What increment of platelets/uL (platelets/L), in the typical 70 kg human, is expected to results from each single unit of Platelets transfused to a non-HLA-sensitized recipient? Show a. 3,000-5,000 c Symptoms of hemolytic transfusion reactions are fever, chills, flushing, chest and back pain, hypotension, nausea, dyspnea, shock, renal failure, and DIC. Circulatory overload, allergic and anaphylactic reactions are not characterized by fever. certain groups of immunocompromised patients at particular risk of TA-GvHD: ---pts with Hematologic malignancies ---transplant recipients ---patients with congenital or T-cell immunodeficiency, eg, Wiskott-Aldrich ---recipients of granulocyte concentrates ---patients receiving nucleoside analogs: --- treatment with purine analogue
drugs: --- patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (Source: Practical Clinical Pathology, 2nd Ed, Mais, p104)
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Get faster at matching terms Terms in this set (116)The majority of HLA antibodies are _____ Immunoglobulins: IgG Which of the following questions should be asked when investigating a transfusion reaction
How may mL of RBCs were transfused Which of the following is NOT a finding associated with intravascular hemolytic reaction? Methemalbumin decrease Which of the following incorporates membrane filtration with intermittent flow centrifugation ( IFC)? Fenwal Autopheresis-C All of the following are diseases that can mimic a transfusion reaction except AML For a patient who has suffered an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, the primary treatment goal is: Reverse hypotension and minimize renal failure Between which two loci are recombination (crossing over) most likely to occur? Cardiac arrest and arrythmia What type of hemolysis accompanies an anaphalytic reaction? None of the above How is histocompatibility testing different from RBC testing? None of the above Upon investigation of DHTR, what should be included in the medical history? All of the above Hypothemia as a result of cold fluid replacement can result in all of the following except: Citrate toxicity A person participating in a serial apheresis program would not: Lose more than 25mL of RBCs per week All of the following signs are consistent with circulatory overload except: Fever What may be found in the serum of a person who is exhibiting signs of a noncardiogenic pulmonsry edema reaction? Antileukocyte antibody Which of the following conditions would necessitate a plasmapheresis procedure? Barbiturate poisoning Which of the following best describes a transfusion reaction? Any unfavorable transfusion related event occurring in a patient during or after transfusion of blood components A delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction is most often a result of An anamnestic response in a patient who has been previously sensitized by transfusion or pregnancy Immediate transfusion reaction procedure consist of all of the following except: Serum haptoglobin How can depletion and dilution of coagulation factors be avoided in a massively transfused patient? Prudent use of platelets and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) How is complement detected in HLA testing? Uptake of trypan blue dye What is meant by the term public as applied to HLA antibodies? Binding epitopes shared by more than one HLA gene product Which of the following should be collected 5 to 7 hours after transfusion for unconjugated bilirubin determinants? Clotted blood specimen In plateletpheresis, which of the following components is returned to donor? A and C The removal of endotoxin from patient can be assisted through the use of which adsorbent during plasmapheresis procedure? Polymyxin B A double-lung transplant is indicated in which of the following disorders? Cystic fibrosis Treatment in the event of an anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reaction include all of the following except: Immediately administering PPF In the US fatalities associated with transfusion are required to be reported to which organization? CDC What effect does aspirin have on platelets? prevents platelet aggregation The genetic region that contains surface antigens or receptors responsible for the recognition and elimination of foreign tissues is referred to as: Major histocompatibility Complex What is meant by iatrogenic? Physician caused Which of the following organisms have been implicated in bacterial contamination reactions? Yersinia enterocolitica MHC class II molecules are expressed on all of the following except: Platelets Fresh Frozen Plasma is not the optimal product for replacement fluid for a therapeutic plasma exchange. For which patient is FFP the optimal product of choice? All of the above Recipient lymphocytotoxic HLA antibody to donor antigens is associated with Both A and B Which of the following is an indicator of acute immune hemolytic transfusion reaction? Increased bilirubin The MHC class I region encodes all of the following except: HLA-DR Which apheresis method carries the additional risk of returning RBCs to the wrong individual and yielding smallest volume of selected component? Manual apheresis
Which of the following results when large excesses of free hemoglobin are released into the blood? Hemoglobinemia Which of the following is indicative of GVHD? pancytopenia Currently, the immunoaffinity column has FDA licensure for treating what disease state? Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura The specific cell product used for treating sepsis is the: Granulocyte Which of the following specificities designates the HLA-C gene? Cw Which of the following is an example of linkage disequilibrium? The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-A1 and HLA-BB 8%, the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 2% How is HES used in apheresis procedure? As a sediment agent to separate WBCs from RBCs What treatment is recommended following bacterial contamination reaction? Broad spectrum antibiotics Which patients are not at risk for a circulatory overload? Iron deficiency anemia HLA testing is useful in what other area of study? All of the above Alloimmunization may result from which of the following? Prior exposure to donor blood components What symptom would not usually be found in a bacterial contamination reaction? Tachycardia What groups are at risk for graft vs host disease as result of transfusion? B and C What is the length of time required for production of antibody in a DHTR by an anamnestic immune response? 3 to 7 days The hematopoiectic progenitor cells that eventually repopulate the bone marrow and also circulate the blood are called: PBSC A normal healthy donor undergoes a procedure to obtain platelets that will be transfused to a patient is representative of: Component apheresis Physical or chemical damage of the transfused RBCs can result in: Intravascular hemolysis What is the most important step for increasing the number of bone marrow transplants performed? Expand the donor pool to include both related and unrelated individuals A transfusion reaction investigation should include all of the following except: Neocyte transfusions During a plasmapheresis, RBCs should be returned within how many hours ? 2 hours The platelet count of the plateletpheresis donor must be ______ prior to procedure. >150x10^9 per L How might a platelet survival be improved despite a near perfect HLA match Remove leukocytes from donor unit Which of the following is the most common transfusion reactions reported to blood banks? Febrile One unit of apheresed platelets should increase the platelet count 20,000 to 60,000 mL
