A public school district implemented a policy that allowed students to vote on whether they wanted a student-led prayer to be read at football games. This policy was later found to be unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court. Which of the following clauses did the policy most likely violate?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Show The free exercise clause The establishment clause In Roe v. Wade, the majority of Supreme Court justices determined thatRequired to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) the United States Constitution implies a right to privacy and thus made abortions legal a constitutional right to privacy necessitated making contraceptives legal abortions could be performed only during the first twelve weeks of a pregnancy a husband is allowed to veto his wife's decision to have an abortion homosexuality is unconstitutional the United States Constitution implies a right to privacy and thus made abortions legal Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a member of Congress supporting pork-barrel legislation?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) A senator from a coal-producing state voting against a job-training program for coal miners A member of the House Armed Services Committee marking up a bill that will increase funding for military bases A senator from an agricultural state amending legislation to establish a potato research institute in his or her state A member of the House voting for urban renewal in exchange for increased funding for roads A senator from an agricultural state amending legislation to establish a potato research institute in his or her state Which of the following scenarios best explains how the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment has influenced political behavior?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Grassroots libertarian advocacy organizations have advocated in favor of less economic regulation of the marketplace. The Supreme Court has ruled that Fifth Amendment prohibition on double jeopardy was made applicable to the states. Civil Rights leaders such as Martin Luther King, Jr., cited constitutional arguments as a basis for opposing segregation and inequality Civil Rights leaders such as Martin Luther King, Jr., cited constitutional arguments as a basis for opposing segregation and inequality A person claiming that the House can pass legislation with a simple majority, but the Senate is unlikely to pass legislation unless a bill has the support of a 60-vote supermajority is most likely to cite which of the following institutional differences as the cause of this trend?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) The House has strict limits on debate, while the Senate allows unlimited debate. Party leadership in the House is highly formalized, while leadership in the Senate is much more informal. Members of the House often represent a much narrower constituency than senators do. The House has fewer legislative committees than the Senate does The House has strict limits on debate, while the Senate allows unlimited debate. In which of the following situations would the Supreme Court be most likely to utilize the doctrine of selective incorporation?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) When a former employee files a wrongful termination claim against a company headquartered in another state When there is a conflict among the branches of the national government When an individual claims that a right protected by the Bill of Rights is infringed upon by a state When a federal policy shifting oversight authority from a national agency to a state agency is challenged When an individual claims that a right protected by the Bill of Rights is infringed upon by a state After hours of interrogation by police a suspect confesses to multiple felony offenses. His attorney objected to the admission of the confession because he was not advised of his right to have an attorney present nor his protection from self-incrimination. Which amendments are most relevant to this scenario?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1
Point) The Fifth and Sixth Amendments The Fourth and Eighth Amendments The Sixth and Eighth Amendments The fifth and sixth amendments Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates a president avoiding a check from the judicial branch?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) The president vetoes legislation that would constrain the ability of the executive branch to conduct domestic surveillance as it relates to terrorism The president claims that certain detainees are enemy combatants and thus do not possess the same constitutional protections that the Supreme Court has upheld for the interrogation of criminal suspects. The president signs a bill that reduces the budget of the Department of Justice in response to the department's failure to prosecute white-collar criminals The president claims that certain detainees are enemy combatants and thus do not possess the same constitutional protections that the Supreme Court has upheld for the interrogation of criminal suspects. The data illustrate that most conservatives believe that the United States ConstitutionRequired to answer. Single choice. outlines a framework for government that the Supreme Court should apply strictly regardless of the political or personal preferences of judges is a living document and the Supreme Court should consider public opinion and contemporary values when interpreting constitutional provisions gives judges the power to overrule the other two branches of government in times when those other branches fail to be responsive to changing public opinion on issues establishes a shared set of political values flexible enough to empower the Supreme Court to apply its own personal judgment to their interpretation outlines a framework for government that the Supreme Court should apply strictly regardless of the political or personal preferences of judges Which of the following best illustrates the point being made in the cartoon above?Required to answer. Single choice. Supreme Court justices seldom issue dissenting opinions. The influence of presidents on the Supreme Court is limited because the Senate often rejects their nominees. The terms of Supreme Court justices should be reduced from their current forty years. Presidents can have an influence on public policy far beyond their terms of office. The opinions of Supreme Court justices remain very similar over long periods of time.
