How would a researcher determine consistency for a performance curve graph that presented kinematic data eg displacement over blocks of multiple trials quizlet?

Scheduled maintenance: Thursday, December 8 from 5PM to 6PM PST

Show

    Home

    Subjects

    Expert solutions

    Create

    Log in

    Sign up

    Upgrade to remove ads

    Only ₩37,125/year

    • Flashcards

    • Learn

    • Test

    • Match

    • Flashcards

    • Learn

    • Test

    • Match

    Terms in this set (85)

    The duration of the "quiet eye" period tends to be __________ in elite performers compared to sub-elite performers.
    A.Longer
    B. More variable
    C. Harder to determine
    D. Shorter

    A.

    Ericsson and colleagues refer to the type of practice that is essential for the attainment of expertise as:
    A. Repetitive practice
    B. Deliberate practice
    C. Mental practice
    D. Physical practice

    B

    Performing the same skill one week after practice is required for this learning assessment:
    A. Practice observation
    B. Transfer test
    C. Performance test
    D. Retention test

    D

    A researcher from the area of __________ would be interested in how massed versus distributed practice influences the acquisition of a skill.
    A. Motor Control
    B. Motor Learning
    C. Motor Development
    D. None of the above

    B

    Demonstration should be the preferred method of providing information about how to perform a motor skill.
    True
    False

    False

    The triple jump is a track and field event that requires a performer to run down a runway and then to perform a hop, skip, and jump sequence. The hop, skip, and jump portion of the skill is an example of (an):
    A. Open motor skill
    B. Continuous motor skill
    C. Discrete motor skill
    D. Serial motor skill

    D

    A researcher discovers that compared to controls, elite gymnasts have lower resting-state intra-network functional connectivity in the basal ganglia, the anterior default mode network and the left and right frontoparietal networks. Which of the following explains this observation?
    A. Elite gymnasts have less connected brain regions
    B. The elite gymnasts' brains have greater efficiency
    C. The elite gymnasts' brains have less efficiency
    D. Both a and b

    B

    The degrees of freedom problem, which the nervous system must solve so that a person can achieve the action goal of a complex motor skill, involves determining:
    A. The amount of force needed to achieve an action goal
    B. If an open-loop or closed-loop system is needed to control the action
    C. The organization of muscles, limbs, and joints needed to achieve an action goal
    D. Which environmental cues are relevant for performing the skill

    C

    A basketball player is very nervous about her upcoming game and to try to calm her nerves is visualizing her previous game where she scored many points. What system of long-term memory is being accessed?
    A. Semantic
    B. Central Executive
    C. Episodic
    D. Procedural

    C

    Research has shown that to achieve the best learning of skills that require both speed and accuracy, the initial verbal instructions should emphasize:
    A. Both speed and accuracy
    B. Either speed or accuracy
    C. Speed rather than accuracy
    D. Accuracy rather than speed

    D

    Which of the following provides support for the motor control explanation for bilateral transfer?
    A. EMG activity in the non-performing limb when the opposite limb performs the skill
    B. Kinematic characteristics are similar for performance of the skill by each limb
    C. EEG activity during practice with one limb
    D. The cognitive processing similarity for performing the skill with each limb

    A

    Which of the following has the highest degree of stimulus-response compatibility? Three response buttons are located on a table top; three stimulus lights are located:
    A. In a vertical arrangement beside the set of response buttons
    B. In a horizontal arrangement beside the set of response buttons
    C. On the table top directly behind the response buttons
    D. On a vertical panel but directly behind the response buttons

    C

    When a person learning handwriting moves the three arm segments as if two of the segments were one, this person demonstrates an early learning characteristic known as:
    A. Freezing degrees of freedom
    B. The power law of practice
    C. Freeing degrees of freedom
    D. Movement specific learning

    C

    Consider the following performance situation: You are a basketball player guarding an opponent who has the ball. You know that about 80% of the time in this situation the player will move to your right and take a shot. So, you prepare to move in that direction. But, unexpectedly the player moves to your left. Which of the following describes your RT in this situation?
    A. It is not possible to predict RT without more information about the situation
    B. RT will be the same as if you had not prepared to move to the right
    C. RT will be slower than if you had not prepared to move to the right
    D. RT will be faster than if you had not prepared to move to the right

