What is the correct term to describe the number of patients occupying beds in a hospital at a given time?

This is the sum for the quarter of the daily figures for the number of beds occupied by patients.

Notes:

1.  A bed may only be occupied by one patient at any given time. For example, staffed unoccupied beds which are reserved for patients on weekend leave (maximum 3 nights) may be regarded as occupied. If occupied by another patient during this period it should be counted as occupied by that patient and not the patient on home leave.

2.  A bed temporarily used by a day case during the day but otherwise not in use by an inpatient is counted as unoccupied.

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Indicator full name: Bed occupancy rate (%), acute care hospitals only

Unit: %

Dimensions:

• Country/Area (COUNTRY/AREA)
• Supranational group of countries (COUNTRY_GRP)
• Sex (SEX)
• Year of measure (YEAR)

Years data is available: 1960—2021

Indicator is part of data set(s):

Last updated: 01 September 2022

Countries with no data (7): 

• Albania
• Bulgaria
• Iceland
• Monaco
• Montenegro
• Poland
• Romania

(Sub)regional averages available for: 

• WHO European Region
• Members of the European Union
• Members of the EU before May 2004 (EU15)
• Members of the EU after May 2004 (EU13)
• Commonwealth of Independent States
• Central Asian Republics Information Network members (CARINFONET)
• Nordic countries
• Small countries

Data set notes

European Health for All database

Indicators: 618

Updated: 04 September 2022

The following abbreviations are used in the indicator titles:

•    SDR: age-standardized death rates (see HFA-DB user manual/Technical notes, page 13, for details)

•    FTE: full-time equivalent

•    PP: physical persons

•    PPP$: purchasing power parities expressed in US $, an internationally comparable scale reflecting the relative domestic purchasing powers of currencies.

Indicator notes

Bed occupancy rate (%), acute care hospitals only
Indicator code: E992913.T

Average number of days when hospital bed was occupied as % of available 365 days.

Calculation: utilized bed-days x 100/available bed-days during the calendar year.

For countries participating in the Joint Eurostat / OECD / WHO Europe data collection on health care activities (for year 2012 those were: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey and United Kingdom), following definition was used:

Hospital aggregates: Curative (acute) care

Curative care comprises health care contacts during which the principal intent is to relieve symptoms of illness or injury, to reduce the severity of an illness or injury, or to protect against exacerbation and/or complication of an illness or injury that could threaten life or normal function (HC.1 in the SHA classification).

Inclusion

- All components of curative care of illness (including both physical and mental/psychiatric illnesses) or treatment of injury

- Diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical procedures

- Obstetric services

Exclusion

- Other functions of care (such as rehabilitative care, long-term care and palliative care)\"

Data are collected for:

d) Curative (acute) care occupancy rates:

The occupancy rate is calculated as the number of beds effectively occupied (bed-days) for curative care (HC.1 in SHA classification) divided by the number of beds available for curative care multiplied by 365 days, with the ratio multiplied by 100.

Occupancy rate = Total number of bed-days during the year / (Number of beds available * 365 days) * 100_

Country/Area notes

Albania

Ministry of Health.

Armenia

Source of data: National Health Information Analytic Center, Ministry of Health of the Republic of
Armenia http://moh.am/?section=static_pages/index&id=625&subID=824,29.
Data collected annually, reference period: 31 December.

Austria

See indicator 992952.

Belgium

Source: Federal Public Service of Public Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment. Health Care
Facilities Organization (DG1). 2007: provisional data.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Public Health Institute of Federation of B&H; Department for Health Statistics and Informatics
Public Health Institute of Republic of Srpska- Department for Social medicine, with Health
Organization and Health Economics. Law on health evidence and statistical research in health. Annual
report of hospitals.
Department for Health of Brcko District

Cyprus

Only public sector general hospitals.

Czechia

Source: Institute of Health Information and Statistics of CR (IHIS CR). Survey on bed resources of
health establishments and their exploitation. Coverage: Data relate to all in-patient care in
University hospitals and Acute care hospitals.
Break in time series: Until 1999 data covers only establishments of the Health Sector. From 2000
data covers also health establishments of other central organs.

Denmark

Bed occupancy in %, somatic hospitals with an average length of stay of 18 days or less.
Source: Ministry of Health

Estonia

Source: annual reporting, National Institute for Health Development.

Finland

Source: Hospital Discharge Register, THL (National Institute for Health and Welfare).

France

Source: Source: DGOS DREES PMSI-SAE

Georgia

Source: National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia (NCDC) (http://www.ncdc.ge)

Germany

Acute care bed-days comprise bed-days in general hospitals in all sectors (public, not-for-profit
and private). Bed-days in mental health hospitals, prevention and rehabilitation homes and long-term
nursing care facilities are excluded. The number of bed-days refers to the sum of all inpatients at
midnight. The day of admission counts as one bed-day so that day cases (patients admitted for a
medical procedure or surgery in the morning and released before the evening) are also included. One
day case constitutes one bed-day. As of reporting year 2002, the German name for \bed-day\" changed
from \"Pflegetag\" to \"Berechnungs und Belegungstag\". This leads to a consistent terminology with the
case related reimbursement. Acute care beds comprise beds in general hospitals in all sectors
(public

Hungary

Source: Center for Health Care Information (GYOGYINFOK).