Presidents can have an influence on public policy far beyond their terms of office. Which of the following is a similarity between the views expressed in the excerpt above and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham Jail"?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Unlike César Chávez, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. supported the use of violence after all other means had been exhausted. Both César Chávez and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. argued for the continued use of nonviolence to further their causes Unlike Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., César Chávez supported the use of violence as a means to start the movement Both César Chávez and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. argued for the use of nonviolence after standards of equality had been me Both César Chávez and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. argued for the continued use of nonviolence to further their causes Which of the following cases is most related to the quote?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) United States v. Lopez (1995) McDonald v. Chicago (2010) Marbury v. Madison (1803) Marbury v. Madison (1803) Which of the following clauses serves as the constitutional basis for the federal Real ID Act
of 2005, a law that established uniform standards for state-issued identification cards and provided regulation of a state function?Required to answer. Single choice. The establishment clause The due process clause The necessary and proper clause The commerce clause The necessary and proper clause Which of the following is most likely responsible for the increase in the number of southern African American state legislators between 1960 and 1992 as shown in the graph?Required to answer. Single choice. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) The Civil Rights Act of 1964 The Voting Rights Act of 1965 The Nineteenth Amendment The Voting Rights Act of 1965 During his confirmation hearing, Chief Justice John Roberts stated that Roe v. Wade (1973) "is the settled law of the land." This statement suggests that in a future case that challenges the constitutionality of legislation restricting privacy and reproductive rights, which of the following should be a key factor in the court's ruling?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Contemporary societal norms Briefs submitted by interested parties Reliance on legal precedent The consensus of the other justices Reliance on legal precedent The Washington Post receives a top secret report that details how the executive branch mishandled a deal made with a foreign nation regarding nuclear weapons. The executive branch attempts to stop the publishing of the report, but the publishers cite the precedent in New York Times Company v. United States (1971) establishing which of the following legal rules?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) The exclusionary rule for evidence The application of strict scrutiny Time, place, and manner restrictions The heavy presumption against prior restraint The heavy presumption against prior restraint Which of the following statements presents the most important limitation of the data in the graph? There are insufficient data points to detect a trend. The trend over time is potentially misleading and would be easier to read in a pie chart. The time frame for the data is misleading. There is no information about the total number of state legislators. There is no information about the total number of state legislators. Which of the following rulings is most likely to cite the Supreme Court's decision in Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) as a legal precedent in support of the decision?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) A ruling against a public school's practice of having prayer at school assemblies A ruling supporting the creation of gun-free zones in public schools A ruling enforcing mandatory vaccinations for all children before attending school A ruling in favor of students to print their opinions in a school newspaper A ruling in favor of students to print their opinions in a school newspaper Which of the following was an argument used by the Supreme Court in upholding federal statutes outlawing segregation in public accommodations?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Such segregation affected interstate commerce, and Congress therefore had the authority to outlaw it. Such segregation violated the Tenth Amendment's reservation of power to state governments, and Congress therefore had the authority to outlaw it Such segregation was wrong in principle, and Congress had moral authority to outlaw it even though the statutes lacked a strict constitutional basis Since such segregation affected citizens of different states, it fell under the original jurisdiction of the federal courts and could therefore be outlawed by Congress Such segregation violated the First Amendment's protection of the right to free assembly, and Congress therefore had the authority to outlaw it Such segregation affected interstate commerce, and Congress therefore had the authority to outlaw it. Which of the following is an example of Congress using its implied powers?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Congress passing occupational safety regulations for the private sector Congress requesting that the Supreme Court review the constitutionality of a state gun-control law Congress ratifying a new trade agreement with Mexico and Canada Congress changing the tax code so that individuals making more than $350,000 per year have to pay higher taxes Congress requesting that the Supreme Court review the constitutionality of a state gun-control law At a public high school, several students raised a banner and wore clothing in support of a candidate running in the upcoming presidential election during lunch period. The principal asked the students to put away the banner, citing safety concerns. Which of the following Supreme Court cases is most relevant to this scenario?