A small office with one physician, one nurse and one bookkeeper would be an example of a

In the context of the fundamentals of organizing, which of the following depicts the positions in a firm and the way they are arranged?

Which of the following types of information is conveyed by a traditional organization chart?

The work performed by each unit in the organization.

In the context of the fundamentals of organizing, coordination refers to:

the procedures that link the various parts of the organization to achieve the organization’s overall mission.

In the context of integration, which of the following is true of the findings of Lawrence and Lorsch?

Highly differentiated firms were more likely to fail in a complex environment if they failed to integrate their activities adequately.

The assignment of different tasks to different people or groups in the organization is known as:

A process in which different individuals and units perform different tasks is known as:

In the context of the vertical structure of a firm, authority refers to:

the legitimate right to make decisions and to tell other people what to do.

Authority is directly related to the three broad levels of the organizational pyramid, commonly known as _____.

In the context of a firm’s vertical structure, a powerful trend for U.S. businesses over the past few decades has been to:

reduce the number of hierarchical layers.

In the context of the vertical structure of a firm, the number of subordinates who report directly to an executive or supervisor is known as the:

In the context of the vertical structure of a firm, narrow spans of control build a _____ organization with many reporting levels.

In the context of the vertical structure of a firm, a wide span of control builds a _____ organization with fewer reporting levels.

In the presence of which of the following factors should the optimal span of control be wide?

Jobs are similar, and performance measures are comparable.

The assignment of new or additional responsibilities to a subordinate is referred to as:

The assignment of a task that an employee is supposed to carry out is known as:

The expectation that employees perform a job, managers take corrective action when necessary, and employees report upward on the status and quality of their performance is known as:

Which of the following statements about delegation is true?

It can occur between any two individuals in any type of structure with regard to any task.

Which of the following is true of delegation?

The manager should delegate to the subordinate enough authority to get the work done.

Sharon, an accounting intern, was given an assignment by her manager. She needed to obtain information from other departments to complete her assignment. But, some departments refused to share information with an intern. She was frustrated because she did not have the influence to get the information she needed. In the context of this situation, Sharon's manager made the mistake of:

delegating responsibility without adequate authority.

In the context of delegation, a problem faced by a subordinate in carrying out a delegated task is:

being given more responsibility than authority.

Which of the following is an advantage of delegation?

It conserves managers’ most valuable asset: time.

The first step in the delegation process, defining the goal, requires a manager to:

clearly understand the outcome he or she wants.

Which of the following is true of effective delegation?

Throughout the delegation process, the manager and the subordinate must work together.

In a(n) _____ organization, important decisions usually are made at the top.

Gabriella recently accepted a job with a large insurance company as an internal auditor. She found that her job was quite different from the internship she had done. Her company had strictly defined job responsibilities and lines of communication. For every decision she needed to make, approval had to be obtained from upper management. Overall, she found the atmosphere to be quite formal. Gabriella’s organization has a(n):

high degree of centralization.

In _____ organizations, more decisions are made at lower levels.

In an organization, _____ may be valuable when departments have different priorities or conflicting goals, which need to be mediated by top management.

In a(n) _____ organization, top managers make all the decisions and pass them down to lower levels for implementation.

In the context of horizontal structure of a firm, _____ are those that have responsibility for the principal activities of the firm.

In the context of horizontal structure of a firm, _____ deal directly with the organization’s primary goods or services; they make things, sell things, or provide customer service.

In the context of horizontal structure of a firm, subdividing an organization into smaller units is known as:

In a _____ organization, jobs (and departments) are specialized and grouped according to business functions and the skills they require.

Which of the following is an advantage of functional departmentalization?

Economies of scale can be realized.

Hot Tamales Inc. manufactures and distributes sauces, pickles, and spices. The company has separate divisions responsible for developing and marketing each item. Thus, the company has a _____ approach to departmentalization.

An organization with departmentalization that groups units around products, customers, or geographic regions is known as a:

Which of the following approaches to departmentalization requires proper management of all the issues surrounding decentralization and delegation for it to be effective?

