Presentation on theme: "The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies."— Presentation transcript:1 Show
2 The institution through which a
society makes and enforces its public policies 3 A body of people, living in a defined territory, organized politically, and with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of a higher authority 4 5 Having supreme power within its own territory
6 Any sizable group of people who are united by common bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, and, sometimes religion. A country in which the territory of the state, and a cultural nation of people are in the same place. Nation-State
7 All of the things that a government decides to do. 8 Defense Taxation
Education Crime Control Health Care Transportation Environment Civil Rights Working Conditions 9 Governments Have power to make and implement public policy
10 Legislative Executive Judicial The power to create laws The power to enforce laws The power to interpret laws, to settle disputes that arise within a society. 11 12 A body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government
13 Six Goals of our Constitution We the
people form aUnion,establish justice, domestic tranquility, of the United States, in Orderto insure more perfect provide for the common defense,promote the general welfare, andsecurethe blessingslibertyto ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. of
14 Four Theories on the Origin of the State Force Theory Took over the state by force Evolutionary Theory State evolved over time
Divine Right Theory God made the state Social Contract Theory Unwritten contract, people give up rights for protection from the state 15 Thomas
Hobbes - man is essentially _______ and must be _____________ by government John Locke - man is essentially good, and governments allow people to act together as a _______ to accomplish more ______ EVILCONTROLLED TEAMWORK
16 Montesquieu – spirit of laws, idea of separation of powers Blackstone – theory of common law Rousseau – freedom, equality, and justice for all…politics and morality should be separated Presentation on theme: "What is Government? Institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. – It is made up of those people who exercise its powers,"— Presentation transcript: 1 What is Government? Institution through which a society makes and
enforces its public policies. – It is made up of those people who exercise its powers, all those who have authority and control over people – Questions? What are public policies? Who are “those people”? What are “its powers”? What is meant by “control”? 2 Every
government exercises power Their concepts of legislative, executive and judicial are just different. 3 But what is the interaction between these branches and that of the citizenry of the state. It is... 4 5 The State A body of people, living in a defined territory, organized politically, and with
the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority. 6 The Force Theory For over a thousand generations, the Jedi knights were the guardians of peace and justice in the old Republic... before the dark times... before
the empire. 7 8 Might makes right When a person or small group claimed control over an area and forced
all within it to submit to that person’s or group’s rule. 9 The Evolutionary Theory
10 Government developed naturally out of the family unit – Then a network of related families – Then a clan – Then a tribe – Then after tribes developed agriculture and
nomadic ways ended, the modern state began to develop 11 The Divine Right Theory 12
13 The Social Contract Theory
14 Social Contract Theory Thomas Hobbes – “In the state of nature profit is the measure of right.” John Locke – “Government has no other end, but
the preservation of property.” Jean Jacques Rousseau – “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” 15 16 Purpose of Government (at least ours- What does each really mean?
Does America accomplish these?) Form a More Perfect Union Establish Justice Insure Domestic Tranquility Provide for the Common Defense Promote the General Welfare Secure the Blessing of Liberty 17 Classifying Governments Who can participate? What is the geographic distribution of governmental power within the state? What is
the relationship between the legislative and executive branches? 18 Who can participate? Democracy Oligarchy Dictatorship
19 Basic Concepts of Democracy I can – Understand the foundations of democracy – Analyze the connections between democracy and the free enterprise system – Identify the role of the
Internet in a democracy 20 What does this image say about democracy? Do you agree?
21 Basic Notions of Democracy A recognition of the fundamental worth and
dignity of every person A respect for the equality of all persons A faith in majority rule and an insistence upon minority rights An acceptance of the necessity of compromise An insistence upon the widest possible degree of individual freedom
22 What Hart Adds to This Definition Control over government decision about policy is constitutionally vested in elected officials Elected officials are chosen in frequent and fairly conducted elections Practically all adults have the right to vote Practically all adults have the right to run for elective office Citizens should have the rights to express themselves without danger of severe punishment Citizens have a right to seek out alternative sources of
information Citizens have the right to form relatively independent associations or organizations Popularly elected officials cannot be overridden by unelected officials The polity must be self-governing 23 What does this say about democracy? Do you agree? Solutions?
24 What an oligarchy might look like. 25 Bellwork Review: what are the 4 characteristics of the state?
26 Refresh your memory Barney Fife Schoolhouse Rocks 27 Geographic Distribution of Power Unitary Federal Confederate 28 29 30
31 National GovernmentState Government * Print money * Regulate interstate (between states) and international trade * Make treaties and conduct foreign policy * Declare war * Provide an army and navy * Establish post offices * Make laws necessary and proper to carry out the these
powers * Issue licenses * Regulate intrastate (within the state) businesses * Conduct elections * Establish local governments * Ratify amendments to the Constitution * Take measures for public health and safety * May exert powers the Constitution does not delegate to the national government or prohibit the states from using 32 33 34 Relationship Between Legislative and Executive Branches Presidential Parliamentary Semi-Presidential 35 What is the power to make law and to frame public policies?Legislative power is the power to make law and frame public policies. 28. Judicial power is the power to interpret laws, determine their meaning, and settle disputes within a society.
Which term refers to an institution created by a society to create and enforce public policies quizlet?Which term refers to an institution created by a society to create and enforce public policies? Government. Which purpose of government do armed forces fulfill? They protect the country.
What is the mechanism through which a state makes and enforces its policies?Government is the mechanism through which a state makes and enforces its policies.
What are the institutions that make public policy?Policymakers work within the three policymaking institutions (the Congress, the presidency, and the courts as established by the U.S. Constitution). B. Policies Impact People 1. Every decision that government makes—a law it passes, a budget it establishes, and even a decision not to act on an issue—is public policy.
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The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.
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