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) In The Federalist 78, Alexander Hamilton argued that the federal judiciary "is beyond comparison the weakest of the three departments of power." Which of the following statements represents a reason he gave for this argument?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Each branch must be given the ability to defend its power and check the others. It must depend on the executive for enforcement of its decisions. It has the power of the sword and the power of judgment but lacks the power of the purse The federal government is further from the people and thus less accountable. It must depend on the executive for enforcement of its decisions. Which of the following constitutional amendments is most related to the issue shown on the map?Required to answer. Single choice. Eighth Amendment Sixteenth Amendment Second Amendment Twenty-Sixth Amendment Eighth Amendment The president privately discusses with his staff a decision to increase economic sanctions on Iran. Before a final decision is made, a draft of the proposal is leaked to a reporter. The president orders the reporter and her newspaper to suspend publication of the plan, citing issues of national and economic security. Which of the following best indicates how a court would rule in this case if the Supreme Court's ruling in New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) was used as a precedent?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Freedom of the press includes a heavy presumption against government censorship, and the documents can be published by the press. Although the documents have already been obtained by the press, a court must review the documents prior to publication to ensure that no information that threatens national security is made public. Because the president's staff leaked the documents and the newspaper obtained them in a legal manner, they may be published without prior restraint. The president has the authority to stop the publication of the story because the administration has asserted that the information in the story threatens national security Freedom of the press includes a heavy presumption against government censorship, and the documents can be published by the press. Chart: Supreme Court Appellate JurisdictionWhich of the following describes the origin of the United States court system presented in the diagram?Required to answer. Single choice. The number of federal courts is greater than the number of state courts. Cases arising at both the state and federal level may be appealed to the United States Supreme Court. State supreme courts have the final say in all cases arising in the states. The United States District Court is the starting place for all cases going to the United States Supreme Court. Cases arising at both the state and federal level may be appealed to the United States Supreme Court. Which of the following scenarios illustrates Washington's concerns?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Ideological divisions within Congress can lead to partisan gridlock. Members of the press fail to report on the illegal activities of certain members of the bureaucracy. Federalism can lead to different public policy outcomes between states. An increasing number of voters are not turning out to vote in elections. Ideological divisions within Congress can lead to partisan gridlock. Which of the following illustrates a situation that would not be protected by the First Amendment due to time, place, and manner restrictions?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) An organization regarded as a hate group is not able to obtain a permit to march through a major city because of its message Antibusiness protestors are arrested and prosecuted for shutting down major intersections in New York City's Times Square during rush hour. An independent political advocacy organization is prevented by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) from running political advertisements on television. A student is expelled from school for wearing a black T-shirt expressing opposition to a law recently passed by the state legislature Antibusiness protestors are arrested and prosecuted for shutting down major intersections in New York City's Times Square during rush hour. Which of the following scenarios best explains the inclusion of Title IX as part of the Education Amendments of 1972?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Paid lobbyists added the amendment on behalf of teachers unions in order to increase pay and tenure for public school teachers President Lyndon Johnson used the power of the bully pulpit to pressure members of Congress to pass a bill that would legally desegregate schools Members of Congress added the amendment to the bill in response to social movements seeking to address inequality in education for women The Department of Justice added the amendment in order to provide legal guidance to states to enforce the Equal Rights Amendment Members of Congress added the amendment to the bill in response to social movements seeking to address inequality in education for women Graph: Percent of Spending Bills Passed on Time (On or Before October 1) by Congress for Each Fiscal YearWhich of the following statements is true based on the Bar Graph?Required to answer. Single choice. From 1989 to 1991, 100 percent of stand-alone appropriations bills were passed on time. In 2017, 50 percent of stand-alone appropriations bills were passed on time. In 1981, 25 percent of stand-alone appropriations bills were passed on time. From 2011 to 2016, no stand-alone appropriations bills were passed on time. From 2011 to 2016, no stand-alone appropriations bills were passed on time. Which of the following is the most accurate comparison of the processes that generally facilitate gridlock and those that facilitate governmental action?