Sports International manufactures and distributes clothing, sporting equipment, and protective sports gear worldwide. They are departmentalized by products sold to serious athletes, products sold to "weekend" athletes and products sold to sports teams. Which approach to departmentalization does the company follow?

Which of the following statements about matrix organization is true?

It is composed of dual reporting relationships in which some managers report to two superiors.

Which of the following statements about matrix organization is true?

Dual career ladders are elaborated.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the matrix organization?

Managers who share subordinates may jockey for power.

A(n) _____ is composed of temporary arrangements among members that can be assembled and reassembled to meet a changing competitive environment.

In the context of organizational integration, establishing common routines and standard operating procedures that apply uniformly to everyone is known as:

In the context of organizational integration, the presence of rules and regulations governing how people in the organization interact is known as:

In the context of organizational integration, _____ refers to a situation when interdependent units are required to meet deadlines and objectives that contribute to a common goal.

An approach that involves feedback and discussions to jointly figure out how to approach problems and devise solutions that are agreeable to everyone is known as:

coordination by mutual adjustment.

Two companies, Healthy Nutrition Inc. and the Simple Solutions Software Inc., have joined forces to produce a meal planning program for use at home. The two organizations have decided to work together on the project since they cannot develop the project only with individual resources. Both organizations will own the resulting program. This effort is known as a:

An organization skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge as well as at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights is known as a:

In the context of organizational agility, which of the following is true of learning organizations?

They are skilled at experimenting with new approaches.

A type of organization in which top management ensures that there is consensus about the direction in which the business is heading is known as a:

high-involvement organization.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-involvement organization?

The organization has a flat, decentralized structure built around a service.

_____ is a way of managing in which everyone is committed to continuous improvement of his or her part of the operation.

In the context of total quality management, which of the following is one of Deming’s “14 points” of quality?

Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and arbitrary targets.

One of the most important contributions to total quality management has been the introduction of statistical tools to analyze the causes of product defects, in an approach called:

In the context of technology configurations, a small clinic with one physician, one nurse, and one bookkeeper is an example of a:

In the context of technology configurations, which of the following is true of large batch technologies?

Hierarchical authority is more prominent.

In the context of technology configurations, which of the following is true of continuous process technologies?

People are completely removed from the work itself.

The production of both high-volume and high-variety products at the same time is referred to as:

An operation that strives to achieve the highest possible productivity and total quality, cost-effectively, by eliminating unnecessary steps in the production process and continually striving for improvement is known as:

Which of the following is true of flexible factories?

They are organized around products, in work cells or teams.

A system that calls for subassemblies and components to be manufactured in very small lots and delivered to the next stage of the production process as they are needed is referred to as:

In the context of Scenario A, which of the following is the reason for the problem you are facing?

The owner has not delegated enough authority to enable you to do your work.

In the present situation at Cookie Capers, you will have to rely more on _____ to get your work done.

informal influence tactics

In the context of Scenario B, Phil works for a _____ organization.

In the context of Scenario B, Sherry’s company follows the _____ approach to departmentalization.

In the context of Scenario B, Jerry works for a _____ organization.

One of the criteria for creating a competitive advantage through human resources is that they should be:

In the context of strategic human resources management, people can increase _____ by helping lower costs, providing something unique to customers, or both.

On a day-to-day basis, which of the following is a concern of human resources managers?

In the context of human resources management, the planning stage involves:

ensuring the availability of the right number and types of people.

In the context of human resources management, the programming stage involves:

implementing specific activities like recruitment.

The final stage in the human resources planning process involves:

evaluating the activities conducted to ensure that they are producing the desired results.

When a software company developed a new phone, it had to determine how many production and marketing employees would be required for the launch. The company is involved in _____.

A company has developed a new cell phone which will be targeted to developing countries. It is estimated that the demand for the new product will initially be slow but would accelerate gradually as the product becomes increasingly familiar to worldwide consumers. In order to determine the number of workers necessary to staff the new production facilities, the company needs to conduct a(n):

Which of the following is an activity that is conducted during the human resources planning process?

