Nursing involves thinking, doing, and caring; and all are equally important. Show
Critical thinking is a combination of reasoned thinking, openness to alternatives, an ability to reflect, and a desire to seek truth. Critical thinking involves both attitudes and cognitive skills. Critical thinking attitudes include independent thinking, intellectual curiosity, intellectual humility, intellectual empathy, intellectual courage, intellectual perseverance, and fair-mindedness. Nurses use critical thinking in all aspects of their practice. Practical knowledge (knowing what to do and how to do it) and theoretical knowledge (knowing why) are equally important in nursing. The nursing process is a systematic problem-solving process that guides all nursing actions. The nursing process consists of six overlapping and interdependent phases: assessment, diagnosis, planning outcomes, planning interventions, implementation, and evaluation. Critical thinking is used in each phase of the nursing process; it is related to, but not the same as, the nursing process. Your ability to think critically depends on your theoretical knowledge about critical thinking, your motivation to practice it, and your fund of nursing knowledge. In full-spectrum nursing the nurse applies thinking, doing, and caring to the patient situation to help effect positive patient outcomes. Review terms and
definitions Focus your studying with a path Get faster at matching terms A key skill to master in critical
thinking is that of distinguishing inferences from assumptions. These crucially related elements frequently get confused. To review their basic meanings:•An inference is a mental step by which one concludes that something is true based on something else being true or appearing to be so. For example, if you spot a campaign bumper sticker on someone's car, you infer that that person will vote for the candidate named on the bumper sticker. Sets with similar termsmany sources Point-of-view source Example Culture Western, Eastern, youth Religion Christian, Jewish, Muslim Gender/Sexual Orientation male, female, straight, gay Profession lawyer, teacher, soldier Academic discipline biology, history, sociology Peer group jock, theater/drama, overachiever Economic interest landlord, renter, business owner, rank-and-file employee Emotional state outraged, resentful, euphoric Age group adolescence, twenty-something, elderly Upgrade to remove ads Only ₩37,125/year
Terms in this set (97)a. Critical thinking skills are never used selfishly. Which of the following statements is false? a. Critical thinking skills are never used selfishly. False Fair-minded people feel no responsibility to represent viewpoints with which they disagree fairly and accurately. True or false? True Intellectual humility is a character trait of critical thinkers. True or false? c. Deal with your ego Asking the question, "Did I try to impose my will on
others?" is part of which tactic to improve critical thinking? d. Analyze group influences on your life Looking at the way your behavior is shaped by others is part of which tactic to improve critical thinking? b. Precision An argument that lacks specifics violates which of the following universal intellectual standards? True Wanting allocates energy into action. True or false? False Thinking, feeling, and wanting are unrelated processes in the mind. True or false? a thinking about thinking in order to make thinking better Critical thinking involves thinking about thinking while thinking in order to make thinking better. Which of the following statements best defines critical thinking? c analyzing, evaluating, and improving Critical thinking involves analyzing, evaluating, and improving one's own thinking. Critical thinking involves_______ one's own thinking. b reasoning from assumptions that are not one's own The critical thinker is able to reason from assumptions that are not his/her own. Which of the following is not a bad habit of thought? d egocentrism Egocentrism is the tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself. Which term means the tendency to view everything in relationship to
oneself? b gathers information that supports his/her presuppositions The critical thinker gathers relevant information. In thinking through a problem, the critical thinker does all of the following except: b second-order thinking Another term for critical thinking is b weak-sense thinking Hiding or distorting evidence is a tendency of weak-sense thinking. Hiding or distorting evidence illustrates which of the
following? A depth/speed Critical thinking values depth of thought over speed of thought. Critical thinking values ________ of thought over ______ of thought. c fair-mindedness Bringing an unbiased perspective to all relevant viewpoints exemplifies fair-mindedness. Bringing an unbiased perspective to all relevant viewpoints exemplifies which of the following? d intellectual empathy The ability to reconstruct others' viewpoints exemplifies intellectual empathy. Question 10 The ability to reconstruct others' viewpoints exemplifies which of the following traits? b intellectual integrity To admit flaws in one's own thinking is an expression of intellectual integrity. To admit flaws in one's own thinking is an expression of: a intellectual autonomy The opposite of intellectual conformity is intellectual autonomy. The opposite of intellectual conformity is: c It relies on intuition. Second-order thinking is first-order thinking that is consciously realized (i.e., analyzed, assessed, and reconstructed). First-order thinking relies on intuition rather than reasoned thought. Which of the following is not a characteristic of second-order thinking? c Handle multiple problems per day.
