The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

1. Estenne M, Yernault JC, De Troyer A. Rib cage and diaphragm-abdomen compliance in humans: effects of age and posture. J Appl Physiol. 1985; 59:1842–8.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

2. Enright PL, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Schenker MB, Hyatt RE. Respiratory muscle strength in the elderly. Correlates and reference values. Cardiovascular Health Study Research Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994; 149:430–8.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

3. Tockman MS. Aging of the respiratory system. 1994. 499–507.

4. Zeleznik J. Normative aging of the respiratory system. Clin Geriatr Med. 2003; 19:1–18.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

5. Verbeken EK, Cauberghs M, Mertens I, Clement J, Lauweryns JM, Van de Woestijne KP. The senile lung; Comparison with normal and emphysematous lungs. 1. Structural aspects. Chest. 1992; 101:793–9.

6. Stocks J, Quanjer PH. Reference values for residual volume, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity: ATS Workshop on Lung Volume Measurements Official Statement of the European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J. 1995; 8:492–506.

7. Janssens JP. Aging of the respiratory system: Impact on pulmonary function tests and adaptation to exertion. Clin Chest Med. 2005; 26:469–84.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

8. Meyer KC. Aging. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2005; 2:433–9.

9. Sprung J, Gajic O, Warner DO. Review article: Age related alterations in respiratory function – Anesthetic considerations. Can J Anaesth. 2006; 53:1244–57.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

10. Stanojevic S, Wade A, Stocks J, Hankinson J, Coates AL, Pan H, et al. Reference ranges for spirometry across all ages: A new approach. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008; 177:253–60.

11. Colloca G, Santoro M, Gambassi G. Age-related physiologic changes and perioperative management of elderly patients. Surg Oncol. 2010; 19:124–30.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

12. Burrows B, Lebowitz MD, Camilli AE, Knudson RJ. Longitudinal changes in forced expiratory volume in one second in adults. Methodologic considerations and findings in healthy nonsmokers. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986; 133:974–80.

13. Kerstjens HAM, Rijcken B, Scheuten JP, Postma DS. Decline of FEV1 by age and smoking status: Facts, figures, and fallacies. Thorax. 1997; 52:820–7.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

14. McClaran SR, Babcock MA, Pegelow DF, Reddan WG, Dempsey JA. Longitudinal effects of aging on lung function at rest and exercise in healthy active fit elderly adults. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1995; 78:1957–68.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

15. Niewoehner DE, Kleinerman J. Morphologic basis of pulmonary resistance in the human lung and effects of aging. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1974; 36:412–8.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

16. Stam H, Hrachovina V, Stijnen T, Versprille A. Diffusing capacity dependent on lung volume and age in normal subjects. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1994; 76:2356–63.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

17. Holland J, Milic-Emili J, Macklem PT, Bates DV. Regional distribution of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion in elderly subjects. J Clin Invest. 1968; 47:81–92.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

18. Miller RM, Tenney SM. Dead space ventilation in old age. J Appl Physiol. 1956; 9:321–7.

19. Tolep K, Kelsen SG. Effect of aging on respiratory skeletal muscles. Clin Chest Med. 1993; 14:363–78.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

20. Kwak H, Kim SB. Aging and Sarcopenia. J Korean Geriatr Soc. 2007; 11:55–9.

21. McElvaney G, Blackie S, Morrison NJ, Wilcox PG, Fairbarn MS, Pardy RL. Maximal static respiratory pressures in the normal elderly. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989; 139:277–81.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

22. Arora NS, Rochester DF. Respiratory muscle strength and maximal voluntary ventilation in un-dernourished patients. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1982; 126:5–8.

23. Polkey MI, Harris ML, Hughes PD, Hamnegä rd CH, Lyons D, Green M, et al. The contractile properties of the elderly human diaphragm. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997; 155:1560–4.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

24. De Troyer A, Kirkwood PA, Wilson TA. Respiratory action of the intercostalis muscles. Physiol Rev. 2005; 85:717–56.

25. Enright PL, Adams AB, Boyle PJ, Sherrill DL. Spirometry and maximal respiratory pressure references from healthy Minnesota 65-to 85-ye-ar-old women and men. Chest. 1995; 108:663–9.

26. Peterson DD, Pack AI, Silage DA, Fishman AP. Effects of aging on ventilatory and occlusion pressure responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981; 124:387–91.

27. Kronenberg RS, Drage CW. Attenuation of the ventilatory and heart rate responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia with aging in normal men. J Clin Invest. 1973; 52:1812–9.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

28. Poulin MJ, Cunningham DA, Paterson DH, Kowalchuk JM, Smith WD. Ventilatory sensitivity to CO2 in hyperoxia and hypoxia in older aged humans. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1993; 75:2209–16.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

29. Canning BJ. Encoding of the cough reflex. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2007; 20:396–401.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

30. Newnham DM, Hamilton SJ. Sensitivity of the cough reflex in young and elderly subjects. Age Ageing. 1997; 26:185–8.

The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?

Which is an age-related change in the respiratory system? Age-related changes associated with the respiratory system include decreased gas exchange and diffusing capacity. Age-related changes associated with the cardiovascular system include increased blood pressure and decreased cardiac output.
Which of the following changes should the nurse include as an age related change? the nurse should inform the clients that a decreased in baginal secreations is an expected age-related change in older adult female clients.

How does age affect respiratory rate?

Breathing rate usually does not change with age. But lung function decreases slightly each year as you age. Healthy older people can usually breathe without effort. Older people may become dizzy when standing up too quickly.

Why does respiratory rate decrease with age?

There are several body changes that happen as you get older that may cause a decline in lung capacity: Alveoli can lose their shape and become baggy. The diaphragm can, over time, become weaker, decreasing the ability to inhale and exhale.