The estimate an organization makes regarding the number and quality of its current employees and the available external source of workers is known as a(n):

Which of the following is a step taken by companies when there is a labor surplus?

Using attrition if they have planned far enough in advance

Which of the following is a function of job analysis?

It provides the information required by virtually every human resources activity.

the development of a pool of applicants for jobs in an organization.

Which of the following is an advantage of a structured interview?

It is more likely to be free of bias and stereotypes.

_____ builds on recruiting and involves decisions about whom to hire.

Joe and Mike applied for a managerial position with a company. After their interviews, they compared notes and found that they had been asked the same questions. In the context of the given scenario, they had been subjected to a(n) _____ interview.

Which of the following types of interview explores what candidates have actually done in the past?

Behavioral description interview

The selection technique that involves asking each applicant the same questions and comparing their responses to a standardized set of answers is a(n):

In the context of selection methods, which of the following is true of personality tests?

They are hard to defend in court.

Jake applied for a summer job as a bookkeeper. As part of his employment screening, he was asked to take an exam with numerical aptitude questions. This type of selection test is referred to as a:

A company wants to hire a model to appear in a television ad to promote their products. Prospective candidates have been asked to audition so that the company can choose the most suitable person. The candidates are being subjected to a(n) _____ test.

In a performance test, the test taker

performs a sample of the job.

A managerial performance test in which candidates participate in a variety of exercises and situations is known as a(n)_____.

_____ tests are administered by employers to assess the honesty of a job candidate.

_____ refers to the degree to which a test actually predicts or correlates with job performance.

Criterion-related validity

helping dismissed workers find employment elsewhere.

The legal concept that an employee may be terminated for any reason is known as:

Which of the following is true of a termination interview?

It should be conducted by the immediate superior.

Which of the following should be done when conducting a termination interview?

Provide written explanations of severance benefits.

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act?

Employees are normally exempt from overtime pay if they have considerable discretion in how they carry out their jobs.

Which of the following acts prohibits discrimination in employment based on race, sex, color, national origin, and religion?

An analysis identifying the jobs, people, and departments for which training is necessary is known as a(n):

In the context of training methods, _____ refers to assigning employees to different roles in the organization to broaden their experience and improve their skills.

Training designed to introduce new employees to their jobs and the company, and to familiarize them with policies, procedures, culture, and the like is known as:

_____ training provides employees with the skills and perspectives they need to collaborate with others.

Programs that focus on identifying and reducing hidden biases against people with differences and developing the skills needed to manage a heterogeneous workforce is known as:

_____ appraisals involve judgments about employee performance.

_____ appraisals, although subjective, focus on observable aspects of performance.

In the context of performance appraisals, in a(n) _____ technique, the manager keeps a regular log by recording each significant employee behavior that reflects the quality of his or her performance.

The most common type of incentive plan, which compares a worker’s performance against an objective standard with pay determined by his or her own performance is known as a(n):

In the context of incentive systems, _____ reward employees for increasing productivity or saving money in areas under their direct control.

In the context of incentive systems, which of the following is true of profit-sharing plans?

They are usually implemented in the division or the organization as a whole.

When objective performance measures are unavailable but the company still wants to base pay on performance, it uses a(n) _____.

In the context of employee benefits, _____ provides financial support to employees suffering a work-related injury or illness.

In the context of employee benefits, _____ provides financial support to employees laid off for reasons they cannot control.

In the United States, which of the following is not an employee benefit required by law?

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the Equal Pay Act (EPA) of 1963?

It allows differences in pay in the case of a seniority system or merit system.

The _____ doctrine implies that women who perform different jobs of equal value as those performed by men should be paid the same wage.

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974?

It protects private pension programs from mismanagement.

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970?

Employers must maintain records of injuries and deaths caused by workplace accidents and submit to on-site inspections.

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the National Labor Relations Act passed in 1935?

