Home Subjects Expert solutions Create Log in Sign up Upgrade to remove ads Only ₩37,125/year
Review terms and definitions
Focus your studying with a path
Take a practice test
Get faster at matching terms Terms in this set (28)Solute what you put in the solvent to create a solution. Solvent what a solute is added to in order to create a solution Solution solute + solvent Stock a concentrated solution that will be diluted to some lower concentrate for use Molarity Equation M1V1=M2V2 Reaction rates
the speed of a reaction Increase in concentration of reactants on reaction rate an increase in concentration of reactants means there will be more molecules in the same volume of space so there will be more collisions. With more collisions there is a higher probability that there will be collisions with enough force and correct orientations so the rate of reactions will increase. Molarity moles of solution per liter of solution Dilution lower concentrate from stock Collision Theory 1. Molecules must collide to react Apply collision theory to explain why increasing the temperature of a reaction usually increases the reaction rate. If the temperature of a reaction is increased then the molecules have more kinetic energy. More kinetic energy means the molecules are traveling faster. The faster moving molecules will hit more frequently and they will also hit with more force. There will be a greater number of collisions that have the correct orientation and a force greater than the activation energy so the rate of the reaction will increase. The rule of thumb is if you increase the temperature by 10℃ the rate of the reaction will double. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposes to water and oxygen gas more rapidly when manganese dioxide is added. The manganese dioxide is not consumed in the reaction. Explain the role of the manganese dioxide in the reaction. Manganese dioxide is a catalyst. A catalyst speeds up the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy but it is not used up in the reaction. This is illustrated in the energy profile diagram on the below. Explain why a crushed solid reacts with a gas more quickly than a large chunk of the same solid. When a solid is crushed there is a larger surface area. With a larger surface area there are more molecules that will be able to react at the same time. With more frequent collisions the probability of the molecules hitting with enough force (E>Ea) and hitting with the correct orientation will increase. So the rate of the reaction will increase. List the four factors that affect the rate of a reaction: a. temperature Using the kinetic molecular theory (molecular collisions etc.), explain in your own words how changing surface area affects the rate of a chemical reaction. Increasing the surface area means that there are more molecules exposed to collisions. Increasing the number of collisions causes there to be a greater number of collisions that have the correct orientation and an energy greater than the activation energy so the rate of the reaction will increase. Using the Kinetic molecular theory, explain in your own words how increasing the temperature of the reactants affects the rate of a chemical reaction If the temperature of a reaction is increased then the molecules have more kinetic energy. More kinetic energy means the molecules are traveling faster. The faster moving molecules will hit more frequently and they will also hit with more force. There will be a greater number of collisions and therefore a greater number with correct orientation and enough energy to overcome the activation energy barrier. The greater force also makes it EVEN more likely that the molecules will collide with energy greater than the activation energy. Both of these cause the rate of the reaction to increase. Using the Kinetic molecular theory, explain in your own words how increasing the concentration of the reactants affects the rate of a chemical reaction. If we increase the concentration of the reactants there are be more molecules in the same volume so there will be more frequent collisions. With more frequent collisions the probability of the molecules hitting with enough force (E>Ea) and hitting with the correct orientation will increase. So the rate of the reaction will increase. Increasing the temperature of a reaction by 10℃ approximately doubles the rate of the reaction. What would be the effect of increasing the temperature of a reaction by 20℃? The rule of thumb is if you increase the temperature by 10℃ the rate of the reaction will double. So if the reaction rate is raised by twenty degrees it will double for the first ten degrees and double that for the second ten degrees so if you raise the temperature of a reaction by 20℃ you will increase the rate by 2X2 or quadruple the rate. Given the reaction: aA + bB → cC + dD rate = k [A]m [B]n Any letters that are not a, b can be used for the rate orders. (x,y) Given the reaction: aA + bB → cC + dD There is no relationship between m and n (the rate orders) and a and b (the coefficients of the balanced equation). (m≠ a and n≠b) Given the reaction: aA + bB → cC + dD The rate constant takes into account the temperature, the activation energy, and the orientation requirements of the collisions. What does the size of k indicate about the rate of a reaction? A large k means a fast reaction rate and a small k means a slow reaction rate. What is the order of a reaction Order is the power of each reactant. Balance the following equations and write the equilibrium
