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Under a Creative Commons license Open access Highlights• The most common form of nature experience involves not being present in nature. •Accumulatively 75% of time in nature was experienced by just 32% of the population. •People who experience nature regularly are the exception as opposed to the norm. •Connectedness to nature was positively correlated with spending time in nature. •Deconstructing nature dose will allow the development of targeted health outcomes. AbstractAs people live more urbanised lifestyles there is potential to lose daily contact with nature, diminishing access to the wide range of associated health benefits of interacting with nature. Experiences of nature vary widely across populations, but this variation is poorly understood. We surveyed 1023 residents of an urban population in the UK to measure four distinctly different nature interactions: indirect (viewing nature through a window at work and at home), incidental (spending time outside at work), intentional (time spent in private gardens) and intentional (time spent in public parks). Scaled-up to the whole study population, accumulation curves of the total number of hours per week that people were exposed to each type of nature interaction showed that 75% of nature interactions were experienced by half the population. Moreover, 75% of the interactions of a type where people were actually present in nature were experienced by just 32% of the population. The average hours each individual experienced nature per week varied across interactions: indirect (46.0 ± 27.3 SD), incidental (6.4 ± 12.7 SD), intentional-gardens (2.5 ± 2.9 SD) and intentional-parks (2.3 ± 2.7 SD). Experiencing nature regularly appears to be the exception rather than the norm, with a person’s connection to nature being positively associated with incidental and intentional experiences. This novel study provides baseline information regarding how an urban population experiences different types of nature. Deconstructing nature experience will pave the way for developing recommendations for targeted health outcomes. KeywordsConnection to nature Exposure to nature Extinction of experience Green space Nature interactions Nature relatedness Cited by (0)© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Whilst nature can be found anywhere, high-quality nature spaces, which we know are most likely to help support good mental health, are not available equally to everyone in the UK. This is a more complicated picture than just how far we live from a high-quality nature space. Proximity is certainly a factor, with deprived communities least likely to live near a high-quality nature space. Perhaps unsurprisingly, our poll found that people living in urban areas were less likely than rural residents to connect with nature as much as they wanted. People without gardens were less likely than those with gardens. Younger adults, in particular, may face many barriers to connecting with nature. People living with a disability or health condition often face particular barriers to access when natural spaces are not equipped with inclusion in mind, or there is a lack of accessible routes. For some groups, including many women, younger people, disabled people and people from ethnic minorities, nature spaces may feel inaccessible or less enjoyable because they are not safe – from the risk of physical harm, sexual harassment, hate crime or discrimination. For many of these groups, this inequality has a double effect. Several groups described above not only get less of the well-being benefit of connecting with nature due to these access barriers, but they are the groups within our population most at risk of mental health problems. There are good examples of initiatives in nature spaces to reduce the inequality of access and allow all groups to benefit from connecting with nature to support their well-being. High-quality urban parks, designed with accessibility in mind, can enable more people to enjoy and connect with nature. Other solutions include planting flowers and trees along our streets or even recreating natural habitats where new human developments such as a road have been built. These are known as “green corridors”. How are norms different from values and beliefs in a culture's cultural patterns?Like values, norms can vary within a culture in terms of their importance and intensity. Unlike valance however, norms may change over a period of time, whereas beliefs and values tend to be more more enduring. Defines how people of a culture view human actions and the expression of self through activities.
What should you consider when interacting with someone from a different culture?Top Ten Tips for.... Maintain etiquette. Many cultures have specific etiquette around the way they communicate. ... . Avoid slang. ... . Speak slowly. ... . Keep it simple. ... . Practice active listening. ... . Take turns to talk. ... . Write things down. ... . Avoid closed questions.. How does culture influence communication?Culture can influence how we communicate verbally via the words, phrases, metaphors, and culture-specific slang between two or more people. It also affects what topics are deemed appropriate for conversation based on cultural norms/values present within a culture's social environment.
What should you consider when interacting with someone from a different culture quizlet?What should you consider when interacting with someone from a different culture? Your own culture and experiences will influence how you view the other person and how he or she views you. According to the definition in your text, what is the goal of effective communication?
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Your relationship with nature and the world around you is most likely influenced by
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