Which of the following is not among the suggested beginning tactics for improving your thinking? c feeling Which of the mind's basic functions evaluates the extent to which life's events are
either positive or negative? A. The standards must be applied to the elements as the critical thinker learns to develop intellectual traits. This accurately represents the relationship between the standards, elements, and intellectual traits involved in thinking. 1. Which of the following correctly reflects the relationship between the standards of
thinking, the elements of thinking, and intellectual traits? C. Inferences nferences are elements of critical thinking Which of the following is an element of critical thinking? False 1. Acknowledging different sources of point of view is an argument for intellectual relativism. True or false? False 2. An inference is something
we presuppose. True or false? True 1. Intellectual standards require that assumptions be acknowledged and stated clearly and concisely. True or false? True Examples of information include data, facts, experiences and observations, and word of mouth. Information that plays a role in thinking and argumentation must be carefully analyzed. Data is a type of information. True or false? B. All reasoning is based on assumptions. 1. Which of the following statements is true? A. Good reasoning should contain no
assumptions. C. The data, facts, opinions, and experiences that factor in your reasoning Information should be used to support your claims, and it should be evaluated carefully. Which of the following best defines information? A. The logical implications and consequences that stem from your reasoning D. None of the above All of the statements listed above are true. Which of the following statements is false? d A and B The elements of reasoning are also known as the parts of thinking and fundamental structures of thought. The elements of reasoning are also known as the: c Reasoning Reasoning occurs whenever the mind draws conclusions based on reasons. The mind drawing
conclusions on the basis of reasons defines which process? a All eight elements All eight elements of reasoning are present whenever we think through a problem. Which elements of reasoning are operative when we think through a problem? b Purpose Purpose is the goal or desired outcome of reasoning. What is the term for the goal or desired outcome of our reasoning? c Assumption An assumption is something whose truth we take as a given. Which
of the following is something we take for granted as true in our reasoning? c Implications Implications are what follow from our reasoning. What is said to follow from our reasoning? b Concepts Theories are examples of concepts. Theories are examples of: c Inferences/assumptions In reasoning, we make inferences based on assumptions In reasoning, we make __________ based on ___________. b Relative/Absolute Distinctions between the elements of reasoning are relative not absolute. Distinctions between the elements of reasoning are_______ not ________. C. The standards of critical thinking must be applied to the elements as the critical thinker learns to develop intellectual traits. The standards of critical thinking must be applied to the elements as the critical thinker learns to develop intellectual traits. Which of the following statements is correct? c Mentally taking in and actively using false information Which of the following best describes activated ignorance? a Unconscious In some cases, the conclusions we draw are based on assumptions that operate at an unconscious level. In some cases, the conclusions we draw are based on assumptions that operate at a(n) ________ level. b Possible, probable, necessary The three kinds of implications that that may be involved in any situation are possible, probable, and necessary. What are the three kinds of implications that may be involved in any situation? c Clarity Thinking that is easily understood reflects the standard of clarity. Thinking that is easily understood reflects which of the intellectual standards? d Precise Reasoning that is specific, exact and sufficiently detailed is said to be precise. Reasoning that is specific, exact and sufficiently detailed is said to be: a Deep C. Questions of judgment permit only a single well-reasoned answer. A question of judgment does not have one correct answer, but a number of well-reasoned answers. 