Which statement best characterizes the current climate in american high schools?

10. If the tilt of the Earth was 90 degrees rather than 23.5 degrees (that is, no tilt), then how many seasons would the Earth have? (Hint: it may be helpful to draw a picture.)

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Due to the rain shadow effect, which of the following will occur?

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Fill in the blank. As countries move from an agricultural to a(n) ____ economy, there tends to be a shift in population from rural to urban settings.

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Fill in the blank. Deforestation results in less ____ being removed from the atmosphere. When this occurs, heat radiation is less able to radiate out of the atmosphere and into space.

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Fill in the blank. Fertility rate is the average number of children a woman in a particular country has in her lifetime. If a fertility rate for a given country is less than ____, then the replacement level (the population of that country) is in decline (unless there is significant immigration).

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Fill in the blank. The main methods countries use to gain national wealth are based on sustainable ____ models and value-added principles.

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Fill in the blank. When one begins to understand the ____, it is easier to understand why people move from periphery to core.

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Geographers use Population Pyramids when describing the general trends in population growth for a particular region. Population can either be rapidly expanding, expanding, stationary, or contracting. Which of the following population pyramids represents a rapidly expanding population growth?

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If it is 4 pm in San Francisco, CA, what time is it in London, England?

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If the tilt of the Earth was 0 degrees rather than 23.5 degrees (that is, no tilt), then how many seasons would the Earth have? (Hint: it may be helpful to draw a picture.)

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On the date of the June Solstice (known as the “summer solstice” in the northern hemisphere), which of the following locations has the greatest amount of daylight hours?

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There are 24 time zones in the world. How many degrees of longitude is each time zone?

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True or False. Along convergent zones, volcanoes and earthquakes may occur.

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What are the two main areas of focus in the discipline of geography?

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What does the term "ethnicity" mean?

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What locational information does latitude and longitude provide?

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What type of religion is Christianity?

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Which of the following accurately describes demographic transition?

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Which of the following climate types predominates the Mediterranean Sea?

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What is the primary tool of the geographer?

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Due in large part to its physical geography, which of the following European regions possess excellent farmlands?

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Fill in the blank. European colonialism was fueled by the economic concept of ____ that included the drive of governments to control trade and promote the acquisition of wealth by the quick gain of gold or silver from their colonies.

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Is ethnicity a positive, negative, or neutral cultural force?

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IV. the concept of mass production

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The region of Western Europe includes which of the following?

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What did the Roman Empire introduce to Europe?

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What does the term "nation-state" refer to?

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What key element has the northern European countries taken advantage of to expand their economies?

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What two forces are Europeans caught between with regards to forging a unified Europe?

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When was the Marshall Plan implemented in Europe, and what was its purpose?

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Which of the following accurately presents the regional relationship between the main religions and the dominant language groups in Europe?

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Which of the following currents is perhaps the most important contributing factor to Western Europe's climate and is responsible, in part, for the temperate climate that north-west Europe enjoys?

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Which of the following is a by-product of industrialization and has caused extensive damage to forests as well as fish populations in Northern Europe?

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Which of the following is NOT a dominant climate type of Europe?

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Which of the following is NOT a former republic of the Soviet Union?

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Why are the sizes of families declining in Europe today?

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Which of the following characteristics accurately portrays the cultural dynamics that make each region of Europe unique?

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A During the Soviet Era, the Chechen Republic was administratively part of the Russian Soviet Socialist Republic with no right to future secession.

Choose one answer.

	a. During the Soviet Era, the Chechen Republic was administratively part of the UK with no right to future secession.
	b. During the Soviet Era, the Chechen Republic was administratively part of the United States, and the Soviet Union wanted the Republic.
	c. During the Soviet Era, the Chechen Republic was administratively part of France with no right to future secession.
	d. None of the above

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After World War I, a civil war erupted in Russia. Nicholas II (the last Czar) was forced out of office and executed. During this time, which of the following groups, led by Vladimir Lenin, was the most powerful group battling for control of Russia?

