Massage during labor can be effective — especially if the person giving the massage is in tune with the mother’s body and can pick up on cues. Massage can aid in relaxation and reduce pain, and, of course, it can also just feel really good. There are many potential benefits of massage, before, during and after
pregnancy. Some of those benefits are: Despite the many benefits of massage, there are times during pregnancy when you shouldn’t have massage therapy. Talk with your health care provider before
starting massage therapy. You could consider hiring a professional massage therapist who specializes in prenatal massage to be with you in the hospital while you’re in labor, or you could teach your partner (or yourself) massage techniques. Work with your partner during the weeks (or months) before your baby is due to practice massaging your feet and toes, legs, buttocks, back, arms, hands and fingers, face, neck and head. Try out different
speeds and pressures, from slow, light touch massage to deep, kneading strokes to tapping. You will probably like different types of massage on your face, head, hands and toes than you will on your back and shoulders. And what you enjoy during pregnancy may not work for you during labor when your senses are heightened. Practicing before labor will help you and your partner get in tune with one another. You may want to consider learning about acupressure, which is a type of massage based on
acupuncture techniques that can help reduce pain during labor. Effleurage is a type of self-massage that focuses on your abdomen. The idea is to help interrupt the pain response so you won’t feel as much pain as you would otherwise. During effleurage, you use circular, rhythmic stroking movements with the palm of your hand to lightly massage your abdomen. Focusing on the rhythm and movement will help your brain “forget” the pain response, which can reduce your pain, and the massage itself
can help you relax. Remember that your response to being touched may change dramatically when you’re in labor, so if you enjoy massage normally, you may not want to be touched at all during labor, or vice versa. It’s important to communicate what’s working for you during labor. Most types of massage are safe during labor, but there are exceptions. If you have questions about whether massage is safe during labor and how you
can incorporate it into your natural childbirth plan, talk with your health care provider. Morning sickness generally disappears by the end of which month? A) fifth month B) Because of a decrease in chorionic gonadotropin, morning sickness seldom persists beyond the first trimester. morning sickness usually ends at the end of the third month, not the second month when the chorionic gandotropin level falls. it is still present in the second month because of the high level of chorionic gonadotropin but has usually diminished by the fifth month Which response would the nurse give a postpartum client who asks if she can drink a small glass of wine before breast-feeding the first time to help her relax? A) "I think drinking 1 glass of wine won't be a problem. Go ahead" B) stating that the client seems tense and initiating a discussion honors the client's feelings and encourages expression of them; there is no reference to alcohol consumption and its relaxing effects. alcohol ingestion should not be encouraged, because it enter the breast milk. Stating that the client needs to find another way to relax reflects the statement but not her underlying feelings. Suggesting that she find another way to relax may make the client defensive and shut off communication. although alcohol ingestion should not be encouraged because it enters breast milk, the primary health care provider need not be involved because health education is within the role of the nurse Which descriptor would the nurse use when explaining to a client how to time the frequency of contractions? A) From the end of 1 contraction to the end of the next contraction D) the frequency of contractions is timed from the beginning of 1 contraction to the beginning of the next; this is the definition of 1 contraction cycle. the beginning, not the end, of a contraction is the starting point for timing the frequency of contractions. the time between the end of 1 contraction and the beginning of the next contraction is the interval between contractions. timing from the beginning of 1 contraction to the end of the next contraction is too long a time Frame and will produce inaccurate information Which technique would the nurse suggest to a laboring woman's partner that involves gently stroking the woman's abdomen in rhythm with her breathing during a contraction? A) massage B) effleurage is the gentle stroking of the abdomen in rhythm with her breathing during a contraction. massage is the application of therapeutic touch and pressure on the body. acupressure is the application of pressure along special acupressure points. counterpressure is the application of pressure to the sacrum during a contraction A non stress test (NST) s scheduled for a client with mild preeclampsia. during a NST, the client asks what it means when the fetal heart rate goes up every time the fetus move. which is an appropriate response? A) "these acceleration are a sign of fetal well-being" A) the