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Terms in this set (45)What specific constitutional principle was Alexander Hamilton referring to in this quotation? "It therefore belongs to [the courts] to ascertain . . . the meaning of any particular act proceeding from the legislative body." —Alexander Hamilton, Federalist No. 78, 1788 The authority to interpret laws Which of the constitutional principles listed was Madison describing and defending in the quotation below? "In the compound republic of America, the power . . . is first divided between two distinct governments. . . . The different governments will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself." —James Madison, Federalist No. 51, 1788 federalism Which of the following is NOT a check available to the legislative branch? declaring an executive act to be unconsitiutional What idea embodied in the Constitution is demonstrated by how California and Wyoming are represented in Congress? The bicameral legislature creates equal representation in the Senate, but population-based representation in the House. The principle of popular sovereignty is based on the belief that the government gets its power from the people and can exist only with their consent. Which of the following is an example of checks and balances at work? Congress removes from the bench a federal judge who has accepted a bribe. Which of the following statements BEST describes the cause and effect of the 15th Amendment? It was passed as a result of the Union's victory in the Civil War, and extended the right to vote to male African Americans. To which amendment in the Bill of Rights are these protests related? 1st Which of the following statements supplies the information on proposing an amendment that is missing from the chart? A national convention called by Congress at the request of 2/3 of the State legislatures. Under which of the following scenarios would your 5th Amendment rights be violated? You were found innocent of a crime but later charged again with that crime and forced to give evidence that made you seem guilty. The 6th, 7th, and 8th amendments have which of the following in common? Protecting the rights of individuals in the court system Read this text excerpt about senatorial courtesy. Which explanation describes the underlying justification that validates this practice? "The Senate will approve only those presidential appointees, such as a federal judge or a United States marshal, who are acceptable to the senator or senators of the President's party from the State involved." It is an example of an unwritten rule, or custom, that is closely followed in the Senate Once an amendment is formally proposed, how long do the States have to ratify it? Congress has the power to set a varying time limit for ratifying each amendment as long as it is reasonable. Based on the reasoning Chief Justice John Marshall uses in the excerpt below, what choice best describes the decision he made in the McCulloch v. Maryland case? "[T]he states have no power . . . to retard, impede, burden, or in any manner control, the operations of the constitutional laws enacted by Congress." —Chief Justice John Marshall, McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 He decided that federal law could not be challenged by State law. Use the quote from the text about reserved powers to determine which of the following examples is a reserved power possessed only by State governments. "The reserved powers are those powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not, at the same time, deny to the States." the ability to forbid people under 18 to marry without parental consent Tariffs are taxes on foreign imports. In our federal system, the power to levy tariffs is a power granted exclusively to the Federal Government by the Constitution. An explicitly denied power is a power banned outright by the Constitution. An implicitly denied power is a power banned, but not directly mentioned in the Constitution. Which of the following powers is implicitly denied to the Federal Government? establish marriage and divorce laws Which of the following powers is a concurrent power shared by both the federal and State governments that is missing from the chart? setting punishments for crimes Local governments get their authority from state governments Which of the following statements best describes the pattern of how States were admitted into the Union? The last States in the continental United States were admitted in the 1900s. To which one of the listed situations would the protections of the Full Faith and Credit Clause apply? "Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State." —Article IV, Section 1 A man taking a trip wants his driver's license from one State to be accepted as proper identification in another State. What name is commonly given to this quote from the Constitution? "A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime." —Article IV, Section 2 the Extradition Clause States that joined the Union after the original 13 colonies immediately received the same congressional status and constitutional rights as the original States. What limit does the Constitution place on the ability of the U.S. government to add new States to the Union? Congress cannot take territory from an existing State to create a new State without the permission of the original State's legislature. The existence of the federal district courts is evidence of which of the following? the way that executive agreements have added to the basic structure of the Federal Government Which of the following statements best expresses the argument Alexander Hamilton is making in the quotation below? "Laws are a dead letter without courts to expound and define their true meaning and operation." —Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist No. 22, 1788 The government needs courts to explain and interpret laws. What constitutional principle prevents the tyranny that James Madison describes in the quotation below from taking place? "The accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many . . . may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny." —James Madison, The Federalist No. 47, 1788 separation of powers What is another way in which the executive branch can check the legislative branch that is missing from the diagram? vetoing a bill Which constitutional principle was being practiced at the event represented by this ticket? checks and balances Which of the following is an example of the principle of judicial review being exercised? The Supreme Court declares a State law unconstitutional Which statement describes the method missing from the chart by which a constitutional amendment can be ratified? A pro-ratification vote by 3/4 of the State legislatures If you wanted to gather a group of friends and respectfully protest against a new law, on which amendment's protections would you rely? 1st Which statement best describes the intent of the 10th Amendment? It is an effort to promote a balance of power between the Federal and State governments in the federal system. Identify which fact about the amendment process best supports this quotation from the lesson text. "The formal amendment process emphasizes the federal character of the governmental system." The National and State governments must work together to propose and ratify a constitutional amendment. Which of the following is an example of Congress expanding the provisions of the Constitution by enacting a law rather than seeking a formal Amendment? creating a federal court system Oregon's no self-service law is an example of a government using what type of power in our federal system? A reserved State power not mentioned in the Constitution. The Necessary and Proper Clause, shown below, is used to justify what category of government powers in our federal system? [Congress has the power] "to make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof." —Article I, Section 8 the implied powers of the Federal Government What argument was Oliver Wendell Holmes making in this quotation about how our federal system works? "I do not think the United States would come to an end if we [the Court] lost our power to declare an Act of Congress void. I do think the Union would be imperiled if we could not make that declaration as to the laws of the several States." —Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes The Supreme Court needs to be able to settle disputes between the States and the Federal Government by reviewing the constitutionality of State laws. An explicitly denied power is a power banned outright by the Constitution. An implicitly denied power is a power banned, but not directly mentioned in the Constitution. Which one of the following powers is implicitly denied to the Federal Government, and could go in the empty place on the chart? tax State or local governments Which of the following powers is a concurrent power shared by both the Federal Government and the State governments? levying and collecting taxes from businesses and citizens The Framers included the Supremacy Clause in the Constitution for the purpose of helping to settle disputes between different levels of government in the federal system. Note the date of California's admission compared to its neighbors. Based on your knowledge of the terms under which States are admitted, what does this suggest? California had a higher population than its neighbors and thus met the requirement for a territory to apply for statehood before they did. Use the quotation from the text to help you identify which of the following forms of government aid qualifies as a categorical grant. "Categorical grants are usually made with conditions attached. These 'strings' require the State to . . . use the federal monies only for the specific purpose involved . . . [and] obey a set of guidelines tailored to the particular purpose for which the monies are given." funds provided by a federal agency to help build a single airport according to federal requirements This clause in the Constitution is used to justify what type of action by the Federal Government? 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Which of the following statements best describes the role of the United States Constitution quizlet?
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