 Show The Tanzimat Reforms were a series of edicts between 1839 and 1876 intended to preserve the weakening Ottoman Empire. These included the 1839 Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane (“Noble Edict of the Rose Chamber”) which guaranteed life and property rights, instituted tax regulations, outlawed execution without trial, and other liberal reforms which recalled the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the
Citizen (1789); and the 1856 Hatt-ı Hümayun (“Imperial Edict”). Both edicts asserted the equality of Muslim and non-Muslim Ottoman subjects. The Tanzimat reforms were directed at Europe to suggest that the Ottoman Empire belonged among the European nations as well as a commitment to transform the Empire based on European models. The reforms also marked initial changes that would define an Ottoman subject, as opposed to a Muslim, Christian, or Jewish subject of the Empire, and abolished the dhimmistatus accorded to non-Muslim subjects. As such, the period of Tanzimat Reform reflects the first movement towards secularism in the Ottoman Empire, and was strongly opposed by religious scholars (ulema) as well as non-Muslim religious leaders who perceived the reforms as a threat to their authority. Sources: M. Şükrü Hanioğlu, A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008). Murat C. Menguujj, "Young Ottomans," Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World, ed. Richard C. Martin (New York: Thomson Gale, 2004), p. 737-739.
What were Ottoman Tanzimat reforms?The reforms included the development of a new secular school system, the reorganization of the army based on the Prussian conscript system, the creation of provincial representative assemblies, and the introduction of new codes of commercial and criminal law, which were largely modeled after those of France.
Why did the Ottoman state undertake the Tanzimat reforms?The Tanzimat Reforms were a series of edicts between 1839 and 1876 intended to preserve the weakening Ottoman Empire.
What were the Tanzimat reforms quizlet?The reforms drew inspiration from the Enlightenment era. They aimed to remove the capitulations and made several codes based on the French legal system. Some of the rights for the citizens that came out of this were public trials, privacy rights and equality before the law.
What was happening to the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century?By the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire was derisively called the “sick man of Europe” for its dwindling territory, economic decline, and increasing dependence on the rest of Europe. It would take a world war to end the Ottoman Empire for good.
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Which of the following steps did the Ottoman government take in the nineteenth century Tanzimat reform?
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