The nurse is setting up an education session with an 85-year-old patient who will be going home on anticoagulant therapy. Which strategy would reflect consideration of aging changes that may exist with this patient? A. Show a colorful video about anticoagulation therapy. D. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented. Rationale: Option D addresses altered perception in two ways. First, by using visual aids to reinforce verbal instructions, one addresses the possibility of decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds. By developing the handouts in large print, one addresses the possibility of decreased visual acuity. Option A does not allow discussion of the information; furthermore, the text and print may be small and difficult to read and understand. When developing the plan of care for an older adult who is hospitalized for an acute illness, the nurse should A. use a standardized geriatric nursing care plan. C. consider the preadmission functional abilities when setting patient goals. Rationale: The plan of care for older adults should be individualized and based on the patients current functional abilities. A standardized geriatric nursing care plan is unlikely to address individual patient needs and strengths. A patients need for discharge to a long-term-care facility is variable. Activity level should be designed to allow the patient to retain functional abilities while hospitalized and also to allow any additional rest needed for recovery from the acute process. Which information obtained by the home health nurse when making a visit to an 88-year-old with mild forgetfulness is of the most concern? A. The patient's son uses a marked pillbox to set up the patient's medications weekly. B. The patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month. Rationale: A 10-pound weight loss may be an indication of elder neglect or depression and requires further assessment by the nurse. A 70-year-old client asks the nurse to explain to her about hypertension. An appropriate response by the nurse as to why older clients often have hypertension is due to: A. Myocardial muscle damage D. Accumulation of plaque on arterial walls In reviewing changes in the older adult, the nurse recognizes that which of the following statements related to cognitive functioning in the older client is true? A. Delirium is usually easily distinguished from irreversible dementia. C. Reversible systemic disorders are often implicated as a cause of delirium. Rationale: Delirium is a potentially reversible cognitive impairment that is often due to a physiological cause such as an electrolyte imbalance, cerebral anoxia, hypoglycemia, medications, tumors, cerebrovascular infection, or hemorrhage. Which of the following interventions should be taken to help an older client to prevent osteoporosis? A. Decrease dietary calcium intake. D. Encourage regular exercise. Rationale: Key word in question is prevent Which of the following statements accurately reflects data that the nurse should use in planning care to meet the needs of the older adult? A. 50% of older
adults have two chronic health problems. D. Adults older than 65 years of age are the greatest users of prescription medications. Rationale: Approximately two thirds of older adults use prescription and nonprescription drugs with one third of all prescriptions being written for older adults The nurse is aware that the majority of older adults: A. Live alone D. Are actively involved in their community The nurse works with elderly clients in a wellness screening clinic on a weekly basis. Which of the following statements made by the nurse is the most therapeutic regarding their mobility? A. "Your shoulder pain is normal for your age." B. "Continue to exercise your joints regularly to your tolerance level." A long-term care facility sponsors a discussion group on the administration of medications. The participants have a number of questions concerning their medications. The nurse responds most appropriately by saying: A. "Don't worry about the medication's name if you can identify it by its color and shape." C. "Feel free to ask your physician why you are receiving the medications that are prescribed for you." Rationale: The nurse should encourage the older adult to question the physician and/or pharmacist about all prescribed drugs and over-the-counter drugs. The older adult should be taught the names of all drugs being taken, when and how to take them, and the desirable and undesirable effects of the drugs. In performing a physical assessment for an older adult, the nurse anticipates finding which of the following normal physiological changes of aging? A. Increased perspiration B. Increased airway resistance Rational: Normal physiological changes of aging include increased airway resistance in the older adult. The older adult would be expected to have decreased perspiration and drier skin as they experience glandular atrophy (oil, moisture, sweat glands) in the integumentary system. The older adult would be expected to have a decrease in saliva. A normal physiological change of the older adult related to hearing is a loss of acuity for high-frequency tones (presbycusis). There are factors that influence the musculoskeletal system associated with aging. The nurse recognizes that with age: A. Men have the greatest incidence of osteoporosis C. Weight-bearing exercise reduces the loss of bone mass Which of the following statements, made by the daughter of an older adult client concerning bringing her mother home to live with her family, presents the greatest concern for the nurse? A. "If this doesn't work out, she can always go to live with my sister." B. "I don't think she will react very well to me making decisions for her." The nurse, preparing to discharge an 81-year-old client from the hospital, recognizes that the majority of older adults: A.