    C

    A beginner can benefit from observing another beginner practice a skill especially when the observer can:
    A. Hear both the verbal instructions and augmented feedback given to the other beginner
    B. See the person who is giving the verbal instructions and augmented feedback to the other beginner
    C. Hear the augmented feedback given to the other beginner
    D. Hear the verbal instructions given to the other beginner

    C

    How would a researcher determine consistency for a performance curve graph that presented kinematic data (e.g., displacement) over blocks of multiple trials?
    A. Find the slopes for each trial and see if the slopes get closer to 1
    B. Compare how far the standard deviation lines are from the mean pattern for each block of trials
    C. Examine how the shape of the produced pattern looks compared to the criterion pattern
    D. Find the line of best fit for each trial block and subtract them from each other

    B

    One reason open motor skills are considered more difficult to perform is.
    A. The visual system does not detect movement very well
    B. The performer must adjust the spatial and temporal characteristics of their movement to the environment
    C. By default, open motor skills are more tiring
    D. None of the above

    B

    Because we can write our signature relatively legibly with a pen held by either hand, either foot, or even by our teeth, researchers often describe handwriting as a good example of Bernstein's concept of motor:
    A. Independence
    B. Equivalence
    C. Complexity
    D. Programs

    B

    Kinematics studies how force influences motion.
    True
    False

    False

    The research procedure most commonly used to investigate attention-limit issues for motor skill learning and performance is known as the:
    A. Attentional focus procedure
    B. Event occlusion procedure
    C. Dual-task procedure
    D. Temporal occlusion procedure

    C

    As a person learns a new skill the attention demanded by the skill will:
    A. Decrease
    B. Not change
    C. Be impossible to predict
    D. Increase

    A

    An important difference between the open- and closed-loop control systems is that the:
    A. Open-loop system involves feedback; the closed-loop system does not
    B. Open-loop system involves movement instructions; the closed-loop system does not
    C. Closed-loop system involves movement instructions; the open-loop system does not
    D. Closed-loop system involves feedback; the open-loop system does not

    D

    Research has shown that when individuals observe movement with the intent to imagine themselves imitating the motions, activity can be detected via fMRI in which brain region?
    A. Supplementary Motor Area (SMA)
    B. Parietal Cortex
    C. Lateral Temporal Cortex
    D. Basal Ganglia

    A

    Research suggests that reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT) are:
    A. Independent motor abilities
    B. Highly related motor abilities
    C. Moderately related motor abilities
    D. None of the above

    A

    From the dynamical systems perspective, the tendency for the two arms to prefer to move in tight spatial and temporal synchrony is the result of:
    A. A single generalized motor program
    B. Motor equivalence
    C. Two separate motor programs
    D. An attractor

    D

    Fitts' Law specifies that performance will show a speed-accuracy trade-off in a rapid manual aiming task according to the relationship between which two characteristics of the task?
    A. Distance to move and target size
    B. Target size and type of target
    C. Target size and movement speed
    D. Distance to move and movement speed

    A

    A theory of attention capacity that argues against a central capacity limit is the:
    A. Flexible-capacity theory
    B. Fixed-capacity theory
    C. Dual-task theory
    D. Multiple-resource theory

    D

    When you walk across a street, the optical variable tau influences the initiation of your leg movement to step up onto the curb on the basis of the:
    A. Amount of time remaining to contact the curb
    B. Width of the street
    C. Distance you are from the curb
    D. Height of the curb

    A

    One of the reasons for negative transfer is the initial cognitive confusion that occurs when a person must make a different movement in a familiar environmental context.
    True
    False

    True

    An experimental participant is attempting to learn a certain pattern with a computer cursor that requires a movement contrary to the participant's preferred movement. What performance pattern should be seen as the participant shifts from the preferred to the goal movement pattern?
    A. Stability-Instability-Expertise
    B. Instability-Stability-Instability
    C. Instability-Stability-Expertise
    D. Stability-Instability-Stability

    D

    Degree of positive transfer is related to the:
    A. Amount of practice on each of the two skills
    B. Degree of similarity between the parts of the two skills
    C. Degree of similarity of the performance contexts of the two skills
    D. Both b and c