1. Which of the following statements about questions of judgment is false? Point of view Points of view is an element of reasoning. Which of the following is an element of reasoning? True One good way to analyze causes is to eliminate non-causal factors, identifying the causal factor through the process of elimination. True or false? True One way to analyze causation is to look for concomittnat variation, a pattern of variation between a possible cause and a possible effect. Concomittant variation refers to a pattern of variation between a possible cause and a possible effect. True or false? c Questions of judgment Questions of judgment have competing answers, with some better than others. These questions have more than one answer, with some answers better than others. b question of preference his is a question of preference, since it is asking for a subjective choice. "Is basketball or ice hockey more fun to watch?" is a: c Developing questions that have only one answer Questions that have only one answer are questions of fact, not questions of judgment. In constructing questions of judgment, which of the following is NOT part of the process? d Merge problems and decisions into a comprehensive decision whenever possible. Paul and Elder counsel that you take problems and decisions one-by-one, not merging them together. Paul and Elder's "Dimensions of Decision-Making" suggest all of the following steps, except: b single difference method Looking for a causal factor that is present in one situation but absent in another, similar, situation is called the single difference method In analyzing causation, looking for a causal factor that is present in one situation but absent in another, similar, situation is called the: a common factor This is an example of causation by a shared common factor. A scientist discovered that all laboratory hamsters that had been eating lettuce developed Salmonella poisoning. This is an example of causation by: d process of elimination The mechanic is using the process of elimination. A mechanic ruled out failures in 10 different engine parts before finding the problem in the carburetor. This is an example of: a Identification Identification is recognizing when your thinking is irrational or flawed. In strategic thinking, recognizing when your thinking is irrational or flawed is which component? b Intellectual action Intellectual action is engaging and challenging your own thinking. In strategic thinking, engaging and
challenging your own thinking is which component? c Elements of Reasoning To analyze the logic of an article, one can apply the Elements of Reasoning. To analyze the logic of an article, one can apply: c. People really understand inert information. This statement is false because people don't really understand inert information, even though they think they do. 1. Which of the following statements is false? b. Activated knowledge is based upon stereotypes. Activated knowledge is not based upon stereotypes, but truthful information. Activated ignorance is based on stereotypes 2. Which of the following statements is false? Clear This is a clear presentation of steps in the scientific method. 1. "There are six steps in the scientific method: 1) Ask a question; 2) Conduct background research; 3) Construct a hypothesis; 4) Test this hypothesis through experiment(s); 5) Analyze the data and draw a conclusion; and 6) Communicate results." irrelevant The information provided is not relevant to the question, which is asking for a sales forecast, not a cost forecast. 2. "We've been asked to provide an estimate of sales for next year. I think we can safely say that we will reduce costs 25 percent and improve profitability." biased This is an example of biased information. While the union point of view is represented, management's POV is not. 3. "The union has a number of legitimate grievances which have never been addressed by management. If you talk to any of the workers involved in these disputes, it's clear that their testimony has been ignored." Inadequate "The first place winner in the 10K race was Steven Katz. The third place finisher was Gregor Mankins. Fred Habib finished fourth." Consistently applied This is a consistent application of information. " The Customer Service
committee has been very disciplined in reviewing the weekly call reports by focusing on each category of call sequentially." c. A well-known institution always is a guarantee of quality and accuracy There are no permanent guarantees of quality and accuracy in information, no matter how respected the institution. Which of the following
is NOT a good reason to rely on established institutions for the quality and accuracy of information? d. All of the above All of these can introduce bias 2. Which of the following are motives that may introduce bias into information? False 1. Fair-minded critical persons tend to have socially conditioned beliefs. True or false? True 2. Skilled manipulators tend to try to silence the voices of people who disagree with them. True or false? Point of View Elements (What Is Is) ... Questions ... Making Decisions and Solving Problems ... Socratic
