Which of the following statements is best supported by current research in education?

Note: Select an answer for each question, then click the “Evaluate Quiz” button at the bottom of the page to check your answers.

1. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates stereotype threat?

   a. Raymond was nervous when his wife asked him to be in the delivery room for the birth of their child. Even though he felt a bit awkward, he stayed by his wife’s side throughout the delivery, giving her moral support.
   b. Midori is the only girl on her Little League baseball team. She has pitched three no-hitters and has not lost a game all season.
   c. Tim enjoys needlepoint, so he joined a class. The other students, all women, tell him that men cannot be good at needlepoint. This makes him uncomfortable, and he has started making lots of mistakes.
   d. When her husband told Leanne that there was no way she could learn how to change the oil in her car, Leanne read about the procedure, watched an instructional video, and changed her oil successfully.
   

2. We should be skeptical of the idea that the racial gap in IQ is due to

   a. genetic influences.
   b. family environment.
   c. socioeconomic factors.
   d. culturally biased tests.
   

3. Knowing that a trait is heritable

   a. tells us that the trait cannot be changed.
   b. gives us information about specific populations.
   c. explains average group differences in the trait.
   d. tells us that the trait is unaffected by the environment.
   

4. Which would provide the strongest evidence that education influences IQ scores?

   a. The correlation between number of years of education and IQ is 0.15.
   b. Individuals with high IQ scores enjoy reading and doing homework more than individuals with low IQ scores do.
   c. When comparing groups of children of the same age who differ in number of years of education, children who have one extra year of education have higher IQs.
   d. Generally speaking, children’s IQ scores increase significantly during the summer months.
   

5. Which of the following findings provides the most evidence that the family environment influences IQ scores?

   a. The IQ scores of identical twins are more similar than those of fraternal twins.
   b. Siblings reared together have more similar IQ scores than siblings reared apart.
   c. Identical twins reared apart have more similar IQ scores than siblings reared together.
   d. The IQ scores of adopted children are more similar to their biological parents than to their adoptive parents.
   

6. Which pair of family members is likely to have the most similar IQ scores?

   a. Mother and father
   b. Mother and biological child
   c. Identical twins
   d. Fraternal twins
   

7. A statistical estimate of the extent to which individual differences in genes in a population contribute to individual differences in a trait is called

   a. percentile.
   b. reliability.
   c. standard deviation.
   d. heritability.
   

8. Researchers have found that people’s IQ scores start to decline after the age of

   a. 25.
   b. 45.
   c. 65.
   d. 85.
   

9. The Flynn effect refers to the

   a. fact that children without siblings score higher on tests of intelligence than children with siblings.
   b. finding that analytical intelligence can increase throughout one’s lifetime.
   c. substantial increase in average scores on IQ tests that has taken place since the first IQ tests were developed.
   d. fact that people with high emotional intelligence tend to have low crystallized intelligence.
   

10. Which of the following statements does the existence of savant syndrome support, with regard to intelligence?

    a. Intelligence is affected by environment just as strongly as it is influenced by genetics.
    b. People with intellectual disabilities are higher in analytical intelligence than people with normal intelligence.
    c. Generalized intelligence (the g factor) encompasses all aspects of human intelligence.
    d. There is intelligence beyond that measured by traditional IQ tests.
    

11. How does fragile X syndrome differ from fetal alcohol syndrome?

    a. Unlike fragile X syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome is entirely preventable.
    b. People with fragile X syndrome have close-set eyes, whereas people with fetal alcohol syndrome have elongated faces and prominent ears.
    c. People with fragile X syndrome have normal intelligence, whereas people with fetal alcohol syndrome have mild to severe mental disability.
    d. Unlike fragile X syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome has a genetic basis.
    

12. Which of the following illustrates a low level of emotional intelligence?

    a. Brittany goes to the gym when she feels tense from her school day.
    b. Alexander knows his father will be angry if he does not mow the lawn.
    c. Lupe ignores her husband when he comes home from work stressed.
    d. Tyler can tell immediately when his best friend is feeling sad.
    

13. Which of the following is one of Robert Sternberg’s proposed components of intelligence?

    a. Analytical intelligence, or “book smarts”
    b. The g factor, or generalized intelligence
    c. Linguistic intelligence, or the sensitivity to sounds, rhythm, and the meaning of words
    d. Spatial intelligence, or the ability to accurately perceive the visual spatial world
    

14. Fluid intelligence

    a. increases steadily throughout adulthood.
    b. is completely independent of crystallized intelligence.
    c. reflects the store of facts that one has learned and the ability to use it appropriately.
    d. is the ability to reason abstractly to solve novel problems.
    

15. Crystallized intelligence is reflected in your ability to

    a. empathize with people who are upset.
    b. correctly name the members of the U.S. Supreme Court.
    c. solve an abstract puzzle that you have never seen before.
    d. react within a given period of time.
    

16. A psychological test that measures the trait it is intended to measure is said to be

    a. valid.
    b. normalized.
    c. reliable.
    d. standardized.
    

17. High IQ scores have been shown to predict _______, but not _______.

    a. reproductive success; school performance
    b. happiness; longevity
    c. job placement; school performance
    d. school performance; happiness
    

18. A team of psychologists administers two new intelligence tests to 1,000 people. Eighty percent of those taking the tests answer less than 40 percent of the questions correctly on Test 1 and more than 75 percent of the questions correctly on Test 2. Based on this information, the tests

    a. appear to have scoring reliability but lack convergent validity.
    b. lack split-half reliability but have content validity.
    c. seem to lack cross-test reliability and convergent validity.
    d. have both internal reliability and content validity.
    

19. Which of the following is the best example of test-retest reliability?

    a. Patrick scores 115 on an IQ test; when he takes the same test one month later, he scores 117.
    b. Kirsten takes two different IQ tests; she scores 100 on the first and 102 on the second.
    c. Austin takes an intelligence test; Melinda gives his test a score of 85, while Brandon gives it a score of 105.
    d. Isabella scores 140 on the first half of an IQ test but only 100 on the second half.
    

20. Standard deviation is the

    a. percentage of the comparable population that scores below a given score.
    b. bell-shaped curve describing the distribution of scores around a mean.
    c. result obtained by adding several values and then dividing the total by the number of values.
    d. average amount that each individual score falls above or below the mean.
    

21. Modern-day IQ scores

    a. compare mental age to chronological age.
    b. are based on what people of a particular age “should” know.
    c. reflect mental age alone.
    d. compare individuals in the same age range.
    

22. By definition, a test that has been administered to many people so that performance average and variability are established has been

    a. simplified.
    b. normalized.
    c. age-matched.
    d. standardized.
    

23. _______ and _______ are the two basic types of tasks in the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS).

    a. Verbal; nonverbal performance
    b. Objective; subjective
    c. Creative; practical
    d. Fluid; crystallized
    

24. Using the original calculation of IQ scores, a 12-year-old girl with an IQ of 50 has a mental age of _______ years.

    a. 6
    b. 8
    c. 12
    d. 14
    

25. The Binet-Simon scale was originally designed to

    a. predict which military recruits were capable of becoming good officers.
    b. prove that women and men were of equal intelligence.
    c. determine which children were mentally disabled and get them help.
    d. identify gifted children so they could be placed in advanced classes.
    

Which topic is best for research in education?

Which of the following is are importance of research in education?

Which type of research is usually used in education and why?

What is the most important of research in your education as a 21st century learner?