    D

    Which of the following describes the results of research on the use of verbal instructions that direct attention to specific movement components of a skill? The instructions:
    A. Did not influence learning any differently from instructions directing attention elsewhere
    B. Had no effect on learning
    C. Hindered learning
    D. Facilitated learning

    C

    A key term in the definition of learning refers to the potential for a person to perform a skill at a higher level than performed before beginning to practice the skill is
    A. Persistence
    B. Capability
    C. Improvement
    D. Stability

    B

    If you have to hit a large target or a small target as rapidly as possible after an auditory signal, your reaction time would be:
    A. The same for both targets
    B. Faster for the large target
    C. Impossible to determine
    D. Faster for the small target

    B

    In addition to Baddeley's three subsystems of working memory, researchers believe that there may be a fourth subsystem called the motor store.
    True
    False

    True

    The transfer-appropriate-processing theory suggests that positive transfer is due to similarity of the:
    A. Cognitive processes required by two motor skills
    B. Components of two motor skills
    C. Movements of two motor skills
    D. Environmental context characteristics of two motor skills

    A

    Kahneman's model of attention proposes that the mental resources needed to perform activities must come from one central pool that can vary in its capacity.
    True
    False

    True

    Research has shown that the relationship between eye movement recordings and visual attention is that eye movement recordings:
    A. underestimate what a person is visually attending to
    B. are precise indicators of what a person is visually attending to
    C. cannot tell us anything about what a person is visually attending to
    D. overestimate what a person is visually attending to

    A

    The cognitive explanation for bilateral transfer proposes that bilateral transfer occurs because the required:
    A. Cognitive effort is similar
    B. Attention demands are similar
    C. Cognitive components are similar
    D. Task components are similar

    C

    The process of directing visual attention to locate relevant environmental context cues is known as visual:
    A. Search
    B. Attention switching
    C. Feedback
    D. Information

    A

    An important performance characteristic often associated with learning is that the person becomes increasingly more capable of adapting performance of the skill to new performance contexts and situations.
    True
    False

    True

    Learning the following skills will benefit more from viewing a skilled demonstration than from verbal instructions
    A. Motor skills that require the learning of a new pattern of coordination
    B. Motor skills that require the learning of new parameter characteristics
    C. All motor skills when verbal instructions are also given
    D. All motor skills

    A

    A blindfolded man is unable to sense and perceive information about the position and movement of his head. What aspect of motor control is he most likely having issues with?
    A. Touch
    B. Vision
    C. Reflexes
    D. Proprioception

    D

    According to Gentile, diversification is necessary for the later stages of learning open skills because one must be able to quickly adapt to the changing regulatory conditions of the skill.
    True
    False

    True

    In addition to serving as a temporary storage system, working memory also serves as a:
    A. Library of information
    B. Temporary workspace
    C. Procedural knowledge storage location
    D. Permanent storage system

    B

    For which reason(s) might a performance plateau occur?
    A. The learner is developing a new strategy to improve the level of performance already achieved
    B. It represents a period of low motivation or fatigue
    C. It may be due to limitations imposed by the performance measure
    D. All of the above

    D

    A yoga student is struggling with a certain pose. What should the instructor NOT do?
    A. Give a body-part cue
    B. Increase the meaningfulness of the movement
    C. Direct the student to look at the location their limbs should move
    D. Both a and c

    C

    If you are asked to demonstrate how you tie your shoes, you would base your demonstration on knowledge stored in long-term memory in the:
    A. Procedural memory system
    B. Semantic memory system
    C. Muscle memory system
    D. Episodic memory system

    A

    Attention focused on one's own movements typically leads to better skill performance than attention focused on the intended outcome of the skill.
    True
    False

    False

    Bilateral transfer can be related to the concept of the generalized motor program (GMP) because muscle selection in performing a skill is:
    A. A parameter of the GMP
    B. An invariant characteristic of the GMP
    C. Involved in selecting the appropriate GMP
    D. Dependent on having the appropriate GMP selected

    A

    If a person were blindfolded while writing a sentence, their words would not be spatially arranged on a horizontal line, but the person would still maintain an accurate handwriting pattern.
    True
    False

    False

    If you move your two arms forward and backward several times at the same time, the phase relationship between them is 0 degrees.
    True
    False

