The respiratory passageways include the nose, pharynx, larynx (upper respiratory structures), trachea, bronchi, and lungs (lower structures). If obstruction of the breathing passageways occurs in the upper respiratory tract, above the larynx (i.e., in the nose or pharynx), tracheotomy may be performed to restore breathing. Intubation can be done into the lower structures, larynx, and trachea, moving aside any soft obstruction and restoring the breathing passageway. Show The four types of body habitus describe differences in visceral shape, position, tone, and motility. One body type is hypersthenic, characterized by the very large individual with short, wide heart and lungs, high transverse stomach and gallbladder, and peripheral colon. The sthenic individual is the average, athletic, most predominant type. The hyposthenic patient is somewhat thinner and a little frailer, with organs positioned somewhat lower. The asthenic type is smaller in the extreme, with a long thorax, a very long, almost pelvic stomach, and a low medial gallbladder. The colon is medial and redundant. Hypersthenic patients usually demonstrate the greatest motility. Deoxygenated (venous) blood from the upper body (i.e., head, neck, thorax, and upper extremities) empties into the superior vena cava. Deoxygenated (venous) blood from the lower body (i.e., abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities) empties into the inferior vena cava. The superior and inferior venae cavae empty into the right atrium. The coronary sinus, which returns venous blood from the heart, also empties into the right atrium. Deoxygenated blood passes from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. From the right ventricle, blood is pumped (during ventricular systole) through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery—the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood. From the pulmonary artery, blood travels to the lungs, picks up oxygen, and is carried by the four pulmonary veins (the only veins carrying oxygenated blood) to the left atrium. The oxygenated blood passes through the mitral (or bicuspid) valve during atrial systole and into the left ventricle. During ventricular systole, oxygenated blood from the left ventricle passes through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta and into the systemic circulation. The expectoration of blood from the larynx, trachea, bronchi, or lungs is termed hemoptysis. Hemoptysis can occur in several diseases, including pneumonia, bronchitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and others. Hematemesis is vomiting of blood—this can occur with gastric ulcers, gastritis, esophageal varices, and other conditions. Sets with similar termsWhat is the process of inhalation called?The first phase is called inspiration, or inhaling. When the lungs inhale, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward. At the same time, the muscles between the ribs contract and pull upward. This increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside.
What is inhaled into the body through the nose and mouth?The lungs and respiratory system allow us to breathe. They bring oxygen into our bodies (called inspiration, or inhalation) and send carbon dioxide out (called expiration, or exhalation). This exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide is called respiration.
What part of the passageway of inhaled air is also known as the throat?The throat (pharynx and larynx) is a ring-like muscular tube that acts as the passageway for air, food and liquid. It is located behind the nose and mouth and connects the mouth (oral cavity) and nose to the breathing passages (trachea [windpipe] and lungs) and the esophagus (eating tube).
What are tiny particles of solids where the route of entry is inhalation?A fume consists of very small, fine solid particles in the air which form when solid chemicals (often metals) are heated to very high temperatures, evaporate to vapor, and finally become solid again. The welding or brazing of metal, for example, produces metal fumes. Fumes are hazardous because they are easily inhaled.
|
The inhalation of liquid or solid particles into the nose, throat, or lungs is referred to as
Urheberrechte © © 2024 defrojeostern Inc.