expression for each. K= (〖[H_2]〗^2 [S_2])/〖[H_2 S]〗^2 Balance the following equations and write the equilibrium expression for each. K= ([O_2])/〖[CO_2]〗^2 Solids are never included in an equilibrium expression. Balance the following equations and
write the equilibrium expression for each. K=1/([SO_3]) Liquids are never included in an equilibrium expression. what is K the ration of products to reactants @ equilibrium What is Q the ratio of products to reactants @ anytime Recommended textbook solutions
 Foundations of Physical Science (Florida Edition)3rd EditionTom C. Hsu 1,687 solutions
Science Fusion Ohio Student Edition Worktext Grade 81st EditionHolt McDougal 421 solutions Chemistry: Matter and Change, FloridaMcGraw-Hill Education 3,135 solutions Physical Science with Earth and Space Science1st EditionRinehart, Winston and Holt 1,491 solutions Sets with similar termsCollision theory and reaction rates29 terms Max_Galbraith Chem 1330- Ch 13102 terms emilymonty Rates of Reaction126 terms emmatorkington Chemical Kinetics43 terms finna8 Sets found in the same folderChemistry: Atoms & Atomic Theory22 terms phoenix_jasper Atomic Theory Test GSMST46 terms Alexander_Merryman2 Chemistry Study Guide: Chapter 625 terms theduker6 Thermochem32 terms rebeccasmith29 Other sets by this creatorScience Test 18 terms drizzybrown16 Poetic Terms28 terms drizzybrown16 Verified questions
CHEMISTRY The compound HOCI is known, but the related compound HCIO, with a different order for the atoms in the molecule, is not known. Calculations suggest that the activat ion energy for the conversion HOC! → HCIO is 311 kJ mol^-1 and that for the conversion HCIO → HOC! is 31 kJ mol^-1. Estimate ΔU for the reaction HOC! → HCIO. Verified answer
PHYSICAL SCIENCE Sea water is a solution that contains dissolved sodium chloride, dissolved magnesium chloride, and many other dissolved ions. Suppose you have a sample of seawater that contains mud and sand. What is the simplest way to get clear sea water from this mixture? Could you use distillation to separate the sea water from the mud? Explain your answer. Verified answer
CHEMISTRY (a) Methane (melting point 91 K) and tetrafluoromethane (melting point 89 K) do not form solid solutions with each other, and as liquids they are only partially miscible. The upper critical temperature of the liquid mixture is 94 K at $x(CF_4) = 0.43$ and the eutectic temperature is 84 K at $x(CF_4) = 0.88.$ At 86 K, the phase in equilibrium with the tetrafluoromethane-rich solution changes from solid methane to a methane-rich liquid. At that temperature, the two liquid solutions that are in mutual equilibrium have the compositions $x(CF_4) = 0.10$ and $x(CF_4) = 0.80.$ Sketch the phase diagram. (b) Describe the phase changes that take place when a liquid mixture of 4.0 mol $B_2H_6$ (melting point 131 K) and 1.0 mol $CH_3OCH_3$ (melting point 135 K) is cooled from 140 K to 90 K. These substances form a compound $(CH_3)_2OB_2H_6$ that melts congruently at 133 K. The system exhibits one eutectic at $x(B_2H_6) = 0.25$ and 123 K and another at $x(B_2H_6)$ = 0.90 and 104 K. Verified answer
CHEMISTRY The reaction between ethyl iodide and hydroxide ion in ethanol $$ (C_2H_5OH) $$ solution, $$ \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } \mathrm { H } _ { 5 } \mathrm { I } ( a l c ) + \mathrm { OH } \quad ( a l c ) \longrightarrow \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } \mathrm { H } _ { 5 } \mathrm { OH } ( l ) + \mathrm { I } ^ { - } ( a l c ) $$ has an activation energy of 86.8 kJ/mol and a frequency factor of $$ 2.10 \times 10 ^ { 11 } M ^ { - 1 } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 } $$ Which reagent in the reaction is limiting, assuming the reaction proceeds to completion? Verified answer Other Quizlet setsRespiration and Phonation / Anatomy of P…38 terms davis442 Management 239 terms Mike_Smith30 GOVT Exam 348 terms alvaradoliana Planning Personal Finances24 terms Luis_Martinez852 Related questionsQUESTION what two natures does light have 6 answers QUESTION A baseball player hits a ball. Which is the best description of the energy of the ball as it flies over the pitcher's head? 10 answers QUESTION At 298K and 100 kPa, the oxygen produced occupied a volume of 1.22 x 10^-4, find the moles of oxygen 6 answers QUESTION Adjusted Colligative Property Equations for Electrolyte Solutions 3 answers |
Explain why a crushed solid reacts with a gas more quickly than a large chunk of the same solid
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 defrojeostern Inc.
