The single most important element in managerial economics is the microeconomic theory of the firm. Show
b. False A theoretical model attempts to identify every possible determinant of an event.
b. False Managerial economics involves the application of economic theory and decision science.
b. False Management decision problems are not encountered by government agencies or non-profit organizations.
b. False Management decision problems typically involve objectives and constraints.
b. False The economic theory of the firm assumes that businesses attempt to maximize their contribution to social welfare.
b. False The ultimate test of the value of an economic theory is whether it is based on reasonable assumptions.
b. False Mathematical economics involves the application of statistical tools to estimate economic models.
b. False The functional areas of business administration are largely irrelevant to the study of managerial economics.
b. False Most of the goods and services in the United States are produced by government and the rest are produced by firms and not-for-profit organizations.
b. False Firms exist because they facilitate the efficient organization of factors of production.
b. False The function of a firm is to purchase resources and then to transform them into goods and services and offer them for sale.
b. False The value of a firm is equal to the sum of all future profits that will be generated by the firm.
b. False If there was no inflation, the value of a dollar received now would be greater than the value of a dollar received a year from now.
b. False The concept of the circular flow of economic activity illustrates the point that all economic activities are interdependent.
b. False The theory of the firm holds that the primary goal of a firm is to maximize the discounted present value of the positive difference between the firm's total revenue and the firm's total cost or to minimize the present value of the negative difference between the firm's total revenue and total cost.
b. False The value of a firm will increase if there is a reduction in the uncertainty associated with the firm's cash flows.
b. False An increase in the uncertainty associated with a firm's cash flows will cause a decrease in the discount rate that is applied to the valuation of the firm.
b. False Profit is a constraint on the operation of a firm.
b. False The value of a firm under constrained optimization is generally below what it would be under unconstrained optimization.
b. False The firm, as an organizational structure, exists in order to reduce transactions costs.
b. False Transaction cost refers to the price paid for a good or service.
b. False The costs of negotiating and enforcing contracts are transaction costs.
b. False Firms purchase goods and services from other firms, instead of producing the goods and services internally, because it will reduce transaction costs.
b. False The principal-agent problem can occur when the person who manages a firm is not the owner of the firm.
b. False Satisficing refers to the fact that profit maximization by corporate managers is a way of satisfying stockholders.
b. False Alternative theories of the firm have proven to be more satisfactory than the theory of profit maximization.
b. False Business profit is generally greater than economic profit.
b. False The wages paid to workers employed by a firm are an example of an explicit cost.
b. False Sales taxes paid to the state by a retail firm are an example of an implicit cost.
b. False Business profit is equal to total revenue minus all implicit costs.
b. False A building owned by a firm has an explicit cost of zero, but its implicit cost is not zero.
b. False Businesses are taxed on the basis of their economic profit.
b. False Implicit costs refer to the value of inputs owned and used by a firm.
b. False Economic profit is equal to total revenue minus all implicit costs.
b. False Business profit minus economic profit is equal to the total of all implicit costs.
b. False Economic cost is equal to the sum of explicit and implicit costs.
b. False Firms that operate in industries with relatively high levels of risk tend to have lower levels of profit.
b. False In the long run, competitive firms tend to earn risk-adjusted levels of economic profit equal to zero.
b. False The frictional theory of profits holds that firms in a competitive industry can have economic profits that differ from zero for long periods of time.
b. False The monopoly theory of profits argues that restricted entry into an industry tends to keep profits low.
b. False The idea that profits are a form of reward for the successful introduction of a new product or process is the frictional theory of profit.
b. False The managerial efficiency theory of profit holds that firms that enjoy higher levels of profit do so because they are more efficient than their competitors.
b. False Economic profit is an important mechanism for the efficient reallocation of resources in a free-enterprise economy.
b. False Managerial economics is largely independent of the internationalization of economic activity.
b. False Business ethics refers to enforceable laws of business conduct.
b. False Business ethics provides quidelines as to what is acceptable behavior in business transactions.
b. False Many firms have responded to the need for ethical behavior by establishing codes of ethical behavior.
b. False Firms typically provide employees with a list of all possible forms of unethical behavior.
b. False The Internet has had very little impact on the way that business is conducted.
b. False What are people producing goods and services called?Producers – Those who use productive resources (see below) to make goods or to supply services. Producers can be individuals, proprietorships, families, partnerships, or corporations. The goal of the producer is to maximize profit given the quality and quantity of the 4 key resources.
What do we call any good that is owned by an individual or a business?private good, a product or service produced by a privately owned business and purchased to increase the utility, or satisfaction, of the buyer. The majority of the goods and services consumed in a market economy are private goods, and their prices are determined to some degree by the market forces of supply and demand.
What is a business that sells goods or services directly to the public?A retailer sells products and services directly to the public in person, online, or through a combination of both. Retailers purchase goods from manufacturers and wholesalers and resell them to customers for a profit.
Are individuals who purchase and use goods and services to?Consumers are people who buy or use goods and services to satisfy their wants.
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Goods and services are purchased by businesses as well as by individuals true or false
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