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Facilitates Gridlock: Checks and Balances; Facilitates Action: Executive Orders Facilitates Gridlock: Bully pulpit; Facilitates Action: Judicial Review Facilitates Gridlock: Gerrymandering; Facilitates Action: Partisanship Facilitates Gridlock: Ideological news sources; Facilitates Action: Bicameral Legislation Facilitates Gridlock: Checks and Balances; Facilitates Action: Executive Orders Which of the following is an accurate comparison of rights protected and not protected by the First Amendment?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Protected by the First Amendment: The right to burn a flag; Not Protected by the First Amendment: Obscenity Protected by the First Amendment: Libel/Slander; Not Protected by the First Amendment: Fighting Words Protected by the First Amendment: Freedom of Religion; Not Protected by the First Amendment: Freedom of Assembly Protected by the First Amendment: Online newspapers ; Not Protected by the First Amendment: The right of a student to pray in school. Protected by the First Amendment: The right to burn a flag; Not Protected by the First Amendment: Obscenity Chart: Supreme Court Appellate JurisdictionWhich of the following describes the origin of the United States court system presented in the diagram? Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court, while other federal courts were established by Congress Marbury v. Madison (1803) allowed Congress to create other federal courts. Article II of the Constitution established the three-tiered court system and the jurisdiction of each court in each tier. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) allowed the Supreme Court to establish other federal courts. Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court, while other federal courts were established by Congress Which of the following scenarios is an example of the trustee model of representation?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) The NAACP leadership sends representatives to Washington to lobby for changes to the Voting Rights Act Congress passes a bill allocating money to clean up nuclear waste sites after a wave of large-scale peaceful protests A member of Congress votes to close a popular tax loophole based on the belief that the money would be better spent paying down the national debt. A presidential candidate advocates using an executive order to increase the minimum wage for federal contractors. A member of Congress votes to close a popular tax loophole based on the belief that the money would be better spent paying down the national debt. The clause of the United States Constitution that was used in the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) wasRequired to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) The necessary and proper clause The due process clause The equal protection clause The free exercise clause The equal protection clause After extensive polling, a member of the House of Representatives learns that her constituents favor universal background checks for all gun purchases. Based on this information, the representative votes in favor of background checks in a criminal justice bill, although she personally opposes the provision. In doing so, she is acting as aRequired to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) committee chair trustee delegate politico delegate Which of the following statements is correct based on the bar chart?Required to answer. Single choice. Most Independents believe that the Supreme Court should base its rulings on what the Constitution meant as originally written. The more consistently liberal a person is, the more that person is likely to believe that the Supreme Court should base its rulings on what the Constitution means in current times. The more consistently conservative a person is, the more that person is likely to believe that the Supreme Court should base its rulings on what the Constitution means in current times. Most Democrats believe that the Supreme Court should base its rulings on what the Constitution meant as originally written. The more consistently liberal a person is, the more that person is likely to believe that the Supreme Court should base its rulings on what the Constitution means in current times. Which of the following accurately compares the powers of Congress and the president?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Congress Has Greater Control: Budgetary Policy; President Has Greater Control: Cabinet Appointments Congress Has Greater Control: Military Leadership; President Has Greater Control: Foreign Treaties Congress Has Greater Control: Judicial Appointments; President Has Greater Control: Foreign Policy Congress Has Greater Control: The Bureaucracy; President Has Greater Control: Fiscal Policy Congress Has Greater Control: Budgetary Policy; President Has Greater Control: Cabinet Appointments Which of the following is an accurate description of the powers of the House of Representatives and the Senate?