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The 19th century was a revolutionary period for European history and a time of great transformation in all spheres of life. Human and civil rights, democracy and nationalism, industrialisation and free market systems, all ushered in a period of change and chance. By the end of the century Europe had reached the peak of its global power. Social and national tensions as well as international rivalries festered however - all exploding in conflict at the beginning of the 20th century. Audio guide:
The 19th century – an age of revolutions! Taking inspiration from the French Revolution of 1789, people across Europe challenged
aristocratic ruling classes and fought for the development of civil and human rights, democracy and national independence. Nationalism emerged as a revolutionary claim promising citizens more involvement in democracy, but it was exclusive, imagining a world of national territories inhabited by ethnically similar people. Some visionary Europeans, however, hoped for the unity of the continent beyond national allegiances. Audio guide: MARKETS AND PEOPLESteam, smoke, factories, noise – all announced the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain. To different degrees manufacturing then spread across Europe turning the continent into the world centre of industrialisation, finance and commerce. New technical innovations initiated industrial progress with steam power driving the development of heavy industry. Methods of production were totally transformed and large factories with thousands of workers mass produced industrial and consumer goods. Audio guides:
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYSpeed, dynamism and a belief in progress defined Europe at the end of the 19th century. Railways, electricity, cinema, photography and new theories in science and medicine affirmed Europe’s leading role in this technological coming of age. A time of optimism beckoned. The arrival of the age of railways demonstrated Europe’s advance as an assured technological world leader. Industrialisation expanded and long-distance travel became possible across all social classes. Audio guide:
IMPERIALISMThe 19th century witnessed a globally dominant Europe. Empires expanded, colonies amassed – all pushed energetically forward by the Industrial Revolution. Colonies provided the raw materials and luxury commodities to meet rising consumer demand, in return promising vast markets for European products. Abuse and inequality were excused as a necessary part of ‘civilising’ savage peoples. The gradual ending of slavery was followed by new forms of intolerance and racism. By 1914 European countries ruled about 30 % of the world’s population. Europe had been involved in overseas exploration and trade for centuries, but the benefits of the Industrial Revolution enabled Europe to tighten its grip on other continents. Audio guide:
journal article The Global Transformation: The Nineteenth Century and the Making of Modern International RelationsInternational Studies Quarterly Vol. 57, No. 3 (September 2013) , pp. 620-634 (15 pages) Published By: Wiley https://www.jstor.org/stable/24017929 Read and download Log in through your school or library Read Online (Free) relies on page scans, which are not currently available to screen readers. To access this article, please contact JSTOR User Support. We'll provide a PDF copy for your screen reader.With a personal account, you can read up to 100 articles each month for free. Get StartedAlready have an account? Log in Monthly Plan
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Abstract Unlike many other social sciences, international relations (IR) spend relatively little time assessing the impact of the nineteenth century on its principal subject matter. As a result, the discipline fails to understand the ways in which a dramatic reconfiguration of power during the "long nineteenth century" served to recast core features of international order. This article examines the extent of this lacuna and establishes the ways in which processes of industrialization, rational state-building, and ideologies of progress served to destabilize existing forms of order and promote novel institutional formations. The changing character of organized violence is used to illustrate these changes. The article concludes by examining how IR could be rearticulated around a more pronounced engagement with "the global transformation." Journal Information International Studies Quarterly, an official journal of the International Studies Association, seeks to acquaint a broad audience of readers with the best research being done in the variety of intellectual traditions included under the rubric of international studies. Therefore, the editors welcome all submissions addressing this community's theoretical, empirical, and normative concerns. First preference will continue to be given to articles that address and contribute to important disciplinary and interdisciplinary questions and controversies. JSTOR provides a digital archive of the print version of International Studies Quarterly. Publisher Information Wiley is a global provider of content and content-enabled workflow solutions in areas of scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly research; professional development; and education. Our core businesses produce scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, reference works, books, database services, and advertising; professional books, subscription products, certification and training services and online applications; and education content and services including integrated online teaching and learning resources for undergraduate and graduate students and lifelong learners. Founded in 1807, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has been a valued source of information and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations. Wiley has published the works of more than 450 Nobel laureates in all categories: Literature, Economics, Physiology or Medicine, Physics, Chemistry, and Peace. Wiley has partnerships with many of the world’s leading societies and publishes over 1,500 peer-reviewed journals and 1,500+ new books annually in print and online, as well as databases, major reference works and laboratory protocols in STMS subjects. With a growing open access offering, Wiley is committed to the widest possible dissemination of and access to the content we publish and supports all sustainable models of access. Our online platform, Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) is one of the world’s most extensive multidisciplinary collections of online resources, covering life, health, social and physical sciences, and humanities. Rights & Usage This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. Which of the following highlights the social implications of Europe's nineteenth century imperialism?Which of the following highlights the social implications of Europe's nineteenth-century imperialism? Imperialism promised to solve the class conflicts of an industrializing society.
Which of the following reflects the economic impact of nineteenth century imperialism on the colonies of European empires?Which of the following describes the effect of European imperialism on its colonies by the end of the nineteenth century? More land and labor were devoted to production for the global market than ever before.
Which of the following was an outcome of European rule in the 19th century?Which of the following was an outcome of European rule in the nineteenth century? European colonial rulers emphasized Western education in the colonies, resulting in a new elite that displaced traditional elites.
What role did the Industrial Revolution play in Europe's nineteenth century expansion quizlet?What role did the Industrial Revolution play in Europe's nineteenth-century expansion? Colonies provided the labor for the factories in Europe. Colonies provided the capital to invest in factories. Colonies provided markets for European goods.
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Which of the following highlights the economic aspects of europes nineteenth-century expansion?
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