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Fill in the blank. Russia needs to modernize its ____ if it is going to compete economically against the European Union, North America, and East Asia.

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Fill in the blank. The ____ flows through the core region of Russia, and provides transportation, fresh water, and fishing to the inhabitants of the region.

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Russia's ____ is a region of planned cities and industrial plants.

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What climate type dominates most of Russia?

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What is the main difference between a socialist economy and a capitalist economy?

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Which of the following is a major environmental problem facing the Russian Republic today?

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Who was the last leader of the Soviet Union?

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Why did Russia invade Georgia in 2008?

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Why were the Soviets sending ethnic Russians to live in non-Russian parts of the Soviet Union?

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Between 2000 and 2006, which of the following groups accounted for approximately half of the population growth of the United States (growing about four times faster than the country as a whole)?

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Canada and the United States have the world's largest trading relationship with large amounts of goods (and people) flowing across the border each year. Since the 1987 Canadian-American Free Trade Agreement, what has aided this trade relationship?

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Of the following economic sectors, which has shown the most dramatic structural change in the United States?

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What are the two dominant climate patterns in North America?

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What is the current pattern of religious affiliation across the United States?

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What is the greatest attribute of the "American Dream" that transcends to people across the world?

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What is the major environmental consequence of rapid population growth in the Mountain West region of the United States?

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What is the most densely populated province of Canada, and why?

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What was "manifest destiny" in the minds of many Americans of the original thirteen colonies?

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What was the "Great Migration"?

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Which of the following occurrences spurred the westward migration in North America?

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Which of the following physiographic regions of North America extends from the southern states all the way to the great northeast?

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Which three European countries significantly influenced the development of North America?

Choose one answer.

	a. Portugal, Russia, and France
	b. Germany, Spain, and France
	c. Spain, France, and Russia
	d. Spain, France, and England
	e. England, Spain, and Russia

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Why are there English-speaking and French-speaking regions in Canada?

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Why is the proportion of French speakers in Canada declining?

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The thematic map below shows the locations in the United States where Native Americans and Hispanics make up the majority of the population and non-Hispanic Caucasians make up the minority of the population? Why is this the case?

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How did colonialism alter the ethnic make-up of the Caribbean?

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How has Spanish design influenced the urban centers in Middle and South America?

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How have drug cartels become an integrated part of the fabric of the Mexican economy and society?

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In the tropical areas of Latin America, there are five established temperature-altitude zones. Which of the following elevation zones is typically found at 12,000 to 15,000 feet?

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The current social status of Mexican society can be illustrated by three distinct classes: the wealthy elite, the middle class, and the poor majority. Of what primary descent are the wealthy elite?

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What are the two primary climatic zones of Mexico?

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What country initially took on the task of building the Panama Canal?

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What do most researchers believe to be the cause of the decline of the Mayan Empire?

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What is typically the greatest danger associated with hurricanes?

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What leads to the end of a hurricane?

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Which of Fidel Castro's policy raised major concerns in the United States to the extent that diplomatic relations with Cuba were severed in 1960?

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Which of the following statements about the influence on economic and employment situations in Mexico is true?

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Which of the following statements that compares and contrasts Central American countries is true?

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Why did colonialism thrive in the rimland of Middle America?

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Why is the southern region of the Americas commonly referred to as "Latin America"?

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As a result of the Spanish-American War, why did the United States find the need to build the Panama Canal?

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Although Paraguay's economy is afflicted by poverty and an absence of opportunities, what economic activities have flourished due to Paraguay's geographical setting and physical geography?

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Despite its cultural diversity, residents of Brazil have a strong sense of nationalism and identity. Which of the following overarching cultural forces have helped hold the country together?

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Fill in the blank. The continent of South America can be divided into regions by ____, influenced by early colonial development.