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) House of Representatives: Deploys troops for foreign combat; Senate: Negotiates treaties with foreign countries House of Representatives: Ratifies treaties submitted by the President; Senate: Ratifies executive orders submitted by the President House of Representatives: Conducts impeachment trials; Senate: Passes articles of Impeachment House of Representatives: Initiates all revenue bills; Senate: Confirms Presidential appointments House of Representatives: Initiates all revenue bills; Senate: Confirms Presidential appointments The Supreme Court ruled in McDonald v. Chicago (2010) that a citizen's right to keep and bear arms at home for self-defense is protected from state and federal infringement. Which of the following is most relevant to that decision?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Equal protection Eminent domain Full faith and credit Selective incorporation Selective incorporation Congress passes a law requiring that all public accommodations provide access for people with disabilities. The United States Supreme Court rules that the law does not apply to the airline industry. Which of the following is the best way for Congress to provide people with disabilities access to the airline industry in light of the Court's ruling?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Override the court with a two-thirds majority in both chambers Appeal the ruling to the United States Court of Appeals Remove members of the Supreme Court who ruled against the law and have the president appoint new justices Pass a new law that specifies that the airlines must provide access for people with disabilities Pass a new law that specifies that the airlines must provide access for people with disabilities Which of the following provisions of the Bill of Rights could support the actions that César Chávez is encouraging the farmworkers to take?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) The right to assemble The right to an attorney The right to bear arms The right to fair trial The right to assemble A new president has been elected after running on a campaign of lowering taxes and reducing spending on discretionary programs but now must work with Congress to ensure legislation passes which achieves those goals. Which of the leaders in the diagram plays the most crucial role in shaping the legislation that the president wants passed?Required to answer. Single choice. Speaker of the House House majority leader President pro-tempore Vice president Speaker of the House A group unhappy with local law enforcement distributes a memo to members encouraging physical confrontations with police officers. The leaders of the group are promptly arrested. Which of the following Supreme Court cases best justifies the actions taken by law enforcement in this scenario?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) New York Times v. United States (1971) Engel v. Vitale (1962) Schenck v. United States (1919) Schenck v. United States (1919) Which of the following enumerated powers would permit Congress to stimulate the economy by hiring unemployed citizens?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) The power to pass a federal budget The power to create immigration policies The power to regulate interstate commerce The power of legislative oversight The power to pass a federal budget Which of the following best describes what the artist is arguing in the cartoon? Presidential appointments of Justices needs to be eliminated Increased partisanship in the Supreme Court is a bad thing Term limits for Supreme Court Justices are needed. Judicial Activism is a better approach than Judicial Restraint Increased partisanship in the Supreme Court is a bad thing Which of the following factors most likely led to shifts in Supreme Court decision making over time? The ideological composition of the justices on the Supreme Court shifted to become less liberal over time. After 1960, the Supreme Court deferred to the wishes of state and local governments rather than voting to expand the authority of the federal government. Rather than pass new legislation, Congress was inclined to refer civil rights legislation to the Supreme Court. Constitutional amendments enabled the Supreme Court to issue more liberal decisions. The ideological composition of the justices on the Supreme Court shifted to become less liberal over time. Which of the following Supreme Court cases is most relevant to the topic of the article?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Engel v. Vitale (1962) Baker v. Carr (1962) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) McDonald v. Chicago (2010) McDonald v. Chicago (2010) A woman is arrested for possessing illegal substances that were obtained after a warrantless search of her home by local police. Which of the following best explains whether the evidence could be used in a criminal trial?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) The due process rights of the Fifth Amendment require that the evidence be reviewed by the prosecution before being admitted as evidence in court. The exclusionary rule, derived from the Fourth Amendment, prevents the evidence from being used against the suspect Since the evidence obtained suggests illegal activity, the evidence may be used against the defendant in a criminal trial. If the case is in the state court system, the evidence can be used against the defendant The exclusionary rule, derived from the Fourth Amendment, prevents the evidence from being used against the suspect Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the establishment clause and the free exercise clause?Required to answer. Single choice.