Ireland

Source: Health Service Executive. Data prior to 2006 comes from the Department of Health and
Children. From 1997, data refer to HSE network hospitals (publicly funded acute) only.

Israel

Includes all acute care hospitaliSations. Source: Department of Health Information, Ministry of
Health.

Italy

Source: Ministry of Health. The rate refers to acute care beds in public and private hospitals,
accredited by the National Health Service. Private hospitals not accredited by the National Health
Service are excluded. Clinical data gathered in the hospital discharges database are coded with the
following versions: until 2005 with ICD9-CM version 1997, from 2006 to 2008 with ICD9-CM version
2002, since 2009 with the ICD9-CM version 2007.

Latvia

Acute care hospital beds (instead of hospitals) are included, i.e. hospital beds excluding beds for
rehabilitation, tuberculosis, psychiatry, mental care for alcohol and drug abusers, short-term
social care, geriatrics, palliative care and care for chronic patients.

Lithuania

Source: Up to 2000: LHIC annual report data. From 2001: HI HIC data from annual reports and
Compulsory Health Insurance Database (for day cases). Coverage: No clear separation for short and
long-stay hospitals or beds. In calculations: long-term care beds were tuberculosis, psychiatric,
narcology, nursing, rehabilitation beds. All other beds were acute care beds. Up to 2000: including
day cases. From 2001: excluding day cases.

Malta

Figures relate to the main acute public hospital. Source: Patient Administration System (PAS)- ADT
Module (Admissions Discharges and Transfers).

Montenegro

Data are for discharges (Stationary medical centres are included).

Netherlands

Breaks in series: before 2002 Data included cots for healthy infants and psychiatric care in general
hospitals. Cots for healthy infants and bed-days of newborns are excluded in the calculations after
2002. Statistics Netherlands: Statistics of intramural health care.
The data includes in-patient days excluding day care days.

North Macedonia

Source: Institute for Public Health (IPH).

Portugal

Source of data: National Statistical Institute Coverage: National

Republic of Moldova

The average number of days during which the hospital bed is occupied, in% of the available 320 days
(average standard of bed occupancy per year).

Serbia

Source: Institute of Public Health of Serbia.

Slovakia

Calculation includes hospitals of acute care except special departments designated for psychiatric
care, long-term care and rehabilitation.

Slovenia

Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana 1996.

Spain

Average number of days when hospital bed was occupied as % of available 365 days. In this statistics
acute care hospitals means general hospitals+ especial hospitals with short-stay. Source up to 1996:
National Statistics Institute and Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs. Statistics on Health
Establishments Providing Inpatient Care. Source from 1996: Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs
(www.msc.es/).

Sweden

Source: National Patient Register NBHW.

Switzerland

Source of data: FSO Federal Statistical Office, Neuchatel; Hospitals Statistics; yearly census.
Coverage: Full coverage of hospitals.
Deviation from the definition: -
Estimation method: -
Break in time series: -

Türkiye

Source: General Directorate of Curative Services. Method: Includes bed occupancy rate in Ministry of
Health, university and private hospitals. Acute hospitals, mental health hospitals, physical
treatment and rehabilitation hospitals were not included.

Turkmenistan

Source of data: Administrative medical statistics, form 14 ?Report on hospital activity?.
Calculation method: Utilized bed-days * 100/ average annual number of beds (available beds in a
calendar year).

Ukraine

For hospitals under Ministry of Health only.
Source: Centre of Health Statistics, Ministry of Health.

United Kingdom

Source of Data: England - Department of Health KH03 form.
Scotland - National Health Service.
Wales - Health Statistics Wales based on the QSI Quarters Extract.
N.Ireland - Department for Health, Social Services and Public Safety, KH03.
Coverage:
UK - Data refers to NHS hospitals only. In parts of the UK it is not possible to separate curative
(acute) beds from long-term or rehabilitative beds. As such UK acute care beds data includes
curative (acute)+ long-term+ rehabilitative. Only wards which are open overnight are included (i.e.
not day patient beds).

England 2010- The data for 2010 is lower because the definition changed to the classification for
bed availability and occupancy was changed from ward type to the consultant specialty of the
responsible consultant and are now only collected for consultant led beds. This followed
consultation with the NHS, as concerns had been expressed that the ward classifications, which were
set in the late 1980s, were no longer relevant. Using the consultant specialty allowed NHS
organisations to utilise their patient administration systems to calculate the data. Previously the
NHS would estimate the number of available bed days. This means that there is a step change in the
timeseries for KH03 data as the basis of the collection was changed.

Deviaition from the definition: Wales data covers financial not calendar years, i.e. 2008 is
represented by 2008/09 data.

Break in Time Series: Data from 2000 onwards is not comparable with data from prior to this. This
is due to work conducted to improve compliance with definitions and consistency of methodologies
across the four parts of the UK.
Scotland - Data were previously based on financial year - now based on calendar year for
consistency, previous figures included psychiatric beds, as per now exclude all psychiatric
specialties, G1 to G5.

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