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South America was colonized exclusively by which two main Iberian powers?

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The Atacama Desert is the driest place on the planet. Which mountain range creates the rain shadow that contributes to the dry conditions?

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The three main export products of Colombia are illegal drugs, oil, and coffee. Which of the following countries is the largest consumer of all three?

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What are the countries of the Southern Cone, and what has been a major focus of their early development pattern?

Choose one answer.

	a. The countries of the Southern Cone are Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile. The major focus of their early development pattern has been agriculture.
	b. The countries of the Southern Cone are Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay. The major focus of their early development pattern has been mining.
	c. The countries of the Southern Cone are Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile. The major focus of their early development pattern has been urbanization.
	d. The countries of the Southern Cone are Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil. The major focus of their early development pattern has been agriculture.
	e. The countries of the Southern Cone are Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina. The major focus of their early development pattern has been urbanization.

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What are the main economic activities of the Amazon Basin, and what is the main environmental concern due to those activities?

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Which of the following is a benefit of Chile's stable government and growing economy?

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Which of the following is a cultural sphere of South America?

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Which of the following islands has Argentina claimed and battled Great Britain for?

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Which region of Brazil is one of the most affluent regions, and what activities have led to its wealth?

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Although Argentina is politically unstable, how does the country have great potential for economic growth?

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Alcoholic beverages are more common south of the African Transition Zone. Why?

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Despite a lack of effective national governance, the informal economy in Somalia continues to thrive. How is this possible?

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Early kingdoms in Subsaharan Africa flourished prior to the Colonial Era. What was an important early trading commodity especially for the kingdoms of West Africa?

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How many distinct languages are spoken in all of Africa?

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In which way has the end of apartheid had a positive economic effect on South Africa?

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Niger has the highest birth rate in the world. Why?

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What economic resource makes Southern Africa one of the wealthiest regions of Africa with the greatest potential for economic growth?

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What is a major difference between Madagascar and Southern Africa?

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What is one reason why there is diminished support for public services in Subsaharan Africa?

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What is the African Transition Zone, and what is it based on?

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What is the reason behind many of the civil wars in Central Africa?

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What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference in 1884?

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Which of the following has led to some of the political divisions that we see among different African countries today?

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Which of the following rivers in the south is famous for the Victoria Falls on the Zambia and Zimbabwe border?

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Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the impact of HIV/AIDS on Subsaharan Africa?

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Why is it that women in Central Africa do not always have the opportunity to earn an education or obtain the training required for employment opportunities?

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Language is one aspect of culture that indicates a colonial relationship. Due to colonialism, what is the official language of most of West Africa?

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Fill in the blanks. Women's rights and opportunities in Arab countries are generally related to family size. When family size ____, women's rights and opportunities usually ____.

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Historically, the ethnicity of North Africa was predominately ____ with the nomadic ____ and other local groups interspersed.

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Lebanon has a unique parliamentary democratic system devised to relieve some of the tension between the various cultural-political factions. In fact, a number of positions in government are reserved for specific religious parties. What religious party is reserved for the prime minister position?

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The African Transition Zone creates the southern boundary for North Africa. This zone serves as the transition between what two climate zones?

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The government of Syria is difficult to define. Technically, it was established in 1946 as a Parliamentary Republic. In contrast, what is the type of government in Jordan?

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The main rivers of Uzbekistan have been diverted for irrigation and are often depleted before reaching which body of water?

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What are the two main subtypes of expansion diffusion?

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What climate type dominates the Arabian Peninsula?

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What is a common trait that each of the countries in North Africa have in common?

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What territory did Israel take control over as a result of the 1967 war between Arab armies and Israel?

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What were the general reasons for the massive wave of protests and demonstrations by citizens of the North Africa and Southwest Asia realm beginning in 2011 (known as the Arab Spring of 2011)?

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Which of the following accurately identifies one of the five pillars of Islam?

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Which of the following ethnic groups follows the Sunni division and dominates northern Iraq?

