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Which of the following guidelines is most important to follow when editing at the sentence level?

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Editing vs. Revision

What is the difference between editing and revision? We often use the two terms interchangeably and yet there are some important distinctions. True revision requires seeing your writing from a completely different perspective which can be facilitated by another reader's comments and questions.

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 Editing

  • is on a sentence level, addressing problems with spelling, grammar, punctuation, or word choice.
  • is one-sided. The editor writes comments and corrections on the paper and returns the paper to the writer.
  • is hierarchical. An editor looks for "mistakes" and "fixes" them. An editor places value on writing (such as a grade).
  • focuses on the paper as a product.

 Revising

  • deals with the paper as a whole, considering strengths and weaknesses, arguments, focus and organization, support, and voice, as well as mechanical issues.
  • is dialogue-based. The purpose or revision is to ask questions, expanding ideas and challenging arguments which require discussion between the writer and the reader.
  • is non-hierarchical. Offering questions and making observations allow the writer and reader to hold separate and valid opinions. The purpose of discussion is to expand and clarify ideas rather than "correct" them.
  • focuses on the writer in the process of writing and increasing the writer's understanding of the paper's strengths and weaknesses.
  • clarifies and focuses the writer's arguments by defining terms, making concessions and counter-arguments, and using evidence. This may involve moving or removing entire paragraphs, extending or narrowing ideas, rewriting vague or confusing text, and adding to existing paragraphs.

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Monica Ng

Student Learning Center, University of California, Berkeley

©1996 UC Regents

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Manuscript English Editing

The following provides advice for authors on specific language points, to ensure that their manuscript matches the MDPI style. All manuscripts should be submitted with good English and clear phrasing for the benefit of editors and reviewers.

Papers accepted after peer review undergo English language editing for minor issues, however, if you think your paper would benefit from editing at an earlier stage, you may request it via the MDPI English editing service. If you use an alternative service that provides an editing confirmation certificate, please send a copy to the Editorial Office. Authors from economically developing countries (or nations) should consider registration with AuthorAid, a global research community that provides networking, mentoring, resources and training for researchers. The following are English language guidelines for submissions to MDPI journals:
  • American English or UK English are fine so long as there is consistency.
  • Please capitalize all words in headings including hyphenated words (e.g. Anti-Antagonist), except conjunctions (and, or, but, nor, yet, so, for), articles (a, an, the), and all prepositions (including those of five letters or more) (in, to, of, at, by, up, for, off, on, against, between, among, under). First and last words in the title are always capitalized.
  • Define abbreviations the first time they are mentioned in the abstract, text; also the first time they are mentioned in a table or figure.
  • Keywords are not capitalized.
  • All websites need to be referenced as does unpublished data or personal communications.
  • Use the em dash (symbol 2014) instead of commas in a sentence when explaining something, for example: ...from known processes—QED, the weak interaction, and hadronic vacuum polarization—are believed to be understood at the sub-ppm level.
  • Use the en dash (2013) between numbers and words replacing "to", for example 4–6 mL; superconductor–normal metal interface; east–west transects; also in composite names, e.g. Wigner–Seitz cells.
  • Capitalize words such as Group, Section, Method, etc. if followed by a number, e.g. "In Group 4, five patients..."
  • The 'th' in 19th or 20th should NOT be written in superscript.
  • Dates are written out in the full, April 20, 2004 (or 20 April, 2004) rather than 20.4.04
  • Write 1990s rather than with an apostrophe (1990’s) or just 90s.
  • There is no space after > or < unless it is between two figures, i.e. 7 < 10.
  • IC50: 50 always in subscript, also EC50, LC50, LD50, TC50
  • The measurement mL: the L is always a capital.
  • For consistency, in table/figure headings put brackets round (A) (B) and make A and B bold.
  • Write don't, can't... in full, i.e. do not, cannot
  • Numbers 1 to 9 are written in full, except if part of a measurement (6–8 mL) or in the experimental/materials/methods section.
  • Numbers at the beginning of a sentence should be written in full, i.e. 152 mL must be written as: One hundred and fifty two milliliters.
  • A sentence should not start with But or And (use however or find alternatives).
  • If a reference is written at the beginning of a sentence, e.g. "[12] studied...", insert the author's name before the reference number, e.g. "Smith [12] studied" or write “The authors of [13] studied
There is a space after a number and before °C and units such as μL, h, min, days, but NOT before % or ° (angle).

Which of the following strategies is a good method for proofreading a draft?

All of these strategies are good methods for proofreading a draft: placing a ruler or piece of paper under each line as you read to keep your eyes from jumping ahead, reading the text one sentence at a time, beginning with the last sentence and working backward, and having someone read your text aloud to you while you ...

What is done during the editing and proofreading stage of the writing process?

Editing involves looking at each sentence carefully, and making sure that it's well designed and serves its purpose. Proofreading involves checking for grammatical and punctuation errors, spelling mistakes, etc. Proofing is the final stage of the writing process.

What are some editing strategies?

Editing Strategies.
Always Think About Your Target Audience. As you edit, keep in mind the target audience for your writing. ... .
Start with Sentences. ... .
Consider Words. ... .
Check Grammatical Details. ... .
Don't Forget Punctuation and Spelling. ... .
Try a Sample. ... .
Start with Problem Areas. ... .
Read from the End to the Beginning..

What are some strategies for effective editing and proofreading?

Proofreading Techniques.
Read your paper aloud. Sometimes writing sounds different in your head than it sounds on paper..
Make a list of errors that you commonly make and keep an eye out for them..
Read the text backwards. ... .
Proofread for only one type of error at a time..
Double check everything: ... .
Read slowly and carefully..

guidelines important follow editing sentence level

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