Require institutional care D. Are capable of taking charge of their own lives Which of the following responses by an older-adult client is most reflective of a need for further education by the nurse regarding the physiological changes associated with the older adult? A. "I call a cab if I want to go out after dark." B. "I can't help worrying about becoming forgetful." Which of the following statements made by a family member of a client recently diagnosed with early stages of Alzheimer's disease is most reflective of an understanding of this disease process? A. "Dad has always been a fighter; he'll fight this too. He won't give up." B. "We have an appointment with his care provider to see about medication therapy." The nurse is planning client education for an older adult being prepared for discharge home after hospitalization for a cardiac problem. Which nursing action addresses the most commonly determined need for this age-group? A. Suggest that he purchase an emergency in-home alert system. Encourage the client to use a compartmentalized pill storage container for his daily medications. An assisted living facility has provided its clients with an educational program on safe administration of prescribed medications. Which statement made by an older-adult client reflects the best understanding of safe self-administration of medications? A. "I don't seem to have problems with side effects, but I'll let my doctor know if something happens." C. "I'll be sure to read the inserts and ask the pharmacist if I don't understand something." Which of the following client statements regarding self-medication administration by an older-adult client requires follow-up teaching by the nurse? A. "I take all the pills ordered once a day at bedtime, so I'm less likely to forget them." A. "I take all the pills ordered once a day at bedtime, so I'm less likely to forget them." Which of the following statements made by an older-adult client poses the greatest concern for the nurse conducting an assessment regarding the clients adjustment to the aging process? A. "I use to enjoy dancing and jogging so much, but now I have arthritis in my knees so that it's hard to even walk." D. "As I age I've found its harder to do the things I love doing, but I guess it will all be over soon enough." Of the following options, which is the greatest barrier to providing quality health care to the older-adult client? A. Poor client compliance resulting from generalized
diminished capacity D. Preconceived assumptions regarding the lifestyles and attitudes of this group A patient is taking delayed-release omeprazole (Prilosec) capsules for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which statement will the nurse include in the teaching plan about this medication? A. "Take this medication once a day after breakfast." D. "The entire capsule should be taken whole, not crushed, chewed, or opened." The nurse defines ageism most accurately as: A. The undervaluing of individuals based on their age. D. Discrimination based on an individual's increasing age A nurse is caring for an older adult client preparing for discharge to a nursing center after having hip surgery. Which of the following nursing responses is most therapeutic with a client's concern that she, will never go back home? A. "What makes you think that this transfer to the nursing center will be permanent?" A. "What makes you think that this transfer to the nursing center will be permanent?" A nurse caring for older adults in an assistive living facility recognizes that a clients quality of life needs are best determined by: A. Excellent physical, social, and emotional nursing assessments C. A therapeutic nurse-client relationship that facilitates communication Which of the following statements made by a nurse reflects the best understanding of the health value of conducting a blood pressure (BP) screening at a senior citizens centers health fair? A. "This is a high risk group, so assessing BP allows us to identify clients at risk and send them for treatment." B. "Older adults enjoy health fairs, so it's a good place to screen substantial numbers of clients for hypertension." The three common conditions affecting cognition in the older adults are: A. Stroke, MI, Cancer C. Delirium, Depression, Dementia A client has been recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. When teaching the family about the prognosis, the nurse must explain that: A. Diet and exercise can slow the process considerably B. It usually progresses gradually with a deterioration of function An overall, general assessment of an older adult patient is best performed in which setting? A. During a meal. C. While assisting a patient with a bath. When caring for the older adult, it is important to: Student Response Value Correct Answer Feedback B. Treat the client as an individual with a unique history of his or her own. When administering a mental status examination to a patient with delirium, the nurse should A. give the examination when the patient is well-rested. B. choose a place without distracting environmental stimuli. When performing a comprehensive geriatric assessment of an older adult, focus of the nursing assessment is on the patient's: A. Physical signs of aging. C. Functional abilities. Of the following, which describes dementia? A. Quick onset, irreversible B. Slow onset, chronic When a fall results in injury and hospitalization, a cycle of disuse may occur over time. When establishing a care plan for the patient and family to prevent this, it is important to remember disuse is most likely a result of: A. Decreasing muscle strength. C. Fear of repeated falls. What is the best resource (of those listed below) for identifying information regarding an older adult's current functional ability? A.
Psychological tests and related exams D. Neighbor who visits daily and helps the person to the store weekly. When caring for an older adult patient, the nurse uses the following interventions to accommodate visual changes with age:
A. Eye glasses in the bedside table. B. Adequate lighting and uncluttered walkways. The primary reason an older adult client is more likely to develop a pressure ulcer on the elbow as compared to a middle-age adult is: A. A reduced skin elasticity is common in the older adult
C. The older client has less subcutaneous padding on the elbows While bathing an elderly client who has limited abilities for self-care, the nurse notices several patches of dry skin on the clients heels, elbows, and coccyx. The nurse cleans and dries all the areas well and applies a moisturizing lotion. The most appropriate immediate follow-up by the nurse to ensure appropriate nursing care for this clients skin is to: A. Revise the client's care plan to show the need for the application of moisturizing lotion A. Revise the client's care plan to show the need for the application of moisturizing lotion A 76-year-old adult female is brought to a neighborhood client after being found wandering around the local park. The client appears disheveled and reports being hungry. Which of the following assessment and interview findings would cause the nurse to suspect elder abuse? (Select all that apply.) A. Falls asleep in the examination room B. Repeatedly states, "Don't hurt me." One reason for medication problems in the elderly is that 1. Regular use of laxatives increases absorption of medications 2. Decreased renal function slows excretion of drugs You are caring for a 78 year-old female cardiac patient. In preconference, your clinical instructor asks you what is an age-related change in the cardiac system of the older adult? Your best response would be Student Response Value Correct Answer Feedback 2. Decreased cardiac output The most common affective or mood disorder of old age is 1. dementia. 2. depression. Your patient assigned to you has pneumonia. You are reviewing the age-related changed involved with the older adult. Select all age-related changes of the respiratory system that apply. 1. Decreased in residual lung volume 2. Decreased gas exchange The leading cause of injury and preventable source of mortality and morbidity in older adults is 1. presbycusis. 4. falls. Which medication prevents the breakdown of a brain chemical important for memory and thinking and may slow the progress of Alzheimer's disease. 1. memantine (Namenda) 3. donepezil (Aricept) |
Which of the following interventions should be taken to help an older client to prevent osteoporosis
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