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The Origin of Species Revised March 2018 www.BioInteractive.org Page 1 of 5 ___________ _________ _________ The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch Film Guide Student Handout NAME_______________________ DATE_________________ This handout supplements the short film The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch. 1. Which is the most likely explanation for the presence of 13 different finch species on the Galápagos Islands today? a. Many years ago, several different species of birds migrated to the islands and the 13 finch species that currently live there are the only species that survived. b. Many years ago, a small population of a single bird species migrated to the islands and evolved into the 13 species that live on the islands today. c. Each of the 13 species has migrated to the islands at different times over the years. d. A single bird species migrated to one island at around the time of Charles Darwin’s voyage to the Galápagos and then migrated to all 13 islands. 2. Different finch species have beaks of different shapes and sizes. These different beak structures are evidence of a. different finch species adapting to different environments over many generations. b. different finch species with different beak structures coming to the Galápagos Islands from the mainland. c. different finch populations being evolutionarily related. d. individual birds changing their beak characteristics so that they could feed efficiently. 3. Examine the phylogenetic tree of the 13 finch species below. Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the phylogenetic tree in the illustration? a. The sharp-beaked ground finch is more closely related to the small tree finch than either species is to the cactus finch. b. The warbler finch is the common ancestor to all the finch species that exist today in the Galápagos Islands. c. All the Galápagos finches are more closely related to one another than they are to mainland finch species. d. The 13 finch species evolved in sequence; the warbler finch is the oldest species and the small ground finch is the most recent species to evolve What is the most likely explanation for the presence of 13 different finch species?Newly formed islands provide many new habitats for species to occupy. In the Galápagos Islands, a single ancestral population of finches has given rise to 13 separate species, each adapted to different habitats and niches.
What evidence did scientists use to determine that the 13 species of finches on the Galapagos arose from a single common ancestor?Differences in beak shapes tell us that all the finches eat the same type of food. Different finch beak shapes are evidence that all Galápagos finches shared a common ancestor a long time ago. Different finch beak shapes are evidence that over time, finch species adapted to different food sources on the islands.
Why are there so many species of finches on the Galapagos Islands?A few million years ago, one species of finch migrated to the rocky Galapagos from the mainland of Central or South America. From this one migrant species would come many -- at least 13 species of finch evolving from the single ancestor.
What traits prevent different species of finch from mating with each other?Song and appearance both play a role in keeping different species from mating. So when populations of the same species are separated, changes in these traits set the stage for the formation of new species.
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Which of the five statements below describes geographically isolated populations?
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