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Get faster at matching terms Terms in this set (124)T/F Tertiary prevention includes measures taken to keep illness or injuries from occurring False T/F Health problems are most effectively prevented by maintenance of healthy lifestyles and healthy environments. True T/F The ethical theory of utilitarianism promotes the ability of the patient to make his or her own decisions. False T/F Community health nursing is grounded in both public health science and nursing science. True T/F Health involves only the subjective dimension. False T/F A community of solution is based on its location. False T/F Populations and communities are terms that can be used interchangeably. False
A _____________ is a collection of people. Community All people occupying an area is called a _____________. Population Cholesterol screening is an example of ______________ prevention. Secondary _________________ is a holistic state of well-being. Health The subjective dimension (feeling well/ill) and the ________________ dimension (functioning) together provide a clearer picture of people's health. Objective Which is an example of secondary prevention? B. Discussing healthy menu planning with client with diabetes Which activity would reflect a community health nurse working at the primary prevention level? A. Teaching safe sex practices to teenagers T/F The early roots of home care nursing began with religious and charitable groups. True T/F The focus of early home care was on the total community. False T/F Lillian Wald first used the term public health nursing to describe this specialty. True T/F Frances Root was the first community health nurse in the United States. True T/F The prototype of community-based nursing can be seen within the historical development of hospital nursing. False T/F District nursing is the last stage of development of community health nursing. False T/F Florence Nightingale was the first person to use the term "public health nursing" False
The specialty of community health nursing developed historically through ______________ stages. Four Academic preparation for community health nursing begins at the __________ level. Baccalaureate Relating disease or illness to its cause is known as _______________ thinking in the health sciences. Causal The term community health nursing is used synonymously with ________________ health nursing Public The history of public health nursing, science its inception in _________________, encompasses continuing change and adaption. Europe Which societal influence would be closely associated with epidemiology? A. Advanced technology B. Causal thinking In many states, credentials for a career in community health nursing requires which of the following? Select all that apply. A. A baccalaureate-level nursing degree A. A baccalaureate-level nursing degree T/F The design of the research guides the conduct of the study. True T/F Validity refers to how consistently an instrument measures a given research variable within a particular population. False T/F The specific tool used to measure the variables in the study is the instrument. True T/F A primary purpose for conducting community health research is to gain new knowledge that will improve health services and promote the public's health. True T/F A value motivates people to behave in certain ways that are personally or socially preferable. True T/F Evidence-based practice involves clinical reasoning. True T/F The endurance of a value means that the value has more importance than another. False ________________ is the systemic collection and analysis of data related to a particular problem of phenomenon. Research ______________ research concerns data that can be measured objectively. Quantitative Qualitative research emphasizes ______________ and the meaning of the experiences to individuals. Subjectivity ________________ is the systemic selection of research subjects, so that each one has an equal probability of selection. Randomization Nonexperimental designs are also called _________________ designs. Descriptive When preparing to perform research, which would the nurse do first? A. Choose a research design C. Formulate a research question Which ethical principle is applied when the nurse ensures the groups' involvement in decision-making? A. Beneficence B. Autonomy T/F Public health services include the functions of assessment, policy development and assurance. True T/F The beginnings of an organized health care system in the United States came in the form of official health agencies. True T/F Health services occur at three levels False T/F The Secretary of Health and Human Services has ultimate responsibility for the PHS True T/F Private health services are complementary and supplementary to government health agencies. True T/F Voluntary health agencies are typically funded by the government. False T/F Proprietary health services can be for-profit or not-for-profit. True ___________________ is a period of enforced isolation of persons expose to a communicable disease during the incubation period of the disease, to prevent its spread should infection occur. Quarantine _________________ is the process of translating established policies into services. Assurance Microeconomic theory is concerned with supply and _________________. Demand ____________________ payments are monetary reimbursements made by providers of health care by someone other than the consumer who received the care. Third-party Title XIX is also known as __________________. Medicaid Which of the following characterizes retrospective payment for health services? A. External authority sets the rates D. Fee is set up in advance T/F The simplest measure of description is a count. True T/F Herd immunity refers to a situation in which a person's immunity to one agent provides immunity to a related agent as well. False T/F The goal of descriptive studies is to identify the patterns of occurrence of any health-related condition. True T/F Passive immunity is a long-term and sometimes lifelong resistance that is acquired either naturally or artificially. False T/F Stating conclusions is an outcome of analysis and interpretation. True T/F A major disadvantage of universal coverage involves tax incentives. False T/F The current thinking of epidemiology focuses on casual thinking. False T/F Analytic epidemiology involves cohort studies True _____________________ refers to a disease occurrence that clearly exceeds the normal or expected frequency in a community or region. Epidemic A(n) ______________________ is a factor that causes or contributes to a health problem or condition. agent The __________________ refers to all the external factors surrounding the host that might influence vulnerability or resistance. environment ____________________ refers to the relationship between a cause and its effect. Causality __________________ immunity is a long-term and sometimes lifelong resistance that is acquired either naturally or artificially. Active During which of the following stage would the community health nurse first expect to see signs of a disease via laboratory testing? A. Susceptibility stage C. Clinical disease stage T/F Validity refers to