When leaders act to optimize their part of the organization at the expense of Suboptimizing the organizations overall effectiveness the leader is using thinking?

Transactional leadership:
A. occurs when a person possesses authority not because of tradition, but because of the laws that govern the position occupied.

B. serves to change the status quo by appealing to followers' values and their sense of higher purpose.

C. occurs when the traditions of society dictate who has authority and how this authority can be used.

D. occurs when leaders and followers are in some type of exchange relationship in order to get needs met.

Which authority system is associated with leaders thought to possess divine or superhuman qualities?

Charismatic leaders are thought to possess superhuman qualities or powers of divine origin that sets them apart from ordinary mortals. In the charismatic authority system, unwritten laws of the society dictate who has authority and how this authority can be used.

Which of the following statements about transformational leaders is most likely true quizlet?

Which of the following statements about transformational leaders is most likely true? They are inherently future-oriented.

What style of leadership is usually needed to move organizations through a period of chaos?

Many organizations struggling with the need to manage chaos, to undergo a culture change, to empower organizational members, and to restructure have looked for answers in “hiring the right leader.” Many have come to believe that the transformational, visionary, and charismatic leader represents the style of leadership ...

What is the underlying cause for a huge percentage of failed change initiatives quizlet?

siloed thinking. What is the underlying cause for a huge percentage of failed change initiatives? A. The leader is unable or unwilling to address organizational culture and capabilities issues.