NST is performed before labor begins. Accelerations with movement and a baseline variability of 5 to 15 beats/min indicate fetal well-being. this reactive NST is considered positive. early decelerations are associated with fetal head compression during a contraction stress test (CST) of during labor. variable decelerations are associated with cord compression during a CST ordering labor. Late decelerations during a CST or during labor are associated with utero-placental insufficiency the first day of a client's last menstrual period was July 22nd. which is the estimated date of birth (EDB)? A) May 7th B) her EDB is April 29th. Naegele's rule is an indirect, noninvasive method for estimating the date of birth: EDB = last menstrual period + 1 year - 3 months + 7 days. May 7 is beyond the EDB, March 22 and March 6 are both before the EDB Which statement by a breast-feeding mother indicates that the nurse's teaching regarding stimulating the let-down reflex has been successful? A) "I will take a cool shower before each feeding" D) applying warm packs and massaging the breasts before each feeding helps dilate milk ducts, promote emptying of the breasts, and stimulate further lactation. taking a cool shower before each feeding contracts the milk ducts and interferes with the let-dow reflex. Heavy consumption of milk products is not required to stimulate the production of milk. breast binders may inhibit lactation by fooling the body into thinking that milk secretion is no longer needed When a client at 39 weeks' gestation arrives at the birthing suite she says. "I've been having contractions for 3 hours, and I think my water broke." which action would the take to confirm that the membranes have ruptured? A) take the client's oral temperature B) nitrazine paper will turn dark blue if amniotic fluid is present; it remains the same color in the presence of urine. temperature assessment os not specific to ruptured membranes at this time; vital signs are a part of the initial assessment. although this may be done as a part of the initial assessment, a urine test is unrelated to leakage of amniotic fluid. inspecting the perineum for leaking fluid will not confirm rupture of the membranes a prenatal client's vaginal mucosa is noted to have a purplish discoloration. which sign would be documented in the client's clinical record? A) Hegar C) a purplish discoloration, called Chadwick sign, results from the increased vascularity and blood vessel engorgement of the vagina. the Hegar sign is the softening of the lower uterine segment. the Goodell sign is the softening of the cervix. after the fourth month of pregnancy, irregular, painless uterine contractions, called Braxton-Hicks contractions can be felt through the abdominal wall Which information would the nurse include in the discharge teaching of a postpartum client? A) the prenatal Kegal tightening exercises should be continued A) Kegal exercised may be resumed immediately and should be done for the rest of the client's life because they help strengthen muscles needed for urinary continence and may enhance sexual intercourse. episiotomy sutures do not have to be removed. bowel movements should spontaneously return in 2 to 3 days after the client gives birth; a delay in bowel movements promotes constipation, perineal discomfort, and trauma. the usual post part examination is 6 weeks after birth; the menses may return earlier or later than this and should not be a factor when the client is scheduling a postpartum examination A client who is at 20 weeks of gestation visits the prenatal clinic for the first time. assessment reveals temperature of 98.8º F, HR of 80 BPM, BP of 128/80, weight of 142 lb (prepregnancy weight was 132 lb), fetal heart rate (FHR) of 140 BPM, urine that is negative for protein, and fasting blood glucose level of 92 mg/dL. Which would the nurse do after making these assessments? A) report the findings because the client needs immediate intervention B) all data presented are expected for a client at 20 week's gestation and should be documented. there is no need for immediate intervention or an emergency admission because all findings are expected which factor distinguishes true labor from false labor? A) cervical dilation is evident A) progressive cervical dilation is the most accurate indication of true labor. with true labor, contractions will increase with activity. contractions of true labor persist in any position. contractions may not begin until 24 to 48 hours after the membranes rupture at which point during a human pregnancy does the embryo become a fetus? A) during the 8th week of the pregnancy A) during the 8th week of pregnancy the organ systems and other structures are developed to the extent that they take the human form; at this time the embryo becomes a fetus and remains so until birth. at the end of the 2nd week of pregnancy , the developing cells are called an embryo. at the time of implantation, the group of developing cells are called a blastocyst. the embryo can be visually on ultrasound before it becomes a fetus the nurse is teaching participants in a prenatal class regarding breast-feeding versus formula feeding. a client asks, "what's the primary advantage of breast-feeding?" which response is most appropriate? A) "breast-fed infants have fewer