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Get faster at matching terms Key Terms + Significances Terms in this set (16)age of fossil fuels, 626 Twentieth century shift in energy production with increased use of coal and oil, resulting in the widespread availability of electricity and the internal combustion engine; a major source of the greenhouse gases that drive climate change Significance: Humans could now harness power in new ways. Fossil fuels had a big impact on the environment by contributing to climate change. Electricity and the combustion engine improved daily life. communication revolution, 630 Modern transformation of communication technology, from the nineteenth century telegraph to the present-day smart phone Significance: Humans became more efficient in spreading information, globally. It reshaped human lives along with consequences. It enabled everyone, including villagers, to tune in on international events, but also allowed for sharp debate. economic globalization, 632 The deepening economic entanglement of the world's peoples especially since 1950; accompanied by the spread of industrialization in the Global South and extraordinary economic growth following World War II; the process has also generated various forms of inequality and resistance as well as increasing living standards for many Significance: Globalization has spurred the spread of new technology, helping to make economies greener and more productive. Globalization has helped to reduce gender wage discrimination and giving new opportunities to women. Globalization has improved the quality of management in firms and the working conditions for people. Asian Tigers, 633 Nickname for the East Asian countries of South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong, which experienced remarkable export-driven economic growth in the late 20th century Significance: These Asian countries have produced high economic growth and helped to improve industrialization since the 1960s. They are fueled by exports. Bretton Woods System, 636 Name for the agreements and institutions (including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund) set up in 1944 to regulate commercial and financial dealings among the major capitalist countries Significance: These agreements have unified nations around the world with solutions to a financial crisis.It has helped strengthen world economy and maximize international trade. transnational corporations, 637 Businesses that produce goods or deliver services simultaneously in many countries; growing in number since the 1960s, some have more assets and power than many countries Significance: Transnational corporations affect trends in internal businesses and help to increase economic growth and profit for countries in many nations. It also increases competitions in the global market between countries. World Trade Organization (WTO), 641 An international body representing 149 nations and charged with negotiating the rules for global commerce and promoting free trade; its meetings have been the site of major anti-globalization protests in 1999 Significance: North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), 642 Free trade agreement between the United States, Mexico and Canada, established in 1984 Significance: This agreement is significant for the following reasons; trade between the US and Mexico has increased, only made the rich richer, eliminated most tariffs (taxes) between countries. consumerism, 644 A culture of leisure and consumption that developed during the past century or so in tandem with global economic growth and an enlarged middle-class; emerged first in the Western world and later elsewhere. Significance: Living standards got raised and improved for the middle class. It drives economy --> When people spend more on goods/services produced in a never-ending cycle, the economy grows. export-processing zones (EPZs), 646 Areas where international companies can operate with tax and other benefits, offered as an incentive to attract manufacturers Significance: EPZs created more job opportunities and technology was able to spread into the other country. It attracted industries and manufacturers to help raise the economy and make more profit. service sector, 646 Industries like government, medicine, education, finance, and communication that have grown due to increasing consumerism, population, and communication technologies. Significance: It's important as goods production became increasingly mechanized; it offered jobs to more citizens. The output growth has been doubled and a new form of services emerged over time. informal economy, 647 Also known as the "shadow" economy; refers to unofficial, unregulated, and untaxed economic activity Significance: It's important as lower classes are able to find opportunities to make money in temporary jobs, although not as much profit. one-child family policy (China), 651 Chinese policy of population control that lasted from 1980 to 2014; used financial incentives and penalties to promote birth control, sterilization, and abortions in an effort to limit most families to a single child Significance: A new form of states being able to control personal life their citizens. It promoted the use of birth control and highly affected the population growth. Women's Department, 652 A distinctive organization, known as Zhenotdel, within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that worked to promote equality for women in the 1920s with conferences, publications, and education Significance: This organization was significant because it showed how Turkey started to modernize their country by supporting equal rights for women. The Women's Department helped females become more successful and vocal. second-wave feminism, 653 Women's rights movement that revived in the 1960s with a different agenda from earlier women's suffrage movement; second-wave feminists demanded equal rights for women and employment and education, women's right to control their own bodies, and the end of patriarchal domination Significance: The second wave of feminism was important because it broadened the debate to include a wider range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights. It encouraged women to understand how their personal lives reflected sexist power structures. feminism in the Global South, 655 Mobilization of women across Asia, Africa, and Latin America; distinct from Western feminism because of its focus on issues such as colonialism, racism, and poverty, rather than those exclusively related to gender Significance: It was important because it differed from Western issues as it promoted colonial and racist issues. New ways of feminist thinking arose. Feminist movements intervened with politics, becoming national struggles Other sets by this creatorSpanish Midterm42 terms paperclip00 AP WORLD MIDTERM10 terms paperclip00 Chapter 1516 terms paperclip00 Other Quizlet setsGeology Final Part 269 terms RILEY_BERGTHOLDT5 Patho Exam #1 Practice Questions (Mods 1&2)21 terms Gwyn_Devin Heart Failure41 terms claramanette OMGT Exam 248 terms realtkight How did the increase in technological infrastructure lead to globalization in the twenty first century How was this infrastructure different from previous trading systems?How did the increase in technological infrastructure lead to globalization in the twenty-first century? The revolutionary development of railroads and steamships as well as cars, buses, and trucks has made possible the surging movement of goods and people in the globalized world of recent times.
What impact has the Anthropocene era had on the environment quizlet?What impact has the Anthropocene era had on the environment? As grasslands and swampland contracted, so too did the world's forests, leading to the extinction of numerous species and declining biodiversity.
What is the relationship between human population growth and human migration during the past century quizlet?What is the relationship between human population growth and human migration during the past century? The rate of population growth is the rate of natural increase combined with the effects of migration.
What was new about energy production in the 20th century?As the 20th century began, the major reliance was on coal, but a gradual shift towards higher energy content sources like oil began. This second major shift saw the introduction of internal combustion engines and oil-powered ships.
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In what ways was technology a major driver of economic and social change during the past century quizlet?
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