(1/1 Point) Establishment Clause: Provides a wall of separation of between church and state; Free-Exercise Clause: Not a civil liberty incorporated to states Establishment Clause: Used by founders to establish Christianity as the national religion; Free-Exercise Clause: Reflects a basic belief in the protection of religious freedom. Establishment Clause: Ensures that all students must attend public school regardless of religious views; Free-Exercise Clause: Protects against school-led prayer ceremonies Establishment Clause: Prohibits the federal government from promoting religion or creating a national religion; Free-Exercise Clause: Protects an individual's religious beliefs and reasonable religious practices Establishment Clause: Prohibits the federal government from promoting religion or creating a national religion; Free-Exercise Clause: Protects an individual's religious beliefs and reasonable religious practices If a college's admission policy to reserve twenty seats in its incoming class for applicants belonging to racial minority groups is challenged in the courts, a judge is likely toRequired to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) strike down the policy because it did not apply to women as well as racial minorities uphold the policy because only a small percentage of the total seats for incoming students are affected strike down the policy because the percentage of seats reserved is less than the percentage of minority citizens in the general population uphold the policy because it provides additional opportunities for minority applicants strike down the policy because reserving seats amounts to a quota system strike down the policy because reserving seats amounts to a quota system Based on the data in the chart, which of the following is true? The number of civil rights and civil liberties cases heard by the federal district courts decreased between 1972 and 1992. The percentage of liberal decisions made by the Supreme Court on civil rights and civil liberties cases decreased between 1964 and 1996. The number of civil rights and civil liberties cases heard by the Supreme Court declined between 1944 and 1952. The percentage of liberal decisions made by the federal district courts on civil rights and civil liberties cases increased between 1900 and 1928. The percentage of liberal decisions made by the Supreme Court on civil rights and civil liberties cases decreased between 1964 and 1996. Which of the following best describes how the artist likely feels about the demographic history of the Supreme Court?Required to answer. Single choice. Presidents always appoint people to the Supreme Court that reflect their parties demographics. The Supreme Court has overwhelmingly been dominated by white males, and that is a good thing. Republicans have had an outsized influence on selecting members of the Supreme Court. Because of lifelong terms, while the Executive and Legislative Branches have become more diverse, the Judicial Branch has not. Because of lifelong terms, while the Executive and Legislative Branches have become more diverse, the Judicial Branch has not. What might be a significant effect of "court-packing"?Required to answer. Single choice. Court-Packing can only happen once, so Presidents must be careful when choosing when the best time to use it will be. The Supreme Court will become increasingly partisan. Presidents will always choose a candidate that reflects their own political views. Presidential appointments to the Supreme Court will be used as part of their Election campaign. The Supreme Court will become increasingly partisan. Which of the following Supreme Court cases established that those accused of felonies who cannot afford legal counsel are entitled to legal counsel provided by the state?Required to answer. Single choice.(0/1 Point) Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) United States v. Lopez (1995) McDonald v. Chicago (2010) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) Based on your knowledge and the diagram, which of the following is true regarding the leadership structure of Congress? The vice president is responsible for creating and setting the legislative agenda for the Senate. The majority leaders in both chambers work to ensure that a bipartisan agenda is passed in the Congress. The Speaker of the House has very little power to control members of the majority party in the House of Representatives. The role of the minority leader in both the House of Representatives and the Senate is to coordinate a strategy for the minority party. The role of the minority leader in both the House of Representatives and the Senate is to coordinate a strategy for the minority party. What is the origin of the federal court system?The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the federal court system separate from individual state courts. It was one of the first acts of the First Congress. President George Washington signed it into law on September 24, 1789.
How is the American court system organized quizlet?The three-tiered structure of the federal courts, comprising U.S. district courts, U. S. courts of appeals, and the U. S. Supreme Court. A state judicial structure and most states generally have at least three court levels: trial courts, appellate courts, and a state supreme court.
Who created the federal court system quizlet?The U.S. Federal Court system was created by the: U.S. Constitution. Article III, Section 1.
How is the federal court system structured?The federal court system has three main levels: district courts (the trial court), circuit courts which are the first level of appeal, and the Supreme Court of the United States, the final level of appeal in the federal system.
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Which of the following describes the origin of the United States court system presented in the diagram?
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