Inquiry Knowing that one does not know...... Clarity Standards (Whether It Is Good) Questions of Fact Three Types of Questions Questions of Judgement Questions of Preference Identify your purpose or goal The Dimensions of Good Decision Making Figure out and regularly reevaluate your goals, purposes, and needs. Dimensions of Problem-Solving Types: 1) neutral and 2) negative Negative bias= a refusal Bias is any uncritical preference for some particular point of view (=a prejudice; an uncritical commitment to certain assumptions.) Activated knowledge We mislearn or partially learn information or accept illogical beliefs and then act on them. Activated knowledge Inert Information We think we understand this information, but we don't and can't use it. Example of Activated knowledge Activated knowledge We bring significant ideas and knowledge into the mind and are able to apply them, systematically, to new situations. Bias A partiality or prejudice that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation Inert Information memorized information that is not fully understood Appeal to popularity/ passions fallacy Citing majority sentiment or popular opinion as the reason for supporting a claim Inference Logical process of drawing conclusions Fallacy An error in reasoning Ad hominem fallacy Dismissing an argument by attacking the person who offers it rather than by refuting its reasoning hasty generalization Fallacy Inferring a general proposition about something based on too small sample or an unrepresentative sample Hard-cruel-world argument fallacy Justifying illegal or unethical practices by arguing that they are necessary to confront a greater evil or threat Appeal to fear fallacy Citing a threat or possibility of a frightening outcome as the reason for supporting an argument Denying inconsistencies fallacy Refusing to admit contradictions or inconsistencies when making an argument or defending a position
Claiming to experience fallacy Claiming to speak with the "voice of experience" in support of an argument (even when that experience may not be relevant". Either-or fallacy Assuming only two alternatives when, in reality, there are more than two Evading questions fallacy Avoiding direct and truthful answers to difficult questions through diversionary tactics, vagueness, or deliberately confusing or complex response Sets with similar termsSound Waves 5 Unit 26 NC16 terms Maria_Egan WGU C16833 terms Evan_Carlson9 WGU CLC199 terms mandally C168 Critical Thinking76 terms maya_spears Sets found in the same folderMaryland Permit Test 2021144 terms cjsb7724 AP Government Chapter 15 Vocabulary47 terms lauraedonohue LSU POLI 2051: Connect Ch. 3 Quiz15 terms pattymartinez critical thinking cards for ATI Proctored exam36 terms belindagibeau Other sets by this creatorTerms 626 terms C_la5 Photosynthesis32 terms C_la5 CELLS18 terms C_la5 Cells and Transport test6 terms C_la5 Other Quizlet setsIELTS Speaking Tips13 terms Jaydennguyen1996 Stand up questions224 terms Freelancer29 Property and Casualty Practice Exam 177 terms JakeSpaniol Civil Rights and Civil Liberties, Chap. 7 AMSCO (I…62 terms amazinglilamr14 Related questionsQUESTION In Meditation 1, Descartes suggests that we might be dreaming. What belief might we still be certain about even if we were dreaming? 15 answers QUESTION Your vehicle registration card must be carried in the vehicle whenever you were driving 3 answers QUESTION "Although Ms. Jackson has been accused of misusing government funds, she has donated all of her income for the past three years to charity." 15 answers QUESTION High speed patient transport is usually unnecessary but the five to seven percent that probably require code 3 transport includ 15 answers What are the attributes of a critical thinker What skills do you need to develop to become a higher level thinker?The key critical thinking skills are: analysis, interpretation, inference, explanation, self-regulation, open-mindedness, and problem-solving.
What are the attributes of critical thinking and which one do you need to develop?The skills that we need in order to be able to think critically are varied and include observation, analysis, interpretation, reflection, evaluation, inference, explanation, problem solving, and decision making. Specifically we need to be able to: Think about a topic or issue in an objective and critical way.
What are the attributes of a critical thinker?Dispositions: Critical thinkers are skeptical, open-minded, value fair-mindedness, respect evidence and reasoning, respect clarity and precision, look at different points of view, and will change positions when reason leads them to do so. Criteria: To think critically, must apply criteria.
What are the attributes of a critical thinker discuss five ways to improve critical thinking skills?How To Improve Your Critical Thinking Skills. Know exactly what you want. ... . Deal with your biases. ... . Consider the consequences of your options. ... . Do your research. ... . Accept the fact that you're not always right. ... . Break it down. ... . Don't overcomplicate things. ... . 2022 L&D Report.. |
What are the attributes of a critical thinker What skills do you need to develop to become a higher level thinker quizlet?
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