Circulatory overload is caused by which of the following: All of the above What does R signify in the HLA-DR locus? Subregion of D Why is histocompatibility testing negated in both lung and heart transplant? Ischemic time is too short Which of the following is acceptable for cytotoxicity techniques? ACD What is the purpose of washing cells after initial incubation in the AMOS modified antibody screen procedure? To remove any aggregated immunoglobulin in the serum What effect does steroids have on leukapheresis? Increase vascular pool of granulocytes Changes that occur to RBCs upon storage include an increase in: Calcium Erythrocytapheresis is successful in which of the following conditions? Malaria Which pf these costs is a cost of poor quality (COPQ)? Nonconformance costs Liability for negligence includes all of the following except: Failure to meet the duty was indirect responsible for harm suffered When a new shipment of reagent is received, what measure is taken? Lot-to-lot testing of new and old lot numbers of reagents A quality framework in the blood bank ensure all of the following except BB operations are customized to individual staff preferences Quality assessment monitors include reviews of all of these except Vendor selection process Which of these should be evaluated during risk management assessment? All of the above Which of these records may be reviewed during competency assessment for BB personnel? All of the above Calibrating equipment prior to use in considered which function of quality? QC The use of different colored sera for blood bank reagents is an example of Process control Which of the following organisms is known to infect RBCs in storage All of the above What is the rationale surrounding the Doctrine of Charitable immunity? Courts provide immunity from excess liability for nonprofit organizations All of the following are transfusion service quality assurance indicators used to monitor patient care except: Number of therapeutic units drawn Competency assessment for BB personnel includes all of these except Cross-training into other areas of the lab What is the meaning of tort reform? Protection of specialty practices from punitive or excessive rewards by state legislatures All of the following are consistent with photopheresis except The patient is given an oral dose of piroxicam which binds to RNA of all nucleated cells What is the definition of ischemic time in heart transplantation? The amount of time there is not blood flow through the organ Photopheresis is effective against what malignant disorder? Cutaneous T cell lymphoma The removal of bile acids from patients plasma can be assisted through the use of which adsorbent Charcoal In HLA testing what is the purpose of using mineral oil? To prevent evaporation of antisera during incubation What is placed between the gene name and the numerical identifier for the allele to differentiate between the gene nomenclature of HLA serological reactivity? Asterisk Antiplatelet medications have differing deferral periods, which does not match? Feldenea 7 days What is the purpose of performing serial hemoglobin and hematocrit after blood transfusion? To monitor the therapeutic and nontherapeutic response How many targets are required for HLA antibody screening? 30 A severe manifestation of alloimmunization might include Platelet refractoriness The surface marker or antigen detected in histocompatibility testing of a single individual is referred to as HLA: Phenotyping Which of the following is not an indication for plasmapheresis To decrease iron deposition in tissues in chronically transfused patients Which of the following is not a symptom of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema? Hypervolemia What risks exists when HES has exceeded its renal threshold and execretion is retarded Blockage of reticuloendothelial system _____________ ______ testing is performed on plateletpheresis products to make sure HIV, WNV, HEPC are not present Nucleic acid What type of hemolysis is implicated in a DHTR by primary alloimmunization Extravascular Which of the following is characterized by a rapid onset of thrombocytopenia due to anamnestic productions of platelet antibody? PTP What is the physiological cause of citrate cytotoxicity in cytapheresis procedure? The anticoagulant in plasma contains citrate, which binds calcium, lowering body's ionized calcium When the entire set of A, B, C, DR, DQ, and DP antigens are located on one chromosome, it is called: Haplotype Which patients are at the most risk of platelet refractoriness where they become alloimmunized to HLA antigens on platelets Leukemic patients Belle Bonifils Memorial case Lack of standard protocol for implementing new HIV testing on available components The cost incurred for calibration materials and reagents are what type of costs? Internal evaluation costs Which of the following statements are true? Remedial action does not uncover the real cause of nonconformance The cost incurred when discarding donated blood units is an example of what type of cost? Internal failure costs TTAIDS case Scientific knowledge was limited The cost incurred for calibration materials and reagents are what type of costs? Internal evaluation costs Ensuring that the implemented changes are sustained occurs at what stage of the DMAIC process? Control How is battery conceptualized in transfusion medicine? A donor claims never to have agreed to be stuck by a needle All of the following are emerging concerns of transfusion medicine except Antibody testing procedure A pareto chart is used at what stage of DMAIC process? Define What is the function of a quality committee or quality council? To set priorities for quality improvements To process define measure analyze improve and control is know as which process? 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However, this classic presentation is not seen often. Other symptoms are chills, hypotension, renal failure, back pain, or signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of acute hemolytic reaction during blood transfusion quizlet?Acute haemolytic reactions
Cause: The majority of haemolytic reactions are caused by transfusion of ABO incompatible blood, eg group A, B or AB red cells to a group O patient.
What is a common finding in a DHTR?Signs and symptoms associated with DHTR include a drop in the hematocrit, jaundice and, less commonly, fever, chills, back pain, and renal failure. Duffy, Rh, Kidd, MNS, and Kell antigens are most often associated with delayed reactions.
What is a transfusion reaction?A hemolytic transfusion reaction is a serious complication that can occur after a blood transfusion. The reaction occurs when the red blood cells that were given during the transfusion are destroyed by the person's immune system. When red blood cells are destroyed, the process is called hemolysis.
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Which of the following is an indicator of acute immune hemolytic transfusion reaction? quizlet
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