It established five unfair employer labor practices.

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the Labor-Management Relations Act?

It permitted workers to decertify (reject) a union as their representative.

Which of the following is true of the Landrum-Griffin Act (1959)?

It was designed to curb abuses by labor union leaders.

A(n) _____ strike refers to a situation wherein workers go on strike to compel employers to agree to their terms.

In the context of labor relations, _____ refers to the use of a neutral third party, typically jointly selected, to resolve a dispute.

In the context of labor relations, _____ refers to a situation wherein workers walk off the job in violation of their contract.

In a _____, the contract requires workers to join the labor organization after a set period of time.

In a collective bargaining agreement, a(n) _____ gives workers a voice in what goes on during contract negotiations and administration.

In a collective bargaining agreement, the _____ clause includes the use of seniority to determine pay increases, job bidding, and the order of layoffs.

When the HR department evaluated the amount and type of employees that should be hired, which stage of the HR planning process were they in?

When the HR department implemented activities such as recruitment and pay system revisions, which stage of the HR planning process were they in?

When the HR department examined the results of activities such as recruitment and retention to support Kleen Kar’s organizational goals, which stage of the HR planning process were they in?

Which of the following laws has the manufacturing firm violated?

Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act

Which of the following bodies enforces the concerned law?

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

In the context of Scenario B, which of the following statements is true?

The firm is guilty of adverse impact.

In the context of the third problem, which of the following laws has the company violated?

In the context of the first problem, which of the following laws has the company violated?

In the context of the second problem, which of the following laws has the company violated?

Pregnancy Discrimination Act

Managing diversity typically involves such basic activities as:

recruiting individuals with different backgrounds.

The entire process of understanding and appreciating employee differences to build a more effective and profitable organization is known as:

To correct the past exclusion of women and minorities, companies introduced _____ —special efforts to recruit and hire qualified members of groups that have been discriminated against in the past.

In Portland, Oregon, about one-fifth of the city’s population consisted of various ethnic minorities, but only 12 percent of new construction employees were minorities. The city government responded to this issue by increasing minority group members’ participation in public contracts. This special program taken up by the government authorities is an example of:

The term used to refer to all kinds of differences including religious affiliation, age, disability status, economic class, and lifestyle in addition to gender, race, ethnicity and nationality is:

Daphnie has recently been denied a promotion. This is the third time she was turned down for promotion despite excellent performance reviews. Her manager assures her that she was qualified for the promotion but "that's just the way things go." After this last disappointment, Daphnie took a good hard look at her company. She found that only two women candidates have been promoted to upper man

An invisible barrier that makes it difficult for certain groups, such as minorities and women, to move beyond a certain level in the organizational hierarchy is referred to as:

Grace was refused a job, in spite of the fact that she had all the required qualifications. The reason for this rejection was that she reacted negatively to an illicit comment on her dressing made by her interviewer. Based on the given information, it would be most accurate to say that Grace is a victim of:

Submission to or rejection of sexual conduct that is used as a basis for employment decisions is referred to as:

_____ occurs when unwelcome sexual conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with job performance.

Anna was offered a promotion in exchange for a date with her supervisor. She was upset, since she had no interest in dating him, yet she really wanted the promotion and so she agreed. This is an example of:

Behaviors that cause hostile environment in an organization typically includes:

pervasive displays of pornography.

In the context of sexual harassment laws in the U.S., which of the following is true?

“Hostile work environment” standard applies to same-sex harassment, as well as to non-gender-related cases.

According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, a disability is strictly defined as:

a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity.

_____ form the largest unemployed minority population in the United States.

According to the ADA, a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities is referred to as a:

Which of the following is considered a disability under ADA?

What is a characteristic of a mechanistic organization?

Which form of departmentalization is useful in a stable environment with a low need for flexibility?

What organization is one in which top management ensures that there is consensus about the direction in which a business is heading?

What concept means the organization is composed of many different units that work on different kinds of tasks and use different skills and work methods?