the test's ability to accurately identify those with the disease. True T/F The predictive value of screening tests increases as the prevalence of the disease increases. True T/F Isolation refers to restrictions placed on healthy contacts of an infectious case for the duration of the incubation period to prevent disease transmission if infection should develop. False T/F Syphilis is the first STD for which control measures were developed and tested. True T/F The injectable influenza vaccine is inactivated. True T/F Malaria is a disease that has become controlled globally. False T/F Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a communicable disease used for bioterrorism. False _________________ transmission occurs by immediate transfer of infectious agents from a reservoir to a new susceptible host. Direct The time interval between exposure and onset of symptoms is called the __________ period. incubation A(n) __________________ is a nonhuman carrier such as an animal or insect. vector __________________ transmission occurs through droplet nuclei. Airborne Immunization is the process of introducing some form of ___________________ organism into a person's system to promote the development of antibodies that will resist that disease. disease-causing Which activity would the community health nurse be involved with at the primary level of prevention? A. Screening C. Immunization T/F Verbal messages consist of physical appearance, dress, gestures and facial expression. False T/F Developing trust is necessary for effective communication. True T/F Contracting applies that basic principles of adult education: self-direction, mutual negotiation, and mutual evaluation. True T/F Collaboration in the context of community health nursing is goal directed. True T/F The overriding purpose of collaboration in community health practice is to benefit the public's health. True T/F Decoding is an important step in the communication process. True T/F The nominal group technique for group decision making involves the members taking turns to freely offer suggestions. False T/F Contracting involves commitment and negotiation. True ________________ occurs when the receiver translates the message into understandable form. Decoding Communication involves ______________ meaning and enhancing understanding. transferring Active listening is also known as ______________ listening. reflective __________________ is the repeating back to the sender what the receiver heard. Paraphrasing ___________________ is an idea-generating process that encourages group members to freely offer suggestions. Brainstorming Which stage of collaboration would occur first? A. Networking B. Competition T/F A hallmark of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model is the emphasis on the desired outcome. True T/F The degree of participation in the educational process directly influences the amount of learning. True T/F The purpose of health education is to effect change, which alters the equilibrium in a system. True T/F Normative-reeducative changes strategies use coercion based on fear to effect change. False T/F Unfreezing occurs when change is established as an accepted and permanent part of the system False T/F Individuals often have similar motives or reasons for change. False T/F Skinner is a behavioral theorist who used conditioning with reinforcement. True T/F Assessment and diagnosis is the first step in the teaching process. False _________________ change is a purposeful, designed effort to effect improvement in a system with the assistance of a change agent. Planned ________________ is the ability not only to break down and understand the elements of a situation but also to form elements into a new whole. Synthesis The ______________ domain in which learning occurs involves emotion and feelings. affective The ___________________ domain of learning involves the mind and thinking processes. cognitive ___________________ is reacting to new situations by using skills already possessed. Assimilation Which characterizes normative-reeducative strategies for change? A. Persuasion A. Persuasion Which health teaching model explains the behaviors and actions taken by people to prevent illness and injury? A. Health Belief Model (HBM) A. Health Belief Model (HBM) T/F Advocacy is an outcome. False T/F The pursuit of personal agendas over the common good results in a piecemeal approach to problems and promotes polarization. True T/F Health policies are only regulatory. False T/F Competitive regulations set conditions under which various private activities can be undertaken. False T/F: Implementation of health policy occurs when an individual, group or community puts the policy into use. True T/F Adoption is the first step in health policy development. False T/F Advocacy is the foundation for public health nursing. False T/F Money is a key factor underlying measures to influence policy True _____________________ is the process by which a group is severely split into two or more factions over a political issue. Polarization Special interest groups are individuals who share a common ______________________ and work politically to make their goals a reality. interest A(n) ________________________ health policy changes the allocation of resources from one group to another. redistributive ________________________ is defined as the art and science of government. Politics ______________________ is the process of assisting communities to come together to express their values and ideas to those outside the community. 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Explain why the primary role in protecting and promoting health belongs to the individual states. 9 answers For which time period would the nurse notify the health care provider that the client had no bowel sounds?To completely determine that bowel sounds are absent, the nurse must auscultate each of the four quadrants for at least 5 minutes; 2, 3, or 4 minutes is too short a period to arrive at this conclusion.
Which component would the nurse assess first when taking vital signs?Which component would the nurse assess first when taking vital signs? The radial pulse is taken first.
Which activity would reflect a community health nurse working at the primary prevention level?5) Which activity would the community health nurse be involved with at the primary level of prevention? Rationale: Primary level of prevention activities would include education and immunization. Screening, partner notification, and case and contact investigation are secondary level of prevention activities.
Which is the best example of a community health nurse focusing on the secondary level of prevention?Which of the following is the best example of a community health nurse focusing on the secondary level of prevention? Feedback: The secondary level of prevention would be exemplified by the community health nurse when teaching clients how to navigate the health care system to receive prompt treatment.
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During which of the following stage would the community health nurse first expect to see signs of a disease via laboratory testing?
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