Show Med-Surg: Adaptive Quizzing: Chapter 11Which electrolyte deficiency results in decreased depolarization in the excitable cells and increased cellular swelling? Positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs are consistent with which electrolyte imbalance? Which electrolyte imbalance should be anticipated and monitored in a patient with hyperphosphatemia? What is the major cause of death in patients diagnosed with hypokalemia? respiratory insufficiency The nurse is reviewing lab values for a patient recently admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which lab result is severely abnormal? An electrocardiogram (ECG) is ordered for a patient who was placed on intravenous (IV) fluids containing potassium. Which ECG finding is consistent with hyperkalemia? When treating a patient for hyponatremia, which type of drug must be altered to decrease sodium loss? The nurse is planning care for a patient with hypocalcemia. Which nursing action is appropriate to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? transferring the patient from the bed to a stretcher using a lift sheet Which are common symptoms of hypokalemia? Select all that apply.
shallow respirations; weak, thready pulse; musculoskeletal weakness Hyponatremia most affects the cells of which body systems? Select all that apply. cerebral, cardiovascular, neuromuscular When assessing the laboratory results of a patient who has hypomagnesemia, for which additional electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor? A 90-year-old patient with hypermagnesemia is seen in the emergency department (ED). The ED nurse prepares the patient for admission to which inpatient unit? telemetry/cardiac stepdown A patient with hyperkalemia is being treated with drugs to improve the condition. Which potassium level indicates that therapy is effective? A patient with severe hypokalemia is prescribed parenteral administration of potassium. How does the nurse administer potassium to the patient? 1 mEq of potassium to 10 mL intravenous soluton Which electrolyte excess results in irritability and severe cellular dehydration? The nurse instructs an older adult patient to increase intake of dietary potassium when the patient is prescribed which classification of drugs? high- ceiling (loop) diuretics Which fruit will the nurse remove from the dietary tray of a patient with high potassium levels? The nurse is reviewing lab values for a patient recently admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which lab result is severely abnormal? Which hormone regulates fluid and electrolyte balance by preventing water and sodium loss? A patient with Crohn's disease reports numbness, tingling, and painful muscle contractions. After assessing the deep tendon reflexes of the patient, which intervention does the nurse perform next? intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate Which patient is at greatest risk for hypernatremia? 17-year-old with a serum blood glucose of 189 mg/dL Which electrolyte imbalance does the nurse anticipate in association with a serum magnesium reading of 1.1 mEq/L? Calcium 7.8 A patient who recently experienced an anterior neck injury reports frequent and painful muscle spasms in the calf during sleep. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the patient? Which drug therapies might be used to manage symptoms of hypocalcemia? calcium chloride When administering 20 mEq potassium chloride intravenously (IV), which is the priority intervention? Administer at a rate of 10 mEq/hr. Which laboratory value requires a priority response by the nurse to notify the primary health care provider? The health care provider writes orders for a patient who is admitted with a serum potassium (K) level of 6.9 mEq/L. What does the nurse implement first? Place the patient on a cardiac monitor. Which nursing action is recommended when providing care to a patient with hypokalemia? Question the continued administration of bumetanide. When planning care for a patient with hypercalcemia, which intervention does the nurse consider? Monitor cardiac rhythm for changes. The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving intravenous (IV) magnesium sulfate. Which assessment parameter is critical? hourly deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) A patient has a serum magnesium level of 1.2 mEq/L. Which instruction by the nurse is appropriate? Notify me if you have diarrhea Laboratory results for a patient with a large draining abdominal wound show a serum sodium decrease from 138 mEq/L to 131 mEq/L. What is the nurse's first action? Assess the patient's respiratory status. A patient is admitted to the nursing unit with a diagnosis of hypokalemia. Which assessment does the nurse complete first? obtaining a pulse oximetry reading A patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) demonstrates a heart rate of 52 beats/minute and prolonged PR interval with widened QRS complex, and the patient is also hypotensive. Which laboratory results are consistent with these findings? Hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, hypermagnesemia Which nursing interventions are consistent with safe administration of intravenous (IV) potassium to a patient with hypokalemia? Select all that apply. Evaluate the heart rate and regularity. The nurse is performing discharge dietary teaching for a patient with hyperkalemia. Which statement does the nurse include in the teaching? You may eat apples, strawberries, and peaches. A patient with mild hypokalemia caused by diuretic use is discharged home. The home health nurse delegates which of these interventions to the home health aide? Measurement of the patient's urine output A patient is brought to the emergency department with symptoms of diarrhea, chest discomfort, and paresthesia. The patient has a heart rate of 60 beats per minute. The electrocardiogram (ECG) of the patient shows missed P waves, tall T waves, prolonged PR Serum potassium levels above 5.0 mEq/L Which foods will the nurse teach a patient with hyperkalemia to avoid? Select all that apply. Oranges Which written order does the nurse clarify with the provider when caring for a patient with a serum sodium level of 149 mEq/L? Place the patient on nothing by mouth (NPO) status. A patient's morning laboratory results show a serum ionized calcium of 2.85 mmol/L. For what sign must the nurse assess? blood clotting A patient is admitted with hypokalemia and skeletal muscle weakness. Which assessment does the nurse perform first? respirations Which electrolyte imbalances cause increased neuromuscular excitability?The symptoms of hypocalcemia depend on the degree of hypocalcemia and the speed of the decrease in the serum calcium concentration. Acute hypocalcemia primarily causes increased neuromuscular excitability and tetany.
What happens to cells in hypokalemia?Hypokalemic periodic paralysis: A rare genetic disorder that is characterized by sudden and rapid shifts of potassium into cells, leading to very low serum potassium levels. Attacks are manifested by muscular weakness or generalized paralysis that lasts less than 24hrs.
What are some effects of sodium or potassium electrolyte balance in cells?Common electrolytes include sodium, potassium, calcium, and bicarbonate. The symptoms of an electrolyte imbalance can include twitching, weakness, and, if unchecked, seizures and heart rhythm disturbances.
Which condition is assessed using trousseau and chvostek signs?Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs in a Case of Hypoparathyroidism - PMC. The . gov means it's official.
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