The Difference between Right and Wrong: Accuracy of Older and Younger Adults' Story RecallDanielle K Davis et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015. Show
Free PMC article AbstractSharing stories is an important social activity in everyday life. This study used fine-grained content analysis to investigate the accuracy of recall of two central story elements: the gist and detail of socially-relevant stories. Younger (M age = 28.06) and older (M age = 75.03) American men and women (N = 63) recalled fictional stories that were coded for (i) accuracy of overall gist and specific gist categories and (ii) accuracy of overall detail and specific detail categories. Findings showed no age group differences in accuracy of overall gist or detail, but differences emerged for specific categories. Older adults more accurately recalled the gist of when the event occurred whereas younger adults more accurately recalled the gist of why the event occurred. These differences were related to episodic memory ability and education. For accuracy in recalling details, there were some age differences, but gender differences were more robust. Overall, women remembered details of these social stories more accurately than men, particularly time and perceptual details. Women were also more likely to accurately remember the gist of when the event occurred. The discussion focuses on how accurate recall of socially-relevant stories is not clearly age-dependent but is related to person characteristics such as gender and episodic memory ability/education. Keywords: accuracy; fictional text recall; memory; storytelling. Figures
 Age group differences for overall gist accuracy and accuracy of gist categories. Error bars represent ± 1SE. Asterisks mark significant effects at the p < 0.05 level. Age differences are no longer significant after including covariates (episodic memory, education) in the model. Gender differences for overall accuracy of gist and gist categories. Error bars represent ± 1SE. Asterisk marks significant effect at the p < 0.01 level. Gender differences remained significant after including covariates (episodic memory, education) in the model. Gender differences for accuracy of overall detail and detail categories. Error bars represent ± 1SE. Single asterisk marks significant effect at the p < 0.05 level and double asterisks mark significant effects at the p < 0.01 level. Gender differences for overall gist remained significant after including covariates (episodic memory, education) in the model, but multivariate effects (time and perceptual) became N.S. Age differences in errors of omission for details overall and by category. Bars represent ± 1SE. Single asterisks mark significant effects at the p < 0.05 level and double asterisk marks significant effect at the p < 0.01 level. Age differences in overall detail disappeared after including covariates (episodic memory, education) in the model, but multivariate effects (perceptual and emotion/thought) remained significant. Gender differences in errors of detail omission overall and by category. Bars represent ± 1SE. Single asterisk marks significant effect at the p < 0.05 level, double asterisk marks significant effect at the p < 0.01 level, and triple asterisk marks significant effect at the p < 0.001 level. All effects remain significant except for the time gender difference after including covariates (episodic memory, education) in the univariate and multivariate models. Similar articles
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Which of the following is a difference between older and younger adults psychology?
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