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Which of the following is a region extending from Morocco to Libya that is distinguished by the main ranges of the Atlas Mountains?

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Which of the following is the cultural hearth located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, and why did it develop where it did?

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Which of the following rivers provides fresh water to Syria?

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Which of the following statements about Iran's physical geography and natural resources is true?

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Which of the following statements that identifies what organization designated a Jewish state from the lands of Palestine as well as when this occurred is true?

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Which of the following was an excuse that Saddam Hussein used to invade Kuwait in 2003?

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Who does Christianity, Judaism, and Islam all acknowledge as a founding patriarch of their religions?

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Why does Afghanistan's national, central government (based in the capital city of Kabul) have minimal influence in the country's rural regions?

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Why has Turkey not been accepted as a member of the European Union (EU)?

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What are the main economic sources for countries of the Arabian Peninsula?

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Fill in the blank. Rapid population growth in the countries of South Asia is a major concern. For example, in Nepal the combination of the fast growing population with the loss of ____ means a major crisis will be forthcoming.

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How has the Indian government responded to the threat of reduced biodiversity?

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How was the landmass of South Asia formed?

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The Kingdom of Kashmir, located between Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and China, is independent but divided with Pakistan controlling the northern region, India controlling the southern region, and China controlling a portion of the eastern region. The future of Kashmir is unclear, as none of the countries involved want to start a large-scale war. What is preventing this type of escalation from happening?

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What is a common environmental concern for both Pakistan and Bangladesh?

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What prompted the Indo-Pakistan War in 1970, which led to the eventual creation of the independent Bangladesh in 1972?

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What specifically were early European colonizers of South Asia seeking?

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Where is the city of Karachi, Pakistan's largest city and major port?

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Which of the five main levels of the Hindu castes system are "untouchables"?

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Which of the following best characterizes the summer winds of the Indian Monsoon?

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Which of the following countries in South Asia is becoming a major manufacturing country for vehicles and high-tech industries?

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Which of the following was the earliest civilization on the subcontinent of India in existence from about 3300 BCE to 1500 BCE?

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Which of the world's seven continents is the largest?

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Why are there continued conflicts over the land expanses around Pakistan's northern areas?

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Why did the British move their colonial capital from Kolkata (on the coast) to inland New Delhi?

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As a result of the one-child-only policy in China, there is a disproportionate number of males versus females across the country with an average difference being 10% more males. Why is this?

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In 2000, which of the following nations renewed its efforts to be internationally recognized as a sovereign nation (and introduced plans to formally secede from China)?

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South Korea has used what type of method to develop its economy?

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The three-way split in China was a three-way war over the control of China by the Nationalists, Communists, and Japanese. Eventually, which group took control and what happened to the other two?

Choose one answer.

	a. The Communists took control, the Japanese were pushed out after World War II, and the Nationalists fled to Formosa (Taiwan).
	b. The Nationalists took control, the Japanese were pushed out after World War II, and the Communists fled to Formosa.
	c. The Japanese took control, the Communists were pushed out after World War II, and the Nationalists fled to Formosa.
	d. The Japanese took control, the Nationalists were pushed out after World War II, and the Communists fled to Formosa.
	e. The Communists took control, the Nationalists were pushed out after World War II, and the Japanese fled to Formosa.

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What is a major concern in Japan today for the continuation of its economic growth in the future?

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What is the primary purpose of the Three Gorges Dam?

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What is the primary reason that Chinese culture has endured for thousands of years?

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When did European colonialism arrive in China?

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Which of the following countries is NOT in the realm of East Asia?

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Which of the following nations has isolated itself behind an authoritarian dictatorship since World War II?

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Which of the following reasons best describes how Hong Kong created a doorway for British expansion into China?

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Which of the following statements accurately describes an impact of physical geography on the history of the Korean Peninsula?

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Why does most of China's population live in its eastern region?

