction. For more information on each committee, follow the link in the left column.
Senate hearingsThe nomination must be on the Executive Calendar for more than one day before it can make it to the Senate floor for consideration.[1] Unanimous consent of the time and date for debate must be agreed upon by all senators.[6] If even one senator does not agree, a hold is placed on the nomination.[6] Once the nomination is considered by the Senate, unlimited debate is allowed until a majority of the Senate votes to invoke cloture and close debate. Following a vote of cloture, the Senate conducts a simple majority vote on whether to confirm, reject, or take no action on the nomination.[10] If a nomination is left pending at the end of a Congress, it must be sent back to the president who can then re-submit the nomination to the new Congress.[1] The same procedure holds true with any nominee not considered before the Senate enters a recess of more than 30 days, unless there is unanimous consent to bypass the procedure.[6] Presidential notificationFinally, the Senate's action on the nomination is sent to the president. All results are recorded in the Congressional Record.[1] See also
External links
Footnotes
Which of the following is an example of a regulatory agency quizlet?The Food and Drug Administration is an example of a regulatory agency; Congress gave it broad powers to supervise food and drug safety.)
Which group is most likely to live in poverty quizlet?A child is the most likely to live in poverty because children are especially at risk for poverty.
Which of the following criticisms have been leveled against the Fed since its inception in 1913?Which of the following criticisms have been leveled against the Fed since its inception in 1913? the Fed isn't accountable to voters.
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Compared to other cabinet-level agencies, the department of education is ______.
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