infections" A) Maternal antibodies are transferred from the mother in breast milk, providing protection for a longer time than do antibodies transferred to the fetus by way of the placenta. the neonate is protected by the antibodies and this has fewer infections. the fetus' own antibody system is immature at birth. women who breast-feed completely (day and night with no supplementary feedings) may avoid ovulation and resumption of the menstrual cycle. use of formula or solid foods decreases breast-feeding frequency and can lead to ovulation. ovulation generally occurs before menses, making it difficult to know when the menstrual cycle is resuming. therefore, breast-feeding is considered one of the least reliable methods of contraception for the new mother. because of the higher carbohydrate content of breast milk, which is digested rapidly, breast-fed infants wake more frequently than formula-fed infants. their feeding demands take more time to regulate than do the formula-fed infants'. breast milk has 1.1 g protein/100mL; cow's milk has 3.5 g/100 mL. whole cow's milk is unsuitable for infants which is the expected color and consistent of amniotic fluid at 36 weeks' gestation A) clear, dark amber colored, and containing shreds of mucus B) by 36 week's gestation, amniotic fluid could be pale yellow or straw-colored with small particles of vernix caseosa present. dark amber-colored fluid suggests the presences of bilirubin, an ominous sign. greenish-yellow fluid may indicate the presence of meconium and suggests fetal compromise. cloudy fluid suggests the presence of purulent material when assessing a client who gave birth 1 day ago, the nurse finds the fungus firm at 1 finger breadth below the umbilicus and the perineal pad is saturated with lochia rubra. which is the nurses's next action? A) recording these expected findings C) the amount lochia would be excessive if the pad were saturated in 15 minutes' saturating the pad in 2 hours is considered heavy bleeding. if the pad has not been changed for a longer period, this could account for the large quantity of lochia, so asking the client when she last changed the perineal pad is appropriate. these findings cannot be supported or recorded without additional information. excessive bleeding cannot be established without more information from the client. oxytocin's are administered for uterine any; the need for this is not supported by the assessment of a firm funds a client at 35 weeks' gestation asks the nurse why her breathing has become more difficult. how would the nurse respond? A) "your lower rib cage is more restricted" B) the pressure of the enlarging fetus causes upward displacement of the diaphragm, which results in thoracic breathing; this limits the descent of the diaphragm on inspiration. the lower ribcage expands; it does not become restricted. there is no charge in the size of the lungs during pregnancy. the thoracic cage enlarges; it does not rise which recommendation would the nurse make to a pregnant client who sits almost continuously during her working hours? A) "try to walk around every few hours during the
workday" A) maintaining the sitting position for prolonged periods may constrict the vessels of the legs, particularly those in the popliteal spaces, and may diminish venous return. walking causes the leg muscles to contract and applies gentle pressure to the veins, thereby promoting venous return. walking around several times each morning and afternoon will improve circulation; the legs may by elevated while the client is sitting other desk. if the client is feeling well, there are no contraindications to working throughout her pregnancy. adequate nourishment can be obtained during mealtimes; the client does not require extra nutrition breaks During a non stress test, the baseline fetal heart rate of 130 to 140 BPM rises to 160 twice and 157 once during a 20 minute period. each of these episodes lasts 20 seconds. which action would the nurse take A) discontinue the test because the pattern is within the normal range A) the baseline heart rate is within the expected range. the accelerations meet the criteria for an increase of 15 meats that lasts at least 15 seconds during a 20 minutes period. this is a reassuring pattern that is indicative of fetal well-being. drinking more fluids is unnecessary because the fetal heart rate is within the expected range. preparing for an emergency birth is unnecessary because the test rests indicate fetal well-being. the tests results meet the standards for reassuring pattern; further evaluation is unnecessary which suggestion would the nurse make to a client with morning sickness? A) "eat dry crackers before you get out of bed" A) Nausea and vomiting in the morning occur in almost 50% of all pregnancies. eating dry crackers before getting out of bed in the morning is a simple remedy that may provide relief. increasing fat intake does not relieve the nausea. drinking high-carbohydrate fluids with meals is not helpful; separating fluids from solids at mealtime is more advisable. eating 2 meals a day and a snack at noon does nutmeat the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman, nor will it relieve nausea. some women find that eating 5 to 6 small meals daily instead of 3 large ones is helpful a pregnant client asks