Which of the following terms used to refer to an attitude held by members of a class that does not accurately reflect the classs objective position?

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CMU Exam Chpt. 8
Which term is used to refer to the reputation that a specific person has earned within an occupation?
Which sociologist maintained that a person's position in a stratification system reflects some combination of their class status and power?
What is class consciousness quizlet?
Which term is used to refer to hereditary systems of rank usually religiously dictated which are relatively fixed and immobile?

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CMU Exam Chpt. 8

Question	Answer
social inequality	situation, where members of society have different amounts of wealth, prestige or power.
stratification	structered ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in society.
income	salaries and wages
wealth	inclusive term encompassing all a person's material assets.
absolute poverty	a minimum level of subsistence that no family should be expected to live below.
ascribed status	a social position assigned to a person by society without regard for the person's unique talents or characteristics.
achieved status	social position that a person attains largely through his or her own efforts
bourgeoisie	Karl Marx's term for the capitalist class, comprising the owners of the means of production
veritcal mobility	the movement of an individual from one social position to another of a different rank
underclass	the long-term poor who lack training and skills
status group	people who have the same prestige or lifestyle, independent of their class positions.
socioeconomic status (SES)	measure of social class that is based on income, education, amd occupation.
social mobility	movement of individuals or groups from one position in a society's stratification system to another.
slavery	a system of enforced servitude in which some people are owned by other people.
capitalism	an economic system in which the means of production are held largely in private hands and the main incentive for economic activity is the accumulation of profits.
caste	a hereditary rank, usually religiously dictated, that tends to be fixed and immobile
class	a group of people who have similar level of wealth and income.
class consciousness	in Karl Marx's view, a subjective awareness held by members of a class regarding their common vested interests and the need for collective political action to bring about social change.
class system	a social ranking based primarily on economis position in which acheived characteristics can influence social mobility.
closed system	a social system in which there is little or no possibility of individual social mobility.
corporate welfare	tax breaks, bailouts, direct payments, and grants that the government gives to corporations
digital divide	the relative lack of access to the latest technologies among low-income groups, racial and ethnic minorities, rural residents, and the citizens of developing countries.
estate system	a system of stratification under which peasants were requred to work land leased to them by nobles in exchange for military protection and other services. Also known as feudalism.
false consciousness	a term used by Karl Marx to describe and attitude held by memebers of a class that does not accurately reflect their objective position.
life chances	the opportunities people have to provide themselves with material goods, positive living conditions and favorable life experiences.
objective method	a technique for measuring social class that assigns individuals to classes on the basis of criteria such as occupation, education, income, and place of residence.
relative poverty	a floating standard of deprivation by which people at the bottom of a society, whatever their lifestyles, are judged to be disadvantaged in comparison with the nation as a whole.
proletariat	Karl Marx's term for the working class in a capitalist society.
prestige	the repect and admiration that an occupation holds in society
precarious work	employment that is poorly paid, and from the worker's perspective, insecure and unprotected.
power	the ability to exercise one's will over others.
open system	a social system in which the position of each individual is influenced by his or her achieved status.
intragenerational mobility	changes in social position within a person's aduly life.
intergenerational mobility	changes in the social position of children relative to their parents.
horizontal mobility	the movement of an individual from one social postion to another.
feminization of poverty	a trend in which women constitute an increasing proportion of the poor people of the United States.
esteem	the reputation that a specific person has earned within an occupation.
dominant ideology	a set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social, economic, and political interests.
corporate welfare	tax breaks, bailouts, direct payments, and grants that the government gives to corporations.
What describes a condition in which members of society have different amounts of wealth, prestige, or power?	social inequality
In Karl Marx's view, the destruction of the capitalist system will occur only if the working class first develops	class consciousness
what was viewed by Max Weber as analytically distinct components of stratification	class, status, and power
_____ mobility involves changes in social position within a person's adult life	intragenerational
an open class system implies that the position of each individual is influenced by the person's __________ status	achieved
Max Weber used the term _______ _______ to refer to the people's opportunities to provide themselves with material goods, positive living conditions, and favorable life experiences.	life chances
Sociologist William Julius Wilson and other social scientists have used the term _______ to describe the long-term poor who lack training and skill.	underclass
__________ poverty is a floating standard of deprivation by which people at the bottom of a society, whatever their lifestyles, are judged to be disadvantaged in comparison with the nation as a whole.	Relative
________ poverty is the minimum level of subsistence that no family should be expected to live below.	Absolute
_________ is the most extreme form of legalized social inequality for individuals or groups	Slavery
In the _________ system of stratification, or feudalism, peasants were required to work land leased to them by nobles in exchange for military protection and other services.	estate
Karl Marx viewed ____________ differentiation as the crucial determinant of social, economic, and political inequality.	Class
______________ _____________ is the term Thorstein Veblen used to describe the extravagant spending patterns of those at the top of the class hierarchy	Conspicuous consumption
What sociological perspective argues that stratification is universal and that social inequality is necessary so that people will be motivated to fill socially important positions.	functionalist perspective
British sociologist Ralf Dahrendorf views social classes as groups of people who share common interests resulting from their authority relationships. Dahrendorf's ideology aligns best with which theoretical perspective?	conflict perspective

Which term is used to refer to the reputation that a specific person has earned within an occupation?

esteem. reputation that a specific person has earned within occupation.

Which sociologist maintained that a person's position in a stratification system reflects some combination of their class status and power?

The three-component theory of stratification, More widely known as Weberian stratification or the three class system, was developed by German sociologist Max Weber with class, status and party as distinct ideal types.

What is class consciousness quizlet?

Class consciousness is a term used in social sciences and political theory, particularly Marxism, It refer to the beliefs that a person holds regarding their social class or economic rank in society, the structure of their class, and their class interests.[1][2]

Which term is used to refer to hereditary systems of rank usually religiously dictated which are relatively fixed and immobile?

Sociology Ch 5.

Which of the following terms used to refer to an attitude held by members of a class that does not accurately reflect the classs objective position?

CMU Exam Chpt. 8

Which term is used to refer to the reputation that a specific person has earned within an occupation?

Which sociologist maintained that a person's position in a stratification system reflects some combination of their class status and power?

What is class consciousness quizlet?

Which term is used to refer to hereditary systems of rank usually religiously dictated which are relatively fixed and immobile?

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