    True

    Which of the following is an example of retroactive negative transfer?
    A. The difficulty ice skaters have learning to ski
    B. The difficulty racketball players have acquiring tennis groundstrokes
    C. All of the above
    D. The temporary disruption in sitting performance when infants learn to walk

    D

    An example of an invariant feature in Schmidt's generalized motor program (GMP) would be:
    A. The absolute time used to write your signature
    B. The absolute force used to write your signature
    C. The muscles used to write your signature
    D. The relative timing characteristics of your signature

    D

    Returning a serve in tennis is an example of which of the following types of motor skills?
    A. Stationary motor skill
    B. Closed motor skill
    C. Self-paced motor skill
    D. Open motor skill

    D

    A ___________ curve shows larger increases in performance during early practice trials than in later trials.
    A. Linear
    B. Ogive
    C. Negatively accelerating
    D. Positively accelerating

    C

    Which of the following skills would be under closed-loop control?
    A. Driving a car
    B. Throwing a dart at a dart board
    C. Shooting a bullet at a tin can
    D. Bowling a bowling ball

    A

    What are components of the environmental context?
    A. The supporting surface
    B. The objects involved in performing the skill
    C. Other living things involved in the performance
    D. All of the above

    D

    Hick's Law states that reaction time (RT) will increase logarithmically as the:
    A. Distance required by the movement increases
    B. Movement complexity increases
    C. Arousal level of the individual increases
    D. Number of response choices increases

    D

    Research has shown that the relationship between eye movement recordings and visual attention is that eye movement recordings:
    A. overestimate what a person is visually attending to
    B. are precise indicators of what a person is visually attending to
    C. cannot tell us anything about what a person is visually attending to
    D. underestimate what a person is visually attending to

    D

    The sensory-perceptual information that is a natural part of performing a skill is known as:
    A. Terminal feedback
    B. Concurrent feedback
    C. Augmented feedback
    D. Task-intrinsic feedback

    D

    A KP statement that simply describes the error the performer has made is referred to as:
    A. Manual guidance
    B. A prescriptive KP statement
    C. Biofeedback
    D. A descriptive KP statement

    D

    Experimental evidence shows that, compared to qualitative KR, quantitative KR leads to:
    A. Better performance than qualitative KR only early in practice
    B. No better performance than qualitative KR early in practice but better than qualitative KR later in practice
    C. No better performance than qualitative KR early and later in practice
    D. Better performance than qualitative KR early and late in practice

    B

    One activity shown to actually benefit skill learning when it occurs in the KR-delay interval is:
    A. Performing any type of verbal skill
    B. Estimating your own error for the just completed response
    C. Performing any type of motor skill
    D. Practicing another skill that has KR presented on each trial

    B

    When augmented feedback serves to encourage a person to continue striving to achieve a performance goal, augmented feedback functions as:
    A. Reinforcement
    B. Motivation
    C. Task intrinsic feedback
    D. A guide to correct errors

    B

    According to Gentile, variable practice experiences for closed skills that involve intertribal variability should focus on varying:
    A. The nonregulatory conditions related to performing the skill
    B. Both regulatory and nonregulatory conditions related to performing the skill
    C. No specific conditions related to performing the skill
    D. The regulatory conditions related to performing the skill

    B

    Home field advantage" can be explained in part by what we know about incidental learning as it relates to the environmental context.
    True
    False

    True

    Regulatory conditions in a motor skill performance situation include:
    A. Score of a baseball game
    B. Number of spectators at a game
    C. Color of a pen that you need to pick up
    D. Speed of a tennis ball during a rally

    D

    A limitation of the contextual interference effect is that it has been demonstrated in laboratory conditions but not in conditions outside the laboratory
    True
    False

    False

    Research suggests that blocked practice consistently leads to poor performance:
    A. On transfer tests that involve novel skill variations or performance contexts
    B. For closed skills only
    C. For open skills only
    D. On retention tests

    A

    Research has shown that the overlearning strategy benefits the learning of all types of motor skills.
    True
    False

    False

    A limitation of research investigating massed vs. distributed practice is:
    A. Inappropriate tasks to be learned
    B. Too many practice trials
    C. Retention intervals that are not sufficiently long
    D. The lack of a retention or transfer test

    D

    An individual is learning a new continuous motor skill. What type of practice distribution should they follow for the length and frequency of their practice sessions and the intertrial intervals within a practice session (respectively)?
    A. Massed, Distributed
    B. Distributed, Massed
    C. Distributed, Distributed
    D. Massed, Massed

    C

    Practice schedule A involves two 1-hour practice sessions on each of three days, while schedule B involves one 1-hour practice session on each of six days. In this scenario, schedule A would be referred to as:
    A. Massed practice
    B. Random practice
    C. Distributed practice
    D. Blocked practice

    A

    Although research supports overlearning as an effective practice strategy for learning motor skills, it is important to remember that the amount of practice is:
    A. The most critical variable influencing skill learning
    B. Next in importance to variability for influencing skill learning
    C. Not the most critical variable influencing skill learning
    D. Not a critical variable influencing skill learning

    C

    A basketball player is learning how to dribble and block an opponent at the same time, an asymmetrical bimanual skill. The best way to practice this skill would be through using a fractionization technique
    True
    False

    True

    A physical therapist is helping a patient who recently had their leg amputated to walk with a prosthesis. To help the patient, the physical therapist is using a body-weight support system. The therapist is using what simplification strategy?
    A. Reducing attention demands
    B. Simulators
    C. Reducing speed
    D. Sequencing Skill Progressions

    A

    An important benefit of the progressive-part practice method is that it:
    A. Keeps practice boredom to a minimum
    B. Increases cognitive awareness of the regulatory conditions
    C. Provides a means of distributing practice in a beneficial way
    D. Restricts attention demands on the individual during practice

    D

    The part practice strategy that seems especially applicable to helping a person learn an asymmetric bimanual coordination skill is the ________ method.

    Fractionization

    If a motor skill should not be physically separated for part-practice, an alternative part-practice strategy for learners is to:
    A. Practice the whole skill but focus attention on specific parts that need work
    B. Have their instructor tell you what needs to be done to improve a specific part of the skill
    C. Observe a demonstration of the part of the skill they are having difficulty with
    D. Discuss any problems related to a particular part of the skill with an instructor

    A

    Imagery that involves feeling the movements of a skill is known as ________ imagery.

    Kinesthetic

    In an experiment that compares combination mental-physical practice to all-mental practice, all-physical practice, and a no practice conditions, results show that participants in the combination mental-physical practice condition learn the skill:
    A. Similar to those in the all-mental practice condition
    B. Not as well as those in the no practice condition
    C. Better than those in the all-physical practice condition
    D. Not as well as the all-physical practice, but generally better than all-mental practice

    D

    esearch has shown that mental practice is effective as a performance preparation strategy but not as an aid to learning a new motor skill.
    True
    False

    False

    Of the two types of imagery that have been categorized, the one that involves people experiencing the sensations that could be expected in an actual performance situation is called ________ imagery.

    Internal

    A person who visually imagines himself or herself performing a skill from the perspective of an observer performs this type of mental practice:
    A. Kinesthetic imagery
    B. Internal imagery
    C. Out-of-body imagery
    D. External imagery

    D

    Sets found in the same folder

    motor control and learning exam 1

    162 terms

    noahhhb11Plus

    Exam 1 Quiz Questions w/answers

    25 terms

    Liam_ton11

    Other sets by this creator

    exam 3 mcl

    80 terms

    Kyle_callahan460

    exam 3 quizes MC

    20 terms

    Kyle_callahan460

    motor control quizes for exam 2

    25 terms

    Kyle_callahan460

    Exam 1 Motor Control

    50 terms

    Kyle_callahan460

    Verified questions

    chemistry

    Describe the preparation of perchloric acid from sodium chloride.

    Verified answer

    biology

    Describe the words invertebrate and vertebrate.

    Verified answer

    physics

    True or false: An object cannot move in a circle unless it is accelerating.

    Verified answer

    biology

    monotreme , placental mammal

    Verified answer

    Other Quizlet sets

    Business Policy & Strategy (Chapter 7) -Strategies…

    46 terms

    constanceioPlus

    Final

    115 terms

    kyleighk315Plus

    Pharm 2

    24 terms

    Albenita