how smoking will affect her baby. which information about cigarette smoking will influence the nurse's response? A) it relieves maternal tension, and the fetus response accordingly to the reduction in stress B) cigarette smoking or continued exposure to secondary smoke causes both maternal and fetal vasoconstriction, resulting in fetal growth retardation and increased fetal and infant mortality. there is no clinical evidence that smoking relieves tension or that the fetus is more relaxed. smoking causes vasoconstriction; permeability of the placenta to smoke is irrelevant. although the fetal and maternal circulations are separate, vasoconstriction coccus in both mother fetus which information would tell the nurse if a woman at 40 weeks' gestation having contractions is in true labor? A) the cervix dilates and becomes effaced in true labor A) the major differences between true and false labor is that rue labor can be confirmed by the presence of dilation and effacement of the cervix. bloody show may occur before or after sure labor begins. the membranes may rupture before or after labor begins. fetal movements continue uncharged throughout labor in the second. hour after the client gives birth, her uterus is firm, above the level of the umbilicus, and to the right of midline. which nursing action is an appropriate response to this situation? A) having the client empty her bladder A) a full bladder elevates the uterus and displaces it to the right. even though the uterus feels firm, it may relax enough to foster bleeding. the bladder should be emptied to improve uterine tone. watching for signs of retained secundines may be done if emptying the bladder does not rectify the situation. if parts of the placenta, umbilical cord, or fetal membranes are notably expelled during the third stage of labor, their retention limits uterine contraction and involution; a boggy uterus and bleeding may evident. vigorous massage tires the uterus, and even with massage the uterus is unable to contract over a full bladder. explaining to the client that this is a sign of uterine stabilization is not accurate; the uterus will not remain contracted over a full bladder When the fetal monitor is applied to a client's abdomen, it records late decelerations. which action would the nurse take A) notify the health care provider C) late decelerations may indicate impaired placental perfusion. turning the client on her left side relieves pressure on the vena cava and aorta, improving circulation to the placenta. calling the health care provider is premature. the nurse should notify the practitioner if late decelerations continue after nursing interventions are implemented. elevating the head of the bed will increase pressure on the vena cava and aorta, further reducing placental perfusion. oxygen may be administered if placing the client on her left side does not resolve the late decelerations one hour after a birth the nurse palpates a client's fungus to determine whether involution is taking place. the fundus is firm, in the inline, and 2 finger breadths below the umbilicus. which would the nurse do next? A) encourage the client to void D) immediately after birth the uterus is 2 cm below the umbilicus; during the first several postpartum hours, the uterus will rise slowly to just above the level of the umbilicus. these findings are expected, and they should be recorded. encouraging the client to void is unnecessary; if the bladder is full, the uterus will be high and pushed to one side. notifying the health care provider is unnecessary; involution is occurring as expected. massage is used when the uterus is soft and "boggy" Which recommendation would the nurse make to a pregnant client who sits almost continuously during her working hours?A tachycardic FHR is one faster than 160 beats per minute. Which recommendation would the nurse make to a pregnant client who sits almost continuously during her working hours? "Try to walk around every few hours during the workday."
Which direction would the nurse give a client in preparation for ultrasonography at the end of her first trimester?Which direction would the nurse give a client in preparation for ultrasonography at the end of her first trimester? D. Increase fluid intake for 1 hour before the procedure. In the first trimester when fluid fills the bladder, the uterus is pushed up toward the abdominal cavity for optimum ultrasound viewing.
Which suggestion would the nurse make to help the pregnant client who is experiencing morning sickness?Symptoms of morning sickness may be relieved by eating a few dry crackers before you get up in the morning, avoiding foods and smells that make you nauseous, drinking plenty of fluids and choosing high-carbohydrate and high-protein foods.
Which information would tell the nurse if a woman at 40 weeks gestation?which information would tell the nurse if a woman at 40 weeks' gestation having contractions is in true labor? in the second. hour after the client gives birth, her uterus is firm, above the level of the umbilicus, and to the right of midline.
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Which technique would the nurse suggest to a laboring womans partner that involves gently stroking the womans abdomen in rhythm?
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