Choose one answer.

	a. Fresh water, good soil, and A-type climates
	b. Fresh water, good soil, and B-type climates
	c. Fresh water, good soil, and C-type climates
	d. Fresh water, good soil, and D-type climates
	e. Fresh water, good soil, and E-type climates

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Why has China transitioned from strict Communism to a capitalist-influenced economy?

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In China, what was the purpose of the Great Leap Forward?

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Before the Philippines gained independence from the United States, what country colonized it?

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Fill in the blank. Despite the harsh discrimination directed at the Chinese minority overseas in Southeast Asia, the Chinese have been instrumental in promoting global ____ arrangements that have established the Pacific Rim as a major player in the international economy.

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Indonesia is home to over 150 active volcanoes, including which of the following?

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Singapore is considered an economic tiger due to its economic growth and relative wealth, yet Singapore does not have any natural resources. How has it developed such a strong economy?

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Thailand is a newly industrialized country. What will its future economy primarily be based on?

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What has been responsible for the creation of many of the islands of Southeast Asia?

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What was a factor that led to the civil war in Vietnam?

Choose one answer.

	a. After 1954, during the quest to establish a government for an independent Vietnam, the northern portion of Vietnam rallied around Hanoi and aligned itself with a Communist ideology.
	b. After 1954, during the quest to establish a government for an independent Vietnam, the northern portion of Vietnam rallied around Hanoi and aligned itself with a Democratic ideology.
	c. After 1954, during the quest to establish a government for an independent Vietnam, the northern portion of Vietnam rallied around Hanoi and aligned itself with a Socialist ideology.
	d. After 1954, during the quest to establish a government for an independent Vietnam, the northern portion of Vietnam rallied around Hanoi and aligned itself with a Marxist ideology.
	e. After 1954, during the quest to establish a government for an independent Vietnam, the northern portion of Vietnam rallied around Hanoi and aligned itself with a Buddhist ideology.

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Which of the following is the home to the largest Muslim population in the world?

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Which of the following is the only region of Southeast Asia that was not colonized by the Europeans?

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What led to the creation of Democratic Kampuchea?

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Fill in the blank. A "____" in the 1950s in New Zealand yielded tremendous profits for New Zealand.

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What are the Wallace Line and the Weber Line?

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Which country first colonized Australia and used it as a prison colony?

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Which of the following statements best explains why the geographic isolation of Australia and New Zealand led to such high levels of biodiversity (i.e., speciation) in the realm?

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In 1840, British colonizers and the Maori signed the Treaty of Waitangi. What did the treaty provide to both the British and the Maori?

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Although natural causes of climate change occur, humans also play a role. The burning of fossil fuels and the chopping down of the rainforests are increasing the volume of which of the following chemicals in the atmosphere and therefore accelerating climate change?

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Approximately how many total feet would sea level rise if the polar ice caps were to completely melt?

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If an island does not extend too far above sea level, what is it called?

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In which season are ozone levels over Antarctica reduced, and why?

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The Pacific Islands are divided into three main groups based on which of the following?

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What does the ozone layer protect us from?

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What is the primary economic activity of the islands in the Pacific?

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Which country has jurisdiction over Antarctica?

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Which of the following absorbs large quantities of carbon dioxide?

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Which of the following is a cause of climate change?

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Which of the following is the greatest environmental concern for both Antarctica and the islands of the South Pacific?

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Which of the following island groups of Melanesia is under the rule of the French government?

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The most recent wave of globalization, which began in the 1980s, has emphasized the outsourcing of which of the following?

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What is one of the more commonly expressed views on how globalization affects culture?

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What is one of the major driving forces of globalization today?

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Which statement most accurately represents the relationship between theory and research quizlet?

Which statement best characterizes individuals in the emerging adulthood period of development?

Which of the following characterizes parent adolescent relationships in American majority culture?

What is the best